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	Battle of Three Kings
		Battle of August 4, 1578, in northern Morocco.
		The 3 kings in the battle were King Sebastian of Portugal, the ruling sultan of Morocco, Abd el-Malik and the deposed sultan, Muhammad.
		The political results of the battle was, that it promoted Morocco as a strong power, able to defend itself towards European states, and weakened Portugal, to the extent that the country would fall under Spain 2 years later, a situation that would last for 60 years.
	lexicorient.com /e.o/battle_three_kings.htm (264 words)

	Battle of Alcácer Quibir - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Alcácer Quibir (variant spellings are legion: Alcácer-Quivir, Al Quasr al-kibr, Alcazarquivir, Alcassar and so on, meaning grand palace in Arabic), also known as Battle of Three Kings, was a major battle fought in Morocco, near the modern town of Ksar-el-Kebir between Tangier and Fez, on 4 August 1578.
		The ensuing battle ended in the total defeat of the Portuguese, with 8,000 dead, including the slaughter of almost the whole of the country’s nobility, and 15,000 taken prisoner; perhaps 100 survivors escaped to the coast.
		Philip II of Spain, a grandson of Manuel I of Portugal, invaded Portugal, defeating the troops of Anthony, Prior of Crato at the Battle of Alcântara and was crowned Philip I of Portugal by the Cortes of Tomar in 1581.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Alcazarquivir (1168 words)

	Battle of Roncevaux Pass information information - Search.com
		This battle was the last of Charlemagne's first campaign to capture Spain, an attempt that ended in failure.
		The death of Roland at the Battle of Roncevaux, from an illustrated manuscript c.1455-1460
		Over the years, this minor battle was romanticized by oral tradition into a major conflict between Christians and Muslims, when in fact both sides in the real battle were Christian.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Battle_of_Roncevaux_Pass (384 words)

	Where do I find Battle Of Alcazarquivir information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Battle of AlcÃ¡cer Quibir (variant spellings are legion: AlcÃ¡cer-Quivir, Al Quasr al-kibr, Alcazarquivir, Alcassar & so on, individual first-class palace in Arabic), and conscious as Battle of Three Kings, was a goodly confrontation fought in Morocco, warm the modern of Ksar-el-Kebir midway Tangier & Fez, on 4 August 1578.
		The Emir Abd Al-Malik and died while the battle, but from conventional springs (the deed of riding was as well for him), & the observation was concealed from their troops sheer upset had démodé secured.
		Philip II of Spain, a grandson of Manuel I of Portugal, invaded Portugal, defeating the troops of Anthony, Prior of Crato at the Battle of AlcÃ¢ntara & was crowned Philip I of Portugal by the Cortes of Tomar in 1581.
	en.card-lot.info /Battle_of_Alcazarquivir (1333 words)

	Other Information of- Berta von Suttner. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Battle of Alcazarquivir (variant spellings are legion: Alcácer-Quivir, Alcácer-Quibir, Al Quasr al-kibr, Alcassar and so on, meaning grand palace in Arabic language), also known as Battle of Three Kings, was a major battle fought in Morocco, near the modern town of Ksar-el-Kebir between Tangier and Fes, Morocco, on 4 August 1578.
		His brief reign (1578-1580) was devoted to attempting to raise the crippling ransoms for the survivors of the battle held captive in Morocco.
		Philip II of Spain, a grandson of Manuel I of Portugal invaded Portugal, defeating the troops of Anthony, Prior of Crato at the Battle of Alcântara (1580) and was crowned Philip I of Portugal by the Corte s of Tomar in 1581.
	berta.von.suttner.en.moneylist.info (1821 words)

	Informat.io on Battle Of Az Zallaqah
		The battle of az-Zallaqah الزلاقة (October 23, 1086) was a battle between the Almoravid Yusuf ibn Tashfin and Castilian King Alfonso VI.
		The first division was led by Abbad III al-Mu'tamid and consist of 15,000 warriors, the second division consist of 11,000 warriors lead by Yusuf ibn Tashfin and the third division were 4,000 fl African warriors with Indian swords and long javelins.
		Abbad III al-Mu'tamid and his division battled with Alfonso VI alone till the after noon, then Yusuf ibn Tashfin and his division joined the battle and circled Alfonso VI and his troops.
	www.informat.io /?title=Battle_of_az-Zallaqah (531 words)

	Battle of Ourique - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In this battle, the forces of Portuguese Prince Afonso Henriques (of the House of Burgundy) clashed against the Almoravid Moors lead by Emir Ali ibn Yusuf.
		Despite the fact that the Christian Portuguese forces were strongly outnumbered, the Muslim armies were weakened by internal leadership problems, and the victory for Afonso Henriques was such that he proclaimed himself King of Portugal as Afonso I with the overwhelming support of his troops, having vanquished and slain, so legend says, five Moorish kings.
		Immediately after the battle, King Afonso I of Portugal called for the first assembly of the estates-general of Portugal at Lamego, where he was given the Crown from the Bishop of Braga, to confirm the independence from the Kingdom of León and Castile.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Ourique (398 words)

	Portugal
		Shortly after Philip's accession, the Spanish forces were victorious over the French at the battles of Saint-Quentin (1557) and Gravelines (1558), and the 60-year war with France was concluded by the Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis (1559), which was highly favorable to Spain (see Cateau-Cambrésis, Treaty of).
		In the ensuing Battle of Gravelines (August 8) the English defeated the armada.
		Alcazarquivir, Battle of Battle 4 August 1578 between the forces of Sebastian, King of Portugal (1554- 1578), and those of the Berber kingdom of Fez.
	website.lineone.net /~johnbidmead/portugal.htm (7374 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		His first important victory was won in the Battle of Ourique, 1139, on a battlefield far south of '.
		With the Battle of Aljubarrota, the line of Aviz is solidly installed and the period of ‑Portuguese greatness begins.
		Outnumbered five to one by the Moroccans, the Portuguese went down in terrible defeat in the battle of Alcazarquivir.
	www.travelnet.co.il /Portugal/03-History.htm (4792 words)

	World History 1575-1600 AD
		Moroccans at the Battle of Alcazarquivir annihilated the Portuguese army.
		Henri II of Valoois and Henri of Guise, both Catholics, battled Henri of Navarre.
		Irish forces under the leadership of Hugh O’Neill, defeated the English at the Battle of Yellow River on August 14, 1598.
	www.multied.com /dates/1575ad.html (799 words)

	Home > Roosevelt Field, New York, NY, 11530, Roosevelt Field Real Estate, Roosevelt Field Yellow Pages, Roosevelt ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		In 1128, with the Battle of SÃ£o Mamede and the end of the civil war, the power was transferred to Afonso Henriques as the sole ruler as Prince of Portugal.
		With the Portuguese victory in the Battle of Aljubarrota in 1385, John I, half-brother of Ferdinand and natural son of Pedro I, confirmed the kingship which had been bestowed upon him at the Cortes of Coimbra in April 1385.
		John III was succeeded in 1557 by his grandson Sebastian, who died, aged 24 and childless, in the Battle of Alcazarquivir.
	www.rooseveltfieldnyus.com /info/Portuguese_monarchs (1874 words)

	Battle of Alarcos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Battle of Alarcos (July 18, 1195), was a battle between an alliance of Almohads led by Abu Yusuf Ya'qub al-Mansur and some Castilian cavalry led by Pedro Fernández de Castro versus King Alfonso VIII; also referred as the Disaster of Alarcos.
		He was determined to bar the enemy access to the rich Tajo valley, and in his haste he did not wait for the reinforcements the kings Alfonso IX of León and Sancho of Navarra were sending.
		The outcome of the battle threatened the stability of the Kingdom of Castile for some time.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Alarcos (1203 words)

	Battle of Alcazarquivir - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The Battle of Alcacer Quibir took place on August 4, 1578 by Alcazarquivir in Morrocco between the Portuguese army and the troops of the Moorish Sultan.
		The battle had been King Sebastião of Portugal's dream since he was a child.
		He wanted to fight the Moorish and submit them to Christianity.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Battle_of_Al_Kasr_al_Kebir (294 words)

	Ksar el Kebir - Ksar el Kebir
		The estimated population of the city was 107,065 as of 1994.
		The Plaza of Alcacer Quibir in Morocco was the place of one of the most tragic battles in history.
		On August 4, 1578, King Sebastião of Portugal went to battle against the Moors in what became known as the Battle of Alcazarquivir.
	www.meteoroloo.com /Met-Africa-E---K/Ksar-el-Kebir.html (103 words)

	CNN - Almanac - August 4, 1997
		In 1265, in the Second Barons' War in England, the Royalists under Prince Edward defeated the Barons under Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham.
		In 1578, a Portuguese attempt at an invasion of Morocco was thwarted at the Battle of Alcazarquivir.
		King Sebastian of Portugal, the King of Fez and the Moorish pretender to the throne of Fez were all killed.
	edition.cnn.com /almanac/9708/04 (710 words)

	swuklink: Searchable Time-Line (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Battle of Al Kasr al Kebir (Alcazarquivir or Alcácer Quibir); the Moroccans under Ahmed Mohammed of Fez rooute the Portuguese army; King Sebastian I of Portugal (1554-1578, r.
		Death at the Battle of Alcácer Quibir of the English adventurer Thomas Stucley, (Stukely or Stukeley, c.
		Death at the Battle of Alcazarquivir of Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I, Sultan of the Saadi Dynasty from 1576; succeeded by his brother Ahmad I al-Mansur (-d.
	www.swuklink.com /BAAAGDJA.php?tl=1578 (1172 words)

	All Empires History Forum: The Angle Bastion and Artillery
		Rather than battles in the open field, sieges became more common as defenders had confidence in their costly fortifications with angle bastions and large numbers of guns in position.
		Let's discuss battles, sieges, campaigns and the further changes that all this caused in Europe, both in the art of war and in society.
		Also, I would like to point out that artillery was used to devastating ends at the battle of Alcazarquivir in the late 1500s.
	www.allempires.com /forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=12483 (2688 words)

	The Spanish Armada - History Forum
		On the other hand,as the battle was cited referred to a certain context (why spanish were at Lisbon then),it must be this battle(the death of the portuguese king left as only heir an old man who advocated for the succession in Phillip II,as it finally happened).
		Abun-Nasr says that the battle of 4 Aug. 1578 was fought at the Wadi al-Makhazim.
		It is known as the "Battle of the Three Kings" because both of the Moroccan contenders, as well as the Portugese king, died.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=597 (3775 words)

	Henry I of Portugal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		He served as regent for his grand-nephew, D.
		Sebastião, after 1557, and then succeeded him as king after the disastrous Battle of Alcazarquivir in 1578.
		Henry renounced his clerical offices and sought to take a bride for the continuation of the Aviz dynasty, but it was too late.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/h/he/henry_i_of_portugal.html (216 words)

	A History of Africa, Chapter 6
		In this case half of the Europeans were lost in a battle in August 1542, and the younger da Gama was captured and executed.
		This showdown is known as the battle of Alcazarquivir or the battle of the three kings, because Sebastian, his puppet sultan Muhammad, and Abdul-Malik all died before it was over.
		Few battles have changed the course of history on two continents as abruptly as this one did.
	xenohistorian.faithweb.com /africa/af06.html (20933 words)

	Africa and Slavery 1500-1800 by Sanderson Beck
		Yet he, al-Mutawakkil, and Sebastian died in this famous "battle of the three kings" that was called the Battle of Wadi al-Makhazin by Muslim historians and the Battle of Alcazarquivir by Europeans.
		The Asante won the battle of Feyiase and captured Ntim Gyakari, whose successor Boadu Akefun swore to serve Asante.
		A bloody battle ensued in which Swartebooij and a hundred Khoisan were killed as hundreds of cattle were taken.
	www.san.beck.org /1-13-Africa1500-1800.html (22906 words)

	All Empires History Forum: Conquistadors in Africa
		I think the battle of Alcazarquivir in 1578 ended any colonial aspirations the Portuguese, and possibly the Spanish, in Africa.
		The Portuguese king, Sebastian, was killed in battle and nearly all of his 80,000 man army was killed or captured and sold into slavery.
		By the way, the 1578 battle was between the Portuguese and the Morrocans: an islamic power which cannot be compared to a state from Sub-Saharan Africa at the time, being almost equivalent in technology with the Europeans.
	www.allempires.com /forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=3869 (1749 words)

	Marokko
		The Almohad Empire declined after the defeat of the Moroccans by the Spanish at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212.
		By 1250 its power had completely collapsed and the country was plunged into bitter civil war between Arab and Berber factions, each of whom struggled for brief periods of supremacy.
		European encroachment began in 1415, when Portugal captured Ceuta, and ended with the Portuguese defeat at the battle of Alcazarquivir in 1578.
	www.angelfire.com /mo/SARACEN/Maroc.html (2065 words)

	CABRAL O VIAJANTE DO REI
		This is easily confirmed by the number of Scalabitan squires at the court of Prince Henry the Navigator in the 15th century, and by the numerous noble families involved in the wars against the Muslims in northern Africa during a considerable part of the 16th century.
		Among them were Dom Henrique de Meneses, who took part in the Azamor expedition (1513), and Dom Duarte de Meneses, who fought in the disastrous battle of Alcazarquivir (1578), where he served as General Commander.
		Santarém was rich in illustrious nobles directly linked to the administration of northern Africa, being the birthplace of three governors of Ceuta (Dom Pedro de Meneses, Dom Fernando de Meneses, and his son Dom Pedro de Meneses) and two captains of Tangier (both named Dom Duarte de Meneses).
	www.projetomemoria.art.br /PedroAlvaresCabral/revista5/casa1_5i.htm (458 words)

	World of Quotes - Today in History for August 4
		Battle at Evesham: English prince Edward beats Simon de Montfort
		Battle of Alcazarquivir, Moroccans defeat Portuguese, 10,000 killed
		Battle at Leignitz: Prussia beats Austria and Russia
	www.worldofquotes.com /history/8_4/1 (276 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > August 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		August 4 is the 216th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (217th in leap years), with 149 days remaining.
		1578 - Battle of Alcazarquivir[?], Moroccans defeat Portuguese.
		1873 - Battle of the Little Big Horn.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/au/August_4 (341 words)

	1570 to 1579 Wolrd History - Din Timelines
		The Battle of Imayama: Ôtomo troops are defeated by a Ryûzôji army led by Nabeshima Naoshige.
		Shimazu Yoshihisa defeats Ito Yoshisuke at the Battle of Kizakihara in Hyûga province.
		April Nobunaga is defeated by the Môri in the 1st Battle of Kizugawaguchi - a naval contest off the coast of settsu.
	din-timelines.com /1570-1579_timeline.shtml (1663 words)

	[No title]
		October 1573 - Battle of the Zuider Zee.
		King Sebastian of Portugal killed in battle of Alcazarquivir in Morocco.
		April 25, 1607 - Battle in Bay of Gibraltar.
	www.periclespress.com /Spain_chronol.html (1100 words)

	Summary and Evaluation of Middle East & Africa to 1875 by Sanderson Beck
		Before force was organized for warfare, women were very likely equal partners with men; mothers may even have been worshiped for their ability to bear children and nurture them.
		In a large battle against the Quraysh, Muhammad was wounded.
		After three kings were killed in the famous battle of Alcazarquivir in 1578, victorious Mawlay Ahmad (al-Mansur) ruled Morocco until 1603.
	www.san.beck.org /1-15-Summary.html (14077 words)

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