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Topic: Battle of Athens (1864)

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	New Georgia Encyclopedia: Athens
		Athens, home of the University of Georgia (UGA), is located along the north Oconee River in Clarke County, in the rolling Piedmont of northeast Georgia.
		Athens was a major gathering point for Confederate enlistees and a haven for refugees from active theaters of war.
		The Athens area grew rapidly during and after World War II (1941-45), and by 1980 the population of Athens and its suburbs was 62,896.
	www.georgiaencyclopedia.org /nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2210 (2386 words)

	Civilians, Soldiers, and the Sack of Athens, Alabama (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		What happened in Athens was an atrocity, by no means on the scale of My Lai or Lidice, but an arresting break with the image of Christian soldiering that had marked the initial year of the American Civil War and a step on the road toward making the conflict a total war.
		The incident at Athens is an example of how in the course of a war both politics and society become enmeshed in the escalating violence of the conflict.
		The sack of Athens, Alabama, seems mild in light of the recent civil war in the former Yugoslavia, yet, in the summer of 1862, the action was deeply shocking to American soldiers and civilians.
	www.lib.niu.edu /ipo/1997/iht429748.html (1892 words)

	Dixie Outfitters
		The battle raged for over 20 hours along the center of the Confederate line—the top of the inverted U—which became known as the "Bloody Angle." Lee's men eventually constructed a second line of defense behind the original Rebel trenches, and fighting ceased just before dawn on May 13.
		Battle of New Market, Virginia: Students from the Virginia Military Institute take part in the Battle of New Market, part of the multipronged Union offensive in the spring of 1864 designed to take Virginia out of the war.
		The courage of the VMI cadets at the Battle of New Market became legendary, and the pressure was temporarily off of the Rebels in the Shenandoah Valley.
	www.dixieoutfitters.com /heritage/tl4.shtml (2355 words)

	Alabama Civil War Trails
		The City of Athens was burned and looted by the Union troops in a raid by Colonel Turchin in May 1862.
		Union loyalists and Confederate secessionists were meeting on the field of battle to decide whether or not the country would continue as one or be broken in half over such issues as the rights of states and slave ownership.
		Several of these conflicts, the Battle of Days Gap and the Battle of Hog Moutain, took place in what was to become Cullman County.
	americancivilwar.50megs.com /AlaCWSites.html (3620 words)

	Timeline 1864-1866 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		1864 Feb 17, Confederate officer George Dixon used the submarine H.L. Hunley to sink the USS Housatonic in Charleston Harbor, S.C. 5 Union soldiers died on the Housatonic as did the 9-man crew of the Hunley as it soon sank.
		1864 Sep 14, Lord Robert Cecil, one of the founders of the League of Nations and its president from 1923 to 1945, was born.
		1864 Oct 9, At the Battle of Tom's Brook the Confederate cavalry that harassed Sheridan's campaign was wiped by Custer and Merrit's cavalry divisions.
	www.timelines.ws /1864_1866.HTML (14241 words)

	Timeline 1864-1866 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		1864 Feb 17, Confederate officer George Dixon used the submarine H.L. Hunley to sink the USS Housatonic in Charleston Harbor, S.C. 5 Union soldiers died on the Housatonic as did the 9-man crew of the Hunley as it soon sank.
		1864 Sep 14, Lord Robert Cecil, one of the founders of the League of Nations and its president from 1923 to 1945, was born.
		1864 Oct 9, At the Battle of Tom's Brook the Confederate cavalry that harassed Sheridan's campaign was wiped by Custer and Merrit's cavalry divisions.
	timelines.ws /1864_1866.HTML (14192 words)

	Funeral Services at the Burial of Leonidas Polk (1864) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The battle has been fought, the victory won, and the war-worn veteran is heralded by his vanquished enemy to his crown of righteousness.
		Battles which he fought long since with himself and his kind; which he waged against the pomps and vanities of the world and the pride of life; which he contested with the pestilence that walketh in darkness and the destruction that wasteth at noonday--were far more terrific than Belmont, or Shiloh, or Perryville.
		The mighty is fallen in the midst of the battle.
	anglicanhistory.org /usa/lpolk/funeral1864.html (6607 words)

	Iowa Battle Flag Preservation - Gallery A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		This flag was captured at the Battle of Athens on August 5, 1861, the first battle of the Civil War in which Iowa soldiers fought.
		Also, Joe Benning was watching the battle in front of his house when a cannon ball went through one wall of his house and out the other without injuring him.
		This battle led to the surrender of Santiago itself several weeks later that in turn led to the negotiations that ended the war.
	www.iowaflags.org /gallerya.html (971 words)

	The Battle of Olustee (Ocean Pond)
		Colonel Charles W. Fribley's 8th United States Colored Troops was thrust into the battle at the outset, and Lieutenant Colonel W.N. Reed's 35th United States Colored Troops of North Carolina fought alongside the 54th—both regiments having entered the fray near the end of the battle.
		This battle of the Florida Campaign would be the largest battle of the Civil War fought in the state.
		The Battle of Olustee, or Ocean Pond, on the 20th of February, will be long remembered by the Eighth, which suffered terribly in the conflict.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Aegean/6732/files/rgs_olustee.html (1447 words)

	American Civil War
		During the Battle of Nashville, the women and children huddled nervously in the cellar awaiting the outcome, Gen. Hood having relocated his headquarters to the west.
		Belle Meade was headquarters to Confederate Gen. James R. Chalmers of Nathan Bedford Forrest's cavalry command prior to the Battle of Nashville in December 1864.
		Critical action of the Battle of Nashville: It was at Shy's Hill on Dec. 16, 1864 during the Battle of Nashville that Federal troops finally broke the Confederate line on the left flank, resulting in a massive Rebel retreat and a decisive Union victory.
	americancivilwar.50megs.com /Hoods1864dtour03.html (5830 words)

	ATHENS, ALABAMA - SEPT. 23-24, 1864
		Returning to Athens toward nightfall the Federals became involved in a sharp skirmish.
		They charged two or three heavy lines of battle, drove them back in disorder and advanced to within 300 yards of the fort, which had surrendered not more than half an hour before.
		The surrender allowed Forrest to interpose a portion of his force between the fort and the rescuing party, thus compelling them to surrender after a hard fight of 3 hours' duration in which they had lost one-third of their number in killed and wounded.
	www.coax.net /people/lwf/ATHENS.HTM (489 words)

	The Battle of Athens
		In the spring of 1862, western Union forces followed their victory at the Battle of Shiloh with an advance into northern Alabama by an 8,000-man division commanded by Gen. Ormsby M. Mitchel.
		During the middle of April, the 18th Ohio had occupied the prosperous little Alabama town of Athens, whose population was about 900.
		The cavalrymen "were greeted with cheers and a waving of hats and handkerchiefs by the citizens on the square." Reports indicated that some of the townsfolk may have fired on the fleeing Yankees from the windows of their houses.
	www.mycivilwar.com /battles/620502.htm (388 words)

	The Civil War, Slavery, and Reconstruction in Missouri
		Battle of Wilson's Creek is covered in chapter 8, pp.301-331 and chapter 9, pp.331-363.
		Battle of Pilot Knob, Iron County, Missouri, 27 September 1864.
		The Battle of the Blue of the Second Regiment K.S.M., October 22,1864: The Fight, the Captivity, the Escape as Remembered by Survivors and Commemorated by the Gage Monument at Topeka, Kansas.
	library.puc.edu /heritage/bib-civilwarmissouri.html (11558 words)

	Books on Missouri
		Though he participated in only three battles (Prairie Grove, Pleasant Hill, and Jenkins' Ferry), Pinnell's diary is probably one of the most thorough recollections of Confederate Service west of the Mississippi River.
		The diary ends June 8, 1864 during the Atlanta Campaign, where Dunlap was severely wounded in the left arm (which he lost).
		Fresh research on another aspect of the Battle of Pilot Knob, concerning the execution of Major James Wilson and his men, the retaliation executions of the Confederates in St. Louis, and the planned retaliation execution of Major Enoch O. Wolf.
	www.camppope.com /miz.htm (3306 words)

	This Week in the Civil War April 17, 1864
		May we have many more such to refer to hereafter as part of the history of the campaign of 1864.
		The President directs that the negroes captured by our forces be turned over to you for the present, and he requests of you that if upon investigation you ascertain that any of them belong to citizens of North Carolina you will cause them to be restored to their respective owners.
		I removed her fine armament of eight 24-pounder guns and the most valuable stores, and had her burned to the water's edge.
	www.civilweek.com /1864/apr1764.htm (5034 words)

	Cold Harbor Battle Description
		The violence of the fire was caused by the large quantity of hay on board becoming ignited as soon as the fire burst from the lamp-room, and which might have just as well been so much alcohol as regards combustion.
		In the battle at Cold Harbor, June 1, STEVENS'S battery, belonging to the Sixth Corps, was so near the rebel lines that the soldiers nicknamed it " Battery Insult." It stirred up the rebels in a most aggravating manner, and was an excessively dangerous spot to be seen in.
		It was not merely the overwhelming front that came pressing down upon them—of that they had no fear—but the position they had gained placed them in advance of the whole line of battle, and gave the rebel artillery the opportunity for a deadly enfilading fire.
	www.sonofthesouth.net /leefoundation/civil-war/1864/june/battle-cold-harbor-description.htm (3121 words)

	Civil War Letters of E. T. Broughton, 7th Texas
		After his 1864 release from prison, Broughton traveled to Georgia where his regiment was engaged in the Campaign for Atlanta.
		On November 30, 1864, after Granbury was killed during the Battle of Franklin, Broughton took command of Granbury's Brigade for the remainder of the engagement.
		The fate of the Confederacy was sealed after the loss of the battles of Franklin and Nashville.
	battleofraymond.org /broughton.htm (944 words)

	State Historical Society of Iowa News Release
		The first is a Southern Rights flag, one that was handmade and discovered in the aftermath of the Battle of Athens (Mo.), apparently discarded in the Confederate retreat.
		Although this battle was a Confederate victory, it demonstrated to Iowa the ability of its soldiers, who held their own against 2-to-1 odds.
		As part of the Battle Flag Preservation Project, the flag cases at the State Capitol have been renovated with new flooring, new doors, lighting and HVAC systems and sensors to provide security and climactic controls needed for the flags to be safely exhibited.
	www.state.ia.us /iowahistory/contacts/news_release/2004/two_more_battle_flags_on_display.htm (640 words)

	Hargrett Library Rare Map Collection - American Civil War
		Map of the battle ground of Greenbrier River.
		Sketch of the country occupied by the Federal and Confederate armies on the 18th and 21st of July 1861.
		Topographical sketch of the battle of Bethel, June 10th 1861.
	www.libs.uga.edu /darchive/hargrett/maps/civil.html (292 words)

	Catoosa County Chamber Of Commerce
		Chickamauga was a victory for the Confederates but it took four days to gather their wounded from the field of battle.
		Patrick Cleburne and 4,000 men were given the job of trying to keep the Union at bay until the Confederates could regroup at Tunnel Hill and Dalton.
		From November 1863 until May 1864, the fighting stopped while both sides built up their supplies and rested.
	www.gatewaytogeorgia.com /catoosa/catoosa.php (2468 words)

	History1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		06/20/1864 Battle of Kinston NC & Battle of Abingdon VA 06/20/1864 Battle of Petersburgs VA - in trenches
		09/18/1864 Battle of Martinsburg WV 09/19/1864 3rd Battle of Winchester Virginia (Opequon, 3rd Winchester)
		12/13/1864 Battle of Ft McAllister, GA 12/15/1864 Battle of Nashville, TN 12/15/1864 Raid on Stoneman: Abingdon & Glade Springs, VA 12/16/1864 Battle of Nashville
	www.homestead.com /dckop/History1.html (1838 words)

	.: Sant Eco Travel in Zakynthos :.
		The life of a Zakynthian was a continual battle for survival and development, a battle that was always armed with an unbeatable spiritual energy.
		In the days of Ancient Greece the leadership changed many times between Athens and Sparta, then came the turn of the Macedonians and later the Romans, the Byzantines, the Franks and the Turks who wiped out every trace of life.
		The murderous epidemics of cholera, plague and small pox wiped out large numbers of the population, and the earthquakes razed buildings to the ground destroying a rare civilization and culture.
	www.sant-eco.com /english/zakynthos.htm (300 words)

	Missouri Civil War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Site along the Iowa border in extreme northeast Missouri was the scene of the battle of August 5, 1861.
		The Battle of Athens was the northern-most battle fought in the American Civil War.
		Scene of the Battle of Belmont, U.S. Grant's first battle (November 7,1861), is marked by an interpretive panel located at the river at the east end of State highway 80.
	www.mocivilwar.org /history/battles.php (117 words)

	WHMC-Columbia--American Civil War--COLLECTION DESCRIPTIONS
		Battles of Camp Jackson, Wilson's Creek and Springfield, and Sherman's march to the sea.
		Sterne was mortally wounded in the Battle of Corinth, 4 October 1862, and died 17 October 1862.
		He talks of the horrors of the battle near Murphreesboro and predicts a greater one in Chattanooga, where he expects to be sent.
	www.umsystem.edu /whmc/invent/desc-civilwar.html (13644 words)

	GeorgiaInfo - Carl Vinson Institute of Government
		On Nov. 15, 1864, [Union] Maj. Gen. W.T. Sherman left Atlanta on his devastating "march to the Sea." His force divided into two wings and feinted toward Macon and Augusta while on their way to the capital at Milledgeville.
		Hardee realized the move toward Macon was a feint and ordered [Confed.] General Gustavus W. Smith with his Georgia Militia, the Athens and Augusta Defense Battalions and two regiments of the Georgia State Line to protect Augusta and its valuable industries and arsenal.
		The Confederates passed through the still smoldering Griswoldville, set afire by [Union] cavalry the day before, and saw the first real results of the devastation being wrought upon their homeland.
	www.cviog.uga.edu /Projects/gainfo/gahistmarkers/battlegriswoldhistmarker.htm (229 words)

	Missouri Civil War
		Site along the Iowa border in extreme northeast Missouri was the scene of the battle of August 5, 1861.
		The Battle of Athens was the northern-most battle fought in the American Civil War.
		Scene of the Battle of Belmont, U.S. Grant's first battle (November 7,1861), is marked by an interpretive panel located at the river at the east end of State highway 80.
	old.mocivilwar.org /history/battles.php (117 words)

	Nashville, Tennessee
		Nashville was founded in 1779 during the American Revolution (1775-1783) and named in honor of Brigadier General Francis Nash, mortally wounded two years earlier in the Battle of Germantown.
		The population of the city bulged with soldiers, runaway slaves, and wartime entrepreneurs.
		The Confederate Army unsuccessfully attempted to take the city from the Union Army in the Battle of Nashville in December 1864, the last significant offensive action taken by the South.
	www.thecityofnashville.com (1756 words)

	Georgia Civil War Battle Atlanta American Civil War
		Following the Battle of Peachtree Creek, Hood determined to attack Major General James B. McPherson's Army of the Tennessee.
		The casual reader may find the quantity of information contained in Red Clay to Richmond somewhat daunting, but a reader possessed with a working knowledge of the war's people, places, and battles, will find this book to be an excellent synopsis of the war role of the 35th Georgia.
		From the first conflict under General Nathan Bedford Forrest at Murfreesboro in 1862 to the desperate and often brutal battles with Union cavalry in the Carolinas during 1865, the Second Georgia was almost constantly in action.
	americancivilwar.com /statepic/ga/ga017.html (743 words)

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