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	Bautzen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bautzen may be regarded as the unofficial capital of Upper Lusatia, and it is a cultural center of the Sorbs, a Slavic minority.
		In 1018 the Peace of Bautzen was signed between the German king Henry II and the Polish prince Boleslaus I.
		During the Middle Ages it was a member of the Six Cities' Alliance of the Upper Lusatian cities of Görlitz, Zittau, Löbau, Kamenz, Lauban and Bautzen.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bautzen (592 words)

	Battle of Leipzig - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Battle of Leipzig (October 16-19, 1813), also called the Battle of the Nations, was the largest conflict in the Napoleonic Wars and the most decisive defeat suffered by Napoleon Bonaparte.
		The battle began on the 16th with an attack by 78,000 Allied troops from the south and 54,000 from the north, they achieved little and were soon forced back.
		The course of the battle in the city of Leipzig is marked by numerous monuments and the 45 Apel-stones that mark important lines of the French and allied troops.
	marylandheights.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Battle_of_Leipzig (665 words)

	Battle of Bautzen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Bautzen was fought on May 21, 1813, and resulted in a French victory by Napoléon Bonaparte over the Kingdom of Prussia under Count Gebhard von Blucher and Imperial Russia under Prince Peter Wittgenstein.
		Finally, generals Wittgenstein and Blucher were ordered to stop at Bautzen by Tsar Alexander I and König Frederick William III.
		To make matters worse, during the battle, Napoleon's close friend and Aide-de-camp, General Geraud Duroc, was killed in the fighting.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Bautzen (465 words)

	Probert Encyclopaedia: Battles (1800-1849) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Battle of Bautzen was a French victory in the Napoleonic Wars over a combined Russian and Prussian force on the 20th and 21st of May 1813, at Bautzen, about 40 km north-west of Dresden.
		The Battle of Busaco was fought between English and Portuguese armies under the Duke of Wellington and the French under Marshal Andre Massena on the 27th of September 1810 during the Peninsular War.
		The Battle of Dresden was a French victory in battle for control of the German city of Dresden during the Napoleonic wars.
	www.probertencyclopaedia.com /FB2.HTM (3163 words)

	ETIENNE MAURICE, COUNT GERARD - LoveToKnow Article on ETIENNE MAURICE, COUNT GERARD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		He distinguished himself at the battles of Austerlitz and Jena, and was made general of brigade in November 1806, and for his conduct in the battle of Wagram he was created a baron.
		In the Spanish campaign of 1810 and 1811 he gained special distinction at the battle of Fuentes dOnor; and in the expedition to Russia he was present at Smolensk and Valutina, and displayed such bravery and ability in the battle of Borodino that he was made general.of division.
		In this capacity Gerard took a brilliant part in the battle of Ligny (see WATERLOO CAMPAIGN), and on the morning of the 18th of June he was foremost in advising Marshal Grouchy to march to the sound of the guns.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /G/GE/GERARD_ETIENNE_MAURICE_COUNT.htm (506 words)

	CHAPTER XI. - WAR OF LIBERATION, TO THE PEACE OF PARIS.
		It was accordingly determined to unite all the divisions of the army with Bluecher on the west of Leipzig, and to attack the French as soon as they descended from the hilly country of the Saale, and began their march across the Saxon plain.
		Seventy thousand of the French were thrown upon fifty thousand of the Allies; the battle was fought in village streets and gardens, where cavalry were useless; and at the close of the day, though the losses on each side were equal, the Allies were forced from the positions which they had gained.
		Next morning began that vast and decisive encounter known in the language of Germany as "the battle of the nations," the greatest battle in all authentic history, the culmination of all the military effort of the Napoleonic age.
	www.globusz.com /ebooks/Europe/00000022.htm (11773 words)

	Demi-Solde Press Cathcart
		Commencement of the Retreat to the Passage of the Dnieper at Orcha.
		Period from the battle of Kulm, the end of August, 1813, till the general combination and preparatory movement for the decisive campaign of Leipzig in October, during which interval the Allies’ head-quarters remained at Toplitz.
		Battle between the Army of General Blucher and the Corps of Marmont to the northward of Leipzig, on the 16
	www.demisoldepress.com /cathcart.htm (1770 words)

	Battle of Bautzen - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Battle of Bautzen was fought on May 21, 1813, and resulted in a French victory under Napoléon Bonaparte against the Kingdom of Prussians and Russians.
		Hours of intense and heated fighting saw the French overpowering the first defensive lines and seizing the town of Bautzen and the Prusso-Russians appeared to be buckling.
		In the battle, Napoleon's close friend and Aid-de-camp, General Geraud Duroc, was killed in the fighting.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Battle_of_Bautzen (397 words)

	Michael Andreas Barclay de Tolly (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In the war of 1806 against Napoleon, Barclay took a distinguished part in the Battle of Pultusk (December 1806) and was wounded at the Battle of Eylau (7 February 1807), where his conduct won him promotion to the rank of lieutenant-general.
		Barclay was present at the Battle of Borodino (7 September 1812), but left the army soon afterwards.
		After the Battle of Bautzen (21 May 1813) he once again became commander-in-chief of the Russian forces, and in this capacity he served at Dresden (26 - 27 August 1813), Kulm (29 - 30 August 1813) and Leipzig (16 - 19 October 1813).
	www.theezine.net /m/michael-andreas-barclay-de-tolly.html (391 words)

	Bautzen : Battle of Bautzen : Napoleonic Wars : Napoleon Bonaparte
		Continuing their retreat from the mauling at Lutzen, the Prusso-Russian army of generals Wittgenstein and Blucher was finally ordered to halt at Bautzen by Tsar Alexander and King William Frederick III.
		By nightfall, the French were ready to cut the defenders off from their line of retreat but Ney became confused and his faulty positioning left the door open for the Allies to escape.
		While Bautzen was a success for Bonaparte it was not a decisive result.
	www.napoleonguide.com /battle_bautzen.htm (310 words)

	Taken from Web Site: http://www (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Battle of Caldera Bay occurred during the civil war in Chile in 1891 and was fought between the Congressionalist ironclad Blanco Encalada and the Balmacedist torpedo gunboats Almirante Lynch and Almirante Condell who torpedoed the ironclad amidships and sank her in two minutes.
		The Battle of Culloden was a defeat in 1746 of the Jacobite rebel army of the British prince Charles Edward Stuart (the 'Young Pretender') by the Duke of Cumberland on a stretch of moorland in Inverness‑shire, Scotland.
		The Battle of Navas de Tolosa was fought in 1212 between Yakub Almansur of the Almohades and the kings of Aragon, Castile and Navarre.
	www.israelect.com /reference/WillieMartin/Famous_Battles.htm (14064 words)

	Laskey's Napoleonic Medals CXXXIII
		On the 18th, Bonaparte left Dresden, and arrived before Bautzen on the 19th, at 10 o'clock in the morning; after which, he employed the remainder of the day in reconnoitering the position of the allies.
		The battle of Bautzen being the prelude to the battle of Wurtschen.
		At eleven, the Duke of Treviso advanced 1000 toises from his position, and engaged in a dreadful cannonade before all the redoubts and entrenchments of the allies, and by the manoeuvres of the French they were kept in a state of uncertainty respecting the real point of attack.
	www.napoleonicmedals.org /coins/l-133.htm (304 words)

	Bautzen, Battle of - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Bautzen, Battle of (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Three French corps crossed the River Spree 20 May and took Bautzen and a ridge of hills.
		The combined armies counterattacked 21 May and succeeded in pushing the French back some distance but were then struck by Ney.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Bautzen,+Battle+of (259 words)

	Watches-Austerlitz 1805- The Fate of Empires -Campaign Series, 2- (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On 14 October the double battle was fought: Napoleon with 96,000 men and 120 guns engaged and heavily defeated Prince Hohenlohe and General...
		Indeed Wagram – the largest battle in history at the time – was Napoleon's revenge for his first personal defeat on the battlefield – at Aspern – Essling.
		The battle of Leipzig was, in terms of the number of combatants involved, the largest engagement of the entire Napoleonic Wars.
	www.minihttpserver.net /z_watches/A_austerlitz_1805_the_-1841761362.htm (2021 words)

	Napoleon in Germany - the campaigns of 1806 and 1813 battlefield tour
		In a lightning campaign in October 1806, Napoleon split her armies and decisively defeated her at the twin battles of Jena and Auerstadt and relentlessly pursued her to the shores of the Baltic.
		The massive battle of Leipzig, fought over three days between 16 and 18 October 1813, is the subject of our last full day in Germany.
		The “Battle of the Nations”, as it is known, was fought on a huge scale and cost over 100,000 casualties in total.
	www.midastours.co.uk /t037a.html (658 words)

	CONK! Encyclopedia: 1813 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		June 6 - War of 1812: Battle of Stoney Creek - A British force of 700 under John Vincent defeat an American force three times its size under William Winder and John Chandler.
		June 21 - Peninsular War: Battle of Vittoria - A British, Spanish, and Portuguese force of 78000 with 96 guns under Wellington defeats a French force of 58000 with 153 guns under Joseph Bonaparte to end the Peninsular War.
		October 24-November 5 - Persia and Russia sign the Gulistan Treaty of 1813 at the end of the first Russo-Persian Wars (1804-1813) by which Persia (Iran) loses all its territories to the north of Aras River to the Russians.
	www.conk.com /search/encyclopedia.cgi?q=1813 (780 words)

	bautzen
		Bautzen is a city in the east of Saxony, Germany, and capital of the same-named district.
		Bautzen is the center of the Sorbs, a Slavic minority in Lusatia.
		In 1018 the Peace of Bautzen between the German city and the Polish duchy was signed.
	www.fact-library.com /bautzen.html (89 words)

	Histoire et Figurines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The battle of Bautzen (May 20, and 21 1813) takes place during the campaign of Germany of 1813.
		After having detached Ney with 60 000 men on Torgau, to threaten Berlin, he goes with the remainder of his forces against the enemy which, close to Bautzen, has entrenched in a formidable position where Frederic II had already fought with advantage.
		Oudinot, on the right, crosses Sprée with Sinkwitz to attract the attention of the Allies on their left; but this is in the center that is delivered the true battle: Macdonald and Marmont cross the Sprée, seize Bautzen and, the evening, the line of Sprée belongs to them.
	www.histofig.com /history/empire/batailles/english/bautzen_en.html (550 words)

	Encyclopedia: Battle of Bautzen
		May 21 is the 141st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (142nd in leap years).
		The Kingdom of Prussia existed from 1701 until 1918, and from 1871 was the leading kingdom of the German Empire, comprising in its last form almost two-thirds of the area of the Empire.
		Battle of Leipzig 1813 - the biggest battle of Napoleonic Wars
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Battle_of_Bautzen (472 words)

	Battle of Leipzig - Enpsychlopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The battle began on the 16th of October with an attack by 78,000 Allied troops from the south and 54,000 from the north, with Napoleon using the bulk of his army in the south.
		Napoleon saw that the battle was a lost cause and on the night of the 18th-19th began to withdraw the majority of his army across the river Elster.
		The battle ended the First French Empire's presence east of the Rhine and brought a number of German states over to the Coalition.
	www.grohol.com /psypsych/Battle_of_Leipzig (799 words)

	Encyclopedia [Definition] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		July 29 - Battle of Gravelines: The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard a...
		January 1 - The first claim under the Homestead Act is made for a farm in Nebraska January 8 - Ground is broken in Sacramento, CA on the construction of the First Transcontinental Railroad in the United States.
		January 8 - Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle with the United States Cavalry (Montana) January 20 - Ottoman Turkey rejects proposals of internal reform and Balkan provisions - Conference of Constantinople ends March 2 - U.S. presidential election, 1876: The United States declares Rutherford B. Hayes the winner of the electio...
	www.wikimirror.com /encyclopedia (13785 words)

	Entire PG Memoirs of Napoleon, The
		The evening before the battle of Bautzen he retired very late, after visiting all the military posts, and, having given all necessary orders, slept profoundly.
		But the battle was not over even then; and after a succession of encounters, always ending in our favor, although hotly contested, the Emperor, at nine o'clock in the evening, returned to headquarters, took a light repast, and remained with Prince Berthier until midnight.
		Although the result was decided, the battle was continued until five o'clock in the evening.
	manybooks.net /pages/anonetext03napol11/2058.html (235 words)

	1000 anniversary of my hometown Bautzen
		Bautzen is one of the biggest cities of th region with its some 5000 inhabitants - bigger than Dresden those days
		During the war Bautzen is besieged by Saxon troops (1620) and Swedish troops (1639), Wallenstein's troops march through this region (1633), Colonel von der Golz conquers Bautzen and on his orders it is set on fire (1634)
		April, 1945, the "Red Army" and Polish troops try to conquer the city, Bautzen is declared a fortress and capitulation refused.
	www.mundra.de /history.htm (625 words)

	Yoga Darsana Institute \| Current Shop - Lutzen and Bautzen 1813: The Turning Point (Campaign, 87)
		The Battles of Lutzen and Bautzen were the baptism of fire for Napoleon's newly raised army of 1813, which replaced the wreck of the Grande Armee of 1812, lost in Russia.
		Napoleon's plan for the Battle of Bautzen was excellent and only sloppy execution by Marshal Ney prevented another Austerlitz-style triumph.
		Compare these two maps with other standard maps of the Battle of Bautzen and it is amazing how much detail was left out.
	www.yogadarsana.org /buy-1855329948.html (1940 words)

	Recollections of Marshal Macdonald
		He eventually joined the army and fought with distinction in Holland and Italy before being unfairly disgraced and retired from service before the start of the Empire in 1804.
		He was later restored to favor and quickly earned the only battlefield commission for the rank of Marshal as a reward for his rescue of the French Army's left flank at the 1809 Battle of Wagram.
		Battle of Arcis—On the Marne—Battle of St. Dizier—Before Vitry— An Unlucky Misprint—Return towards Paris—The Approaching End.
	wtj.com /archives/macdonald (396 words)

	Napoleon And Blucher by L. Muhlbach (Luise) eBook by BookRags
		Napoleon had offered an armistice to the allies prior to the battle of Bautzen; they rejected it, full of confidence in their strength.
		After the battle of Bautzen, the offer was repeated, and accepted.
		But Napoleon, deceived by his victories, relying on his good luck, and on the mistakes of his enemies, was fully satisfied that this armistice was but the forerunner of peace; and that the allies, warned by the two lost battles, would be eager to accept any peace not altogether dishonorable.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/3801/250.html (459 words)

	Amazon API Demo - Books - Leipzig 1813: The Battle of the Nations (Campaign, No 25) - Chris Codes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It is well described of the battles leading up to leipzig and the leipzig battle its self.
		As mentioned by another reviewer, there is an outstanding order of battle which is very helpful given the number of leaders on hand for this conflict.
		The orders of battle are exhaustive and accurate, and are useful for both historians and wargamers.
	www.chriscodes.com /store/detail/books/related_result/Book/1855323540 (761 words)

	Prince Mikhail Barclay de Tolly
		Barclay was present at the Battle of Borodino, left the army soon afterward, and was recalled in 1813 for service in Germany.
		After the Battle of Bautzen he was made commander in chief of the Russian forces, and after the Battle of Leipzig he received the title of count from the emperor Alexander I. Barclay took part in the invasion of France in 1814 and while in Paris was promoted to field marshal.
		In 1815 he was commander in chief of the Russian army that invaded France after Napoleon's return from Elba.
	www.electricscotland.com /history/russia/barclay_detolly.htm (264 words)

	Richard Denning's Napoleonic Wars Site
		This page is devoted to the playing of Wargames using the rules Napoleonic Principles of War.
		Battle of Aspern Essling refight at Triples in April 2004.
		This is all old and in many cased out of date stuff.
	www.btinternet.com /~r.denning/npow/wargames.htm (203 words)

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