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Topic: Battle of Berezina

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	Battle of Maloyaroslavets - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Maloyaroslavets took place on October 24, 1812, between the Russians, under Marshal Kutuzov, and part of the corps of Eugène de Beauharnais, Napoleon's stepson, under General Delzons which numbered about 20,000 strong.
		The French claimed a victory, but it was a Russian strategic success, for now wishing to avoid battle, Napoleon changed his line of march to the north, through Mozhaisk and Smolensk, the route of his advance that he had wished to avoid.
		This article about a battle of the Napoleonic Wars is a stub.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Maloyaroslavets (337 words)

	Battle of Warsaw (1920) - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Battle of Warsaw (sometimes referred to as the Miracle at the Vistula, Polish Cud nad Wisłą) was the decisive battle of the Polish-Bolshevik War (also known as the Polish-Soviet War), the war that began soon after the end of World War I in 1918 and lasted until the Treaty of Riga in 1921.
		The Battle of Warsaw was fought between 13 and 25 August, 1920, as Red Army forces commanded by Mikhail Tukhachevski approached the Polish capital of Warsaw and the nearby Modlin Fortress.
		Soviet propaganda before the Battle of Warsaw had described the fall of Poland's capital as imminent, and the anticipated fall of Warsaw was to be a signal for the start of a large-scale communist revolution in Poland, Germany and other European countries, economically devastated from the First World War.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Battle_of_Warsaw_(1920) (3299 words)

	Napoleonic Wars - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Desaix died in the battle and Napoleon later commemorated his bravery by building monuments to him and including his name in the list of generals engraved on the face of the Arc de Triomphe.
		At the Battle of Leipzig in Saxony (October 16–19, 1813), also called the "Battle of the Nations", 191,000 French fought more than 450,000 Allies, and the French were defeated and forced to retreat into France.
		The start of the Battle of Waterloo on the morning of June 18 1815 was delayed for several hours as Napoleon waited until the ground had dried from the previous night's rain.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Napoleonic_wars (6437 words)

	Berezina River - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Berezina (alternative spelling Beresina) (Belarusian: Бярэ́зіна) is a river in Belarus and a tributary of the Dnieper River.
		Since then, "Berezina" is used in French as a synonym of catastrophe.
		Charles XII of Sweden's army crossed the Berezina on June 25, 1708 during his campaign against Peter the Great of Russia in the Great Northern War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Berezina_River (139 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : 1812 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		September 7 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Borodino - Napoleon defeats the Russian army of Alexander I near the village of Borodino.
		October 13 - War of 1812: Battle of Queenston Heights - On the Niagara frontier in Ontario, Canada, United States forces under General Stephen Van Rensselaerof are repulsed from invading Canada by British and native troops led by Sir Isaac Brock (although he dies during the battle).
		October 24 - Napoleonic Wars - Battle of Maloyaroslavets - an indecisive encounter between the French vanguard and a Russian force leads Napoleon to decide to retreat along the same line as his advance, with disastrous results.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /1812 (843 words)

	Berezina River - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Berezina river (alternative spelling "Beresina") (Belarusian: Бярэ́зіна) is a river in Belarus, a tributary of the Dnepr river.
		Napoleon Bonaparte's army suffered big losses when crossing Berezina in November 1812, retreating from Russia (see Napoleon's invasion of Russia).
		Charles XII of Sweden army crossed Berezina on June 25, 1708 where he won first major battle with Peter the Great but eventually lost the war at Poltava.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Berezina_River (197 words)

	Napoleonic Wars @ Nelson.y2u.co.uk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Napoleon was an innovator in the use of mobility to offset numerical disadvantages, as he brilliantly demonstrated in his rout of the Austro-Russian forces in 1805 in the Battle of Austerlitz.
		At the Battle of Leipzig in Saxony (October 16-19, 1813), also called the "Battle of the Nations", 191,000 French fought more than 450,000 Allies, and the French were defeated and forced to retreat into France.
		Grouchy failed and although he engaged and defeated the Prussian rearguard under the command of Lt-Gen. von Thielmann in the Battle of Wavre (18-19 June), the rest of the Prussian army "marched towards the sound of the guns" at Waterloo.
	nelson.y2u.co.uk /NL-Napoleonic-Wars.htm (5858 words)

	Battle of Berezina
		Throughout the many days of the battle, Eblé and many others had urged the camp followers to cross when the soldiers were not crossing, but thousands did not take advantage of these lulls in traffic over the bridge.
		The Battle of the Berezina was a huge strategic success for the French army, as many did not expect to make it out of Russia alive.
		Unfortunately, the battle had worst costs than many others, as so many of the camp followers died, and Eblé himself was dead within a few weeks from his exertions.
	www.napoleonic-officers.net /web/battles/berezina.html (1244 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - Napoleon I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The indecisive battle at Eylau (Feb. 8, 1807; now Bagrationovsk) was made good by Napoleon at Friedland (June 14), and Russia submitted.
		By the treaties of Tilsit (July, 1807; see Sovetsk), King Frederick William III of Prussia lost half of his territories and became a vassal to France; Russia recognized the Grand Duchy of Warsaw, created from Prussian Poland, and other territorial changes.
		At the Battle of the Nations at Leipzig (Oct. 16-19), Napoleon was forced to retreat.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/N/Napoleon1.asp (2480 words)

	Napoleon's Marshals quiz -- free game
		He fought at the Battle of Austerlitz and was awarded the Grand Eagle of the Legion of Honour.
		In 1812, he was appointed Commander of the III Corps of the Grand Army and fought at the Battles of Krasnoe, Smolensk and Borodino.
		He was later Commander of the rearguard of the retreating army in place of Marshal Davout and fought at the Battle of Berezina.
	www.funtrivia.com /playquiz.cfm?qid=30046 (1142 words)

	P.C.VITGETSTEIN
		In the battle at Kliastitsy the 2nd battalion of Pavlovsky's grenadier regiment distinguished itself most of all.
		After entering the Allies into France he was defeated in the Nancy battle and in the battle at Bar Sur Aube (February,15, 1814) he was heavily wounded.
		In 1818 he was appointed the commander of the 2-nd Army and in the beginning of the Turkish war he was a Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in the Europian part of Turkey, but in 1829 he was dismissed for reasons for health.
	www.100megsfree4.com /rusgeneral/vitgen.htm (621 words)

	The State Hermitage Museum: Exhibitions
		When withdrawing from Russia, Napoleon did all he could to avoid battles and moved rapidly westwards along the Smolensk road that was devastated by the war and subject to attacks by partisans.
		Kutuzov himself did not hurry to reach the Berezina, believing that without him there were already sufficient forces to annihilate the French army.
		General Yermolov who saw the Berezina in the aftermath of the battle recalled that across the entire expanse of water, beneath the clear ice, one could see the frozen remains of men and horses, carts and the like.
	www.hermitagemuseum.org /html_En/12/b2003/hm12_3_2_5_5_1.html (644 words)

	1812 Encyclopedia Articles @ KarrNet.com (Karr Net) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		July 18 - Russia's Patriotic War: Battle of Klyastitsy - Kulnev defeats Oudinot but sustains a mortal wound.
		October - The Capital of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States was permanently moved from Lancaster to Harrisburg.
		October 13 - War of 1812: Battle of Queenston Heights - As part of the Niagara campaign in Ontario, Canada, United States forces under General Stephen Van Rensselaer are repulsed from invading Canada by British and native troops led by Sir Isaac Brock (although he dies during the battle).
	www.karrnet.com /encyclopedia/1812 (915 words)

	The McGill University Napoleon Collection
		Battle of Austerlitz, also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors.
		Battle of Ciudad-Rodrigo (English forces led by Wellington).
		Battle of Paris (Montmartre), and Fall of Paris.
	digital.library.mcgill.ca /napoleon/english/timeline-full.htm (1072 words)

	Napoleon's Invasion of Russia
		September 7, 1812, is by itself one of the most cataclysmic days in the history of war: 74,000 casualties at the Battle of Borodino.
		Also included are complete orders of battle and detailed descriptions of the opposing forces.
		The amount of interesting maps, the amount of Orders of Battles, the amount of informations, the objectivity, the professionalism of the author....just one of the best books ever on Napoleonics.
	www.zooscape.com /cgi-bin/maitred/WhitePulp/isbn0891416617 (358 words)

	Engelsons at Berezina (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In November of 1812 French army was crushed in the battle under Krasnov and found itself entrapped near town Borisov.
		The French had to cross Berezina, but on the other side of the river admiral Chichagoff was waiting for them with his army.
		While Chichagoff was waiting for them in the south, the French crossed over river Berezina and out of the admiral's trap.
	www.ida.liu.se /~vaden/engelson/berezina.html (554 words)

	HIS 241 Aleksandr I CTE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		There the French and Russian armies met in the Battle of Borodino on 26 August (7 September), the bloodiest single day of battle of the Napoleonic wars.
		At the end of the long day of battle, the Russians were still on the field of battle.
		Battle of Borodino, a really detailed account of the unit maneuvers during the battle.
	novaonline.nv.cc.va.us /eli/evans/HIS241/Remarks/Alexander1CTE.html (1955 words)

	The State Hermitage Museum: Exhibitions
		On 26 August that year, by the village of Borodino, the greatest battle between the French and Russian armies took place.
		The French captured them at the cost of great losses, but Napoleon was unable to build on this and recalled his troops to their starting positions.
		In the middle of November 1812 the Russian forces encircled Napoleon's army on the River Berezina.
	www.hermitagemuseum.org /html_En/12/b2003/hm12_3_2_5_5.html (142 words)

	Napoleon's Russian Campaign
		The operational choices of each side result in a tactical battle that is fought on maps of varying size at a scale of 1 hex= 100 yards.
		Depending on the choices both sides make it is possible that the campaign could end with the first battle if a decisive outcome is achieved.
		These battles vary from small rearguard actions to large pitched battles depending on the choices made by the player.
	hist-sdc.com /nrc (641 words)

	Dominique-Jean Larrey: Napoleon's Surgeon from Egypt to Waterloo
		In 1792, at the time revolutionary France was battling the First Coalition, Larrey became a field doctor with the rank of Major of the Army of the Rhine.
		At the Battle of the Berezina during the disastrous retreat from Russia, he performed 300 more amputations.
		An interesting account of a woman who underwent a mastectomy by the Baron at her home in 1810, recently appeared in the surgical literature.(4) Noteworthy in the account is the woman's adoration for her surgeons, especially Dr. Larrey, despite her ordeal (no anesthesia) and in turn, the Baron's compassion for his patient.
	www.haciendapub.com /jmag2.html (1649 words)

	The Battle of Borodino (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Russians - now led by Kutuzov - had slightly fewer men and were not as experienced soldiers but they were better nourished, had more guns and had had time to prepare their positions.
		The main battle took place on September 7, at the end of which day both sides declared victory.
		Kutuzov at first wanted to continue battle the next day but decided to withdraw as his army was short of ammunition and food.
	www.ddg.com /LIS/InfoDesignF97/paivir/napo/borodino.html (214 words)

	War and Peace, by Leo Tolstoy (chapter231)
		On the evening of the twenty-sixth of August, Kutuzov and the whole Russian army were convinced that the battle of Borodino was a victory.
		It was impossible to give battle before information had been collected, the wounded gathered in, the supplies of ammunition replenished, the slain reckoned up, new officers appointed to replace those who had been killed, and before the men had had food and sleep.
		And meanwhile, the very next morning after the battle, the French army advanced of itself upon the Russians, carried forward by the force of its own momentum now seemingly increased in inverse proportion to the square of the distance from its aim.
	etext.library.adelaide.edu.au /t/tolstoy/leo/t65w/chapter231.html (803 words)

	Against the Odds
		Napoleon at the Berezina is a solitaire game of the last major action of the 1812 campaign.
		Disintegrating as it moved along, the French army was faced with total destruction if the three converging Russian armies caught the French army with its back against the Berezina River.
		The solitaire rules combine a set of parameters for movement, with a system for authorizing Russian movement and other actions via a track that monitors overall Russian morale and successes to date to assist the player in running a challenging automaton.
	www.atomagazine.com /game_01-4.html (274 words)

	The Bridges that Éblé built (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Shown here are the French and Russian army dispositions in the Studianka/Borisov area as the Berezina bridges were being built.
		Since being pushed back across the Berezina River by Oudinot, Russian General Chichagov had been idle on the west bank opposite the town of Borisov, having burned its bridge before giving up the crossing.
		Paintings of General Éblé and the Berezina crossing courtesy of The French Army Museum, Paris.
	www.wtj.com /articles/berezina/berezina2.htm (171 words)

	TheHistoryNet Discussion Forums: Would the Battle of Austerlitz have had a different outcome if ...
		While I don’t really have a good grasp on the battle’s details, it seems to me that the Allies’ inexperience and numerically inferior army should have been able to overcome the odds given the fact that they had double the number of artillery (318 to the French’s 157).
		Indeed, he is given credit (Battle of Maloyaroslavets) for forcing Napoleon’s retreat from Moscow via the same route Napoleon arrived — namely the road that led through Smolensk, which was now useless for supplies.
		This battle is considered to be a major defeat for the French and therefore a success for the Russians.
	historynet.zeroforum.com /zerothread?id=159&postid=2385 (867 words)

	Book 22, 1812
		The battle of Borodino is the most glorious, most difficult, and most creditable operation of war carried out by the Gauls, of which either ancient or modern history makes mention.
		But the enemy held the passage of the Berezina, a river 80 yards wide; the water was full of floating ice, and the banks are marshy for a distance of 600 yards, which made it a difficult obstacle to overcome.
		I started on the 4th from Lithuania, after the battle of the Berezina, leaving the Grand Army under the command of the King of Naples, the Prince of Neuchâtel still acting as chief of staff.
	www.napoleonic-literature.com /Book_22/1812.htm (5760 words)

	Museum of Tolerance Multimedia Learning Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		With the closing of this armored pincers, an additional 100,000 Germans were trapped in a gigantic pocket east and southeast of the city.
		The figure included most of General von Tippelskirch's Fourth Army, which was still retreating from the Berezina River, and some of the 30,000 Ninth Army troops who previously had escaped from the Soviet encirclement at Bobruisk.
		In the same way that the Battle of Kursk had broken the back of the German panzers, the Battle of Belorussia had broken the back of the entire Wehrmacht in the East.
	motlc.learningcenter.wiesenthal.org /text/x17/xr1775.html (245 words)

	Maps 1941 West
		The battle between Berezina and Dnieper rivers (1st Motorised Rifle Division/7th Mech.
		Operations of the Soviet Armored and Tank units in the battle for Moscow
		Battle order of the 4th Tank Brigade Defense of Orel-Mtsensk highway
	rkkaww2.armchairgeneral.com /maps/maps1941W.htm (741 words)

	History
		Tadeusz Kosciuszko was injured in a battle, captured by tsarist troops and imprisoned in Petropavlovskaya Fortress in the Russian capital of that time - Sankt Petersburg.
		During the Franco-Russian war of 1812 the Belarusan lands were the war arena of those two armies when the "Grand Armee" under Napoleon's command marched to Moscow and when it was in retreat.
		Of great significance for both armies was a battle near the Berezina river where French army was utterly defeated.
	shrike.depaul.edu /~dhasdan/history.html (2478 words)

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