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Topic: Battle of Bir Hakeim

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	Battle of Bir Hakeim - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Bir Hakeim (May 26, 1942 - June 11, 1942) was fought, during World War II, between the German/Italian Afrika Korps and the 1st Free French Brigade, with support from the British 7th Armoured Division.
		Bir Hakeim is located in eastern Libya around 90 kilometres south of Tobruk.
		On June 9, the British Eighth Army authorized a retreat and during the night of June 10/June 11 the defenders of Bir Hakeim escaped.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Bir_Hakeim (338 words)

	Battle of Gazala - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Gazala was an important battle of the World War II Western Desert Campaign, fought around the port of Tobruk in Libya from May 26 to June 21, 1942.
		The combatants on the Axis side were the Panzer Army Afrika, consisting of German and Italian units and commanded by the "Desert Fox" Colonel-General Erwin Rommel; the Allied forces were the British Eighth Army, commanded by Major General Neil Ritchie under the close supervision of the Commander-in-Chief Middle East, General Sir Claude Auchinleck.
		Following Rommel's attack in January 1942, the Allies had retreated across Libya to a strong position on a line between the fortified port of Tobruk on the Mediterranean coast and the town of Bir Hakeim to the south.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Gazala (659 words)

	Erwin Rommel
		In 1942 he started a classic blitzkrieg, and within weeks the British forces had been pushed back to the Egyptian border where he was stopped at the First Battle of El Alamein, although Australian forces held out in the important port city of Tobruk[?].
		After the Second Battle of El Alamein he was unable to stop the allied forces, eventually being ordered home by Hitler in 1943, just prior to the surrender of the DAK.
		After his battles in Africa, Rommel concluded that any offensive movements would be impossible due to the overwhelming Allied air superiority.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/er/Erwin_Rommel.html (992 words)

	Wikipedia: Erwin Rommel
		The First Battle of El Alamein was lost by Rommel because he was suffering from the eternal curse of the desert war; long supply lines.
		Even then, their first battle was not against the British Eighth Army, but against the US II Corps.
		Rommel inflicted a sharp reversal on the American forces at the Battle of the Kasserine Pass.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/e/er/erwin_rommel.html (1265 words)

	fflbirhakeim.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		On June 9, the British Eighth Army authorized a retreat and during the night of June 10/June 11 the defenders of Bir Hakeim escaped the battered claws of Rommel's Afrika Korp.
		Interestingly, it has been noted that among the Free French Stand at Bir Hakeim, the majority of the fiercest fighting emanated from the Foreign Legion.
		The Legion at Bir Hakeim counted among its ranks Germans and other nationalities who knew that to be captured by the Nazis would see them suffer a far worse death than to die fighting.
	www.ransomechua.com /Pages/fflbirhakeim.html (485 words)

	Amazon.ca: Tomorrow to Be Brave : A Memoir of the Only Woman Ever to Serve in the French Foreign Legion: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This was Bir Hakeim, a crossroads in the desert that had been fortified with trenches and bunkers dug in the desert floor.
		Bir Hakeim was the southernmost part of the Allied position at the Battle of Gazala, and it was an important one.
		After the battle, she and the general had to separate (the German propaganda machine made a thing of their affair) and she spent most of the rest of the war driving an ambulance or doctors.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0743200012 (1724 words)

	The Battle of Bir Hakeim - © www.charles-de-gaulle.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		At the end of May 1942, the Free French 1st brigade occupied the southern sector of the British 8th Army's deployment in Libya, facing German and Italian Axis troops.
		This was a key point on the extreme left of the position since it could prevent any potential encirclement from the south of Allied forces retreating in disarray from the defeat and the fall of Tobruk that had opened the road to Cairo for the German tanks.
		Because of its isolation, the 182 bodies it once contained have been transferred to El Adem alongside the bodies of the first four French soldiers to fall at Cyrenaica on 21 January 1941, and those of the six men who lost their lives in the in the Khufra raid led by General Leclerc.
	www.charles-de-gaulle.org /article_print.php?id_article=159 (490 words)

	eBay - battle 1967, Games, Militaria items on eBay.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Battle for Jerusalem: June 5-7, 1967 by Rabinovich,
		The Flames of Battle THOR #138 VG 4.0 1967
		NEW - The Battle for Jerusalem, June 5-7, 1967 by Abrah
	search-desc.ebay.com /search/search.dll?query=battle+1967&newu=1&krd=1 (479 words)

	Susan Travers - a French Foreign Legion Forum : cervens.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		English by birth, she came to regard the Legion as her true family and played a key part in the breakout by its troops from Rommel's siege of the desert fortress of Bir Hakeim in 1942.
		This idyll was ended when their unit was attached to the 8th Army and, in the spring of 1942, sent to hold the bleak fort of Bir Hakeim, at the southern tip of the Allies' defensive line in the Western Desert.
		In 1956 Travers was awarded the Médaille Militaire in recognition of her bravery at Bir Hakeim.
	www.cervens.net /legionbbs/showthread.php?t=1849 (1788 words)

	The Ultimate Erwin Rommel Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		The First Battle of El Alamein was lost by Rommel through a combination of supply problems and improved Allied tactics.
		Auchinleck's tactics of continually attacking the weaker Italian forces during the battle forced Rommel to use the Deutsches Afrika Korps in a "Fire Brigade" role and placed the initiative in Allied hands.
		He was decisively stopped by the newly arrived Allied commander, Lieutenant General Bernard Montgomery; mainly due to the fact that the allies had devised a machine capable of deciphering German communications, thus alerting them to Rommel's battle plan prior to the battle.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Erwin_Rommel (1675 words)

	Legion of the Lost - What is the French Foreign Legion?
		A battle in Syria saw two opposing sides fight against each other in a short engagement, and later on the Vichy Legion joined its Free French brethren.
		Towards the desperate end of the battle, Legionnaires formed the bulk of the volunteer relief force which were delivered by parachute to the base.
		The existence of the French Foreign Legion has led to a romantic view that it is a place for a wronged man to leave behind his old life to start a new one, but also that it is full of scoundrels and men escaping justice.
	www.legionofthelost.com /whatis.html (803 words)

	Battle of Bir Hakeim: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The German commander was Feldmarschall (Feldmarschall: a marshal or field marshal (sometimes incorrectly spelled marshall) is the highest...
		The Germans (Germans: A person of German nationality) attacked Bir Hakeim on May 26.
		On June 9, the British Eighth Army (British Eighth Army: more facts about this subject) authorized a retreat and during the night of June 10/June 11 the defenders of Bir Hakeim escaped.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/battle_of_bir_hakeim (319 words)

	The Ultimate French Foreign Legion Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		In World War I the Legion fought in many critical battles of the war, including the Battle of Verdun.
		The 13th Demi-Brigade was deployed in the Battle of Bir Hakeim.
		The Foreign Legion was involved in the defense of Dien Bien Phu and lost a large number of their men in the battle.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/French_Foreign_Legion (949 words)

	The world's top susan travers websites (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		For her actions in the Battle of Bir Hakeim (1942), Travers was awarded the Croix de Guerre.
		Not long later, Travers joined a convoy into the rear area and Koenig agreed to her requests to return to Bir Hakeim, as he felt the German attack was a failure.
		During the bombing, shrapnel tore a hole in the General's car and Travers (with the assistance of a Vietnamese driver) carried the part to a field workshop where mechanicss fixed it.
	www.websbiggest.com /wiki-article-tab.cfm/susan_travers (577 words)

	Legion of the Lost - Famous Legionnaires
		During the fights at Bir-Hakeim (1942) he wrote: "We, foreigners, have only one way to prove to France our gratitude: to be killed..." General Charles De Gaulle named him and his legionnaires the "honour of France " for their heroic defense of the Allies positions.
		Amilakhvari fell during the battle of El-Alamein in 1942.
		A veteran of the Free French Forces, he fought at the Battle of Bir Hakeim.
	www.legionofthelost.com /famous.html (1633 words)

	Caen - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Almost exactly 600 years before the town was ruined in 1944, it was similarly ravaged by war, when in 1346 King Edward III of England led his army against it, hoping to loot the town, which was the richest in Normandy at that time.
		During the Battle of Normandy in World War II, Caen saw intense and bitter combat between Allied and Axis forces.
		In the preceding month-long battle, many of the town's inhabitants had sought refuge in the Abbaye aux Hommes, built on the orders of William the Conqueror some 800 years before.
	www.kproxy.com /servlet/redirect.srv/p5.p1.pjt.perutbrrxq.pgka/wiki/Caen (1313 words)

	jpdn.net - photography » Paris - Bir-Hakeim bridge (Pont de Bir-Hakeim)
		The total lenght of the bridge is 257 meters with a width of 25 meters.
		The Bir Hakeim bridge is one of the most decorated bridge of Paris.
		The actual name of the bridge was given in 1949, as a tribute to General Koenig's June 1942 victory in Libya against German troops (Battle of Bir Hakeim, World War II).
	www.jpdn.net /www_jpdn.net/nuc?itemid=64 (244 words)

	39 42
		In spite of limited manpower, this burning troop, in particular, will be distinguished on the African battle fields, in the first years of the conflict.
		The noise of the battle approaches and we reach, at the end of the afternoon, the channel of the Ardennes which Division borders between Attigny and theChêne Populeux, over approximately a length of 20 kilometers.
		The battle of Aisne, because we were not the only ones to undergo the shock of the enemy, left us weakened and disorganized.
	www.gers.pref.gouv.fr /acvg/documents/Armeeangl.htm (3351 words)

	Country Information, a world portal on countries, politics and governments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The award came as a result specifically from the Battle of Longarone, and the capture of Mount Matajur and its defenders, numbering 150 Italian officers, 7000 men and 81 artillery guns.
		The First Battle of El Alamein was lost by Rommel due to a combination of supply problems (created by RAF and Royal Navy interdiction, assisted by Ultra) and improved British tactics.
		Auchinleck's tactics of continually attacking the weaker Italian forces during the battle forced Rommel to use the Afrika Korps in a "fire brigade" role and gave Auchinleck the initiative.
	www.countryiworld.com /wiki-Erwin_Rommel (3317 words)

	39 45
		Thus, are born Free French Army, the F.F.L. In spite of limited manpower, this burning troop, in particular, will be distinguished on the African battle fields, in the first years of the conflict.
		Its notoriety will be international, when the Gaullist army intervenes in the battle of Bir-Hakeim, which will delay, notably, the German army in its progression.
		This battle will be worth with the F.F.L, these unexpected remarks of HITLER himself :"the French are the best soldiers of Europe after us.
	www.gers.pref.gouv.fr /acvg/documents/Armeangl.htm (3003 words)

	Battle of Bir Hakeim: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Battle of Bir Hakeim (May 26, Exception Handler: No article summary found.
		First Battle of El Alamein (The first battle of el alamein 1-july 31 1942 was a battle of the western desert campaign of world...)
		Second Battle of El Alamein[for more facts and a summary of this subject, Exception Handler: No article summary found.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/battle_of_bir_hakeim (905 words)

	Chronology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Battle of Feipi and victory to the ChristianS.
		1897: Battle in the Avera valley:Teraupoo is defeated and deported to Noumea (until 1905).
		1944: Pacific BataHion involved in the Battle of Bir Hakeim and the Campaign of Italy.
	www.tahitinet.com /presense/chronology.html (2551 words)

	The Free French Army - FileFront Gaming Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Battle of Bir Hakeim (1942): The most famous battle of Free France, the French were surrounded in the small village of Bir Hakeim by armored German and Italian divisions.
		Vastly outnumbered, the French were able to hold the position, like a thumb in the Gazala battle line, for fourteen days, only supplied by the British 8th Army at night, allowing just enough time for the 8th Army to regroup at the El Alamein line, a crucial factor.
		The battles in Tunisia were carried out both by former Vichy Armies and the Free French, alongside the Americans and British.
	www.gamingforums.com /showthread.php?t=216655 (3456 words)

	News From France
		Several ceremonies were held in Paris on June 11, commemorating the battle of Bir Hakeim.
		Sixty years ago, French forces resisted for 16 days against 32,000 German and Italian soldiers at the battle of Bir Hakeim.
		The military success was also important in political terms, as it gave De Gaulle the opportunity to have “France Libre” recognized as an important player in the War effort.
	www.info-france-usa.org /publi/nff/0208/eve.htm (1062 words)

	Erwin Rommel
		The award came as a result specifically from the Battle of Longarone, and the capture of Mount Matajur, Slovenia, and its defenders, numbering 150 Italian officers, 7000 men and 81 artillery guns.
		Some historians contrast Rommel's withdrawal of his army back to Tunisia against Hitler's dreams of much greater success than even his capture of Tobruk (in sharp contrast to the fate suffered by the German 6th Army at the Battle of Stalingrad under the command of Friedrich Paulus which stood its ground and was annihilated).
		He argued that the tank forces should be dispersed in small units and kept in heavily fortified positions located as close to the front as possible, so they wouldn't have to move far and en masse when the invasion started.
	www.christmasgifter.com /wiki/index.php?title=Erwin_Rommel (2823 words)

	Battle of Gazala - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Compass – Tobruk – Brevity – Battleaxe – Crusader – Gazala – Bir Hakeim – 1st Alamein – Alam Halfa – 2nd Alamein
		On May 27 Rommel personally led elements of Panzer Army Afrika – the Afrika Korps, the Italian XX Motorized Corps, and the German 90th Light Afrika Division – in a brilliant but risky flank around the southern end of the British lines, trusting to the enemy's own minefields to protect his flank and rear.
		Panzer Battles: A Study of the Employment of Armor in the Second World War, First Ballantine Books Edition, 1971, New York: Ballantine Books.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Battle_of_Gazala (756 words)

	The "Wallonien": The History of the 5th SS-Sturmbrigade and 28th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Division ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		There were soldiers of the Belgian Army who wanted to avenge the defeat of 1940 and provide Belgium with some honor; some wanted to fight the "Reds." Some went to provide for their family or to be far from the Belgian tribunals.
		It would not be an exaggeration to compare it to the Battle of Bir Hakeim; that was the first great action of the Free French troops and gave confidence to the partisans of De Gaulle.
		In both cases, men of a volunteer unit in a foreign army were encircled by superior forces.
	www.merriam-press.com /mono_200/m162-ex.htm (1341 words)

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