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Topic: Battle of Brunanburh

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	Brunanburh, battle of - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Brunanburh, battle of, AD 937, a victory won by Athelstan, king of the English, over a coalition of Irish, Scots, and Britons (or Welsh) of Strathclyde.
		Brunanburh reconsidered: Kevin Halloran puts forward a new suggestion for the location of one of the most disputed questions of Anglo-Saxon history: the site of Athelstan's great battle against Alba, Strathclyde and the Vikings.
		Onomastics and propaganda in 'Brunanburh.' (poem The Battle of Brunanburh)
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-brunanbu.html (227 words)

	Battle of Brunanburh
		The Battle of Brunanburh was a West Saxon victory in 937 by the army of king Athelstan and his brother Edmund over the combined armies of Olaf[?], viking king of Dublin and Constantine, king of Scotland.
		The location of this battle has not yet been identified.
		Our chief source for the details of this battle come from the Anglo-Saxon poem of the same name.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ba/Battle_of_Brunanburh.html (64 words)

	Northvegr - Germanic Sources
		Then, having traversed the broken ground which divided the two armies, as the burning day was progressing toward noon, at last, after marching eight miles, our men came in sight of the wagons of the enemy, which had been reported by the scouts to be all arranged in a circle.
		On the other side, the battle line of the Huns was so arranged that Attila and his bravest followers were stationed in the center.
		Battle of Maldon;991 CE; (+) Old English poem describing a battle between the Anglo-Saxons and the Vikings.
	www.northvegr.org /lore/germanic/b.php (2890 words)

	Battle of Brunanburh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Battle of Brunanburh was a West Saxon victory in 937 by the army of king Athelstan and his brother Edmund over the combined armies of Olaf III Guthfrithson, Viking king of Dublin, Constantine, king of Scotland and King Owain of Strathclyde.
		This poorly recalled battle is actually one of the most important in British history since Athelstan's crushing defeat of the combined Norse-Celtic force facing him irrevocably confirmed England as an Anglo-Saxon kingdom, forcing the Celtic kingdoms to consolidate in the fringe positions they occupy today.
		The battle, one of the bloodiest of the period, saw the death of five British kings and seven earls on the Celtic side and numerous Saxon casualties including two of Athelstan's cousins Alfric and Athelwin and a prominent Saxon bishop.
	www.yotor.com /wiki/en/ba/Battle%20of%20Brunanburh.htm (256 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - The Battle of Brunanburh, 937AD
		It is this which makes the Battle of Brunanburh significant; Athelstan rallied all the Saxon noblemen in Wessex and Mercia to his cause for the first time.
		The strongest contender for Brunanburh seems to be the village of Bromborough on the Wirral
		Athelstan succeeded in uniting all the tribes of Saxons in Wessex and Mercia, at the same time as ensuring that the seemingly inexorable march of the Vikings into England was halted and the Celts remained firmly in their place in the west of Britain.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/h2g2/A3483029 (1192 words)

	Discretion and deceit
		Where the battle was to be it was in fact the case that there was a level heath, but on one side of it a river flowed down and on the other side of it was a great wood.
		The main point to be borne in mind here is that before using any work, or passage in a work, for historical study it is important to ascertain the nature of the text in question and to remain alert to the different motives and focus of literary and historical sources.
		Campbell (Battle of Brunanburh, p.58, n.4), points out that the Bromborough site had been identified with Brunanburh as long ago as 1692, when Edmund Gibson drew attention to the similar place-name Brunburh in Cheshire in the index of places in his conflated edition of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Chronicon Saxonicum.
	www.deremilitari.org /RESOURCES/ARTICLES/mcdougall.htm (8833 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Battle of Brunanburh
		The Battle of Brunanburh was a West Saxon victory in 937 by the army of king Athelstan and his brother Edmund over the combined armies of Olaf III Guthfrithson, Viking king of Dublin, Constantine, king of Scotland and King Owain of Strathclyde (mention is also made in some sources of Irish and even Welsh mercenaries)
		The location of Brunanburh has not yet been definitively identified though possible sites in Northumberland have been suggested as well as Bromborough in Cheshire (administrative Merseyside); Burnswark in South West Scotland; and, Tinsley wood near Sheffield (by no means are these the only sites suggested, but they are the most commonly accepted).
		The battle is considered one of the bloodiest of the period, and saw the death of five British (other sources say Irish) kings and seven earls on the Celtic side and numerous Saxon casualties including two of Athelstan's cousins, Alfric and Athelwin, and a prominent Saxon bishop.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Battle_of_Brunanburh (551 words)

	Rotherham and the Battle of Brunanburh, 937 AD
		Battle of Brunanburh, 937 AD Many historians have tried to pinpoint the Battle of Brunanburh which was the last great clash of the Celtic nations against the invading Saxons.The Battle was a victory won by Athelstan, king of the English, over a coalition of Irish, Scots, and Britons.
		With so many records of the Battle of Brunanburh, it is difficult to believe that the site of the battle has not been discovered, but so far, even speculation has only scratched the surface and no real attempt has been made to dig out the facts for years.
		Renowned battle of Brunanburh, Brunesburh, Brunnanwerch, or Bruneswerce.
	www.rotherhamweb.co.uk /h/brunanburh.htm (402 words)

	The Heroic Age: Athelstan of England
		E and F) mentioning the battle in a much shorter, non-poetic entry makes clear that "with the help of Christ they had the victory,"[8] such an explicit sense of Christian militancy is missing from the poem itself.
		There are certain similarities between The Battle of Brunanburh and the Old High German Ludwigslied, a short poem celebrating in clearly martial Christian terms (and within one year of the event) the 881 victory won by the West Frankish King Louis III over the Vikings at the Battle of Saucourt [10].
		The intriguing possibility that Athelstan carried into battle at Brunanburh the relic-laden sword of Constantine must be rejected in favor of the more intriguing probability that here we have a second "holy sword" associated with Athelstan.
	www.heroicage.org /issues/7/hare.html (4071 words)

	Machina Memorialis » Blog Archive » Brunanburh fought in Scotland rather than England
		The Scottish newspaper The Herald reports that the tenth-century Battle of Brunanburh was fought in Scotland rather than in England.
		The battle which historians regard as England’s greatest may have been fought on Scottish soil, it is claimed.
		However, research shows that the site of the bloody battle of Brunanburh was in Dumfriesshire and not in England, as most accounts of the battle have proposed.
	www.jpwalter.com /machina/?p=147 (217 words)

	Wirral: site of epic Viking battle? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Viking enthusiasts looking for the site of an epic battle that was instrumental in the birth of the idea of Englishness believe they have found it at what is now Bromborough, south-east of Bikenhead.
		At the Battle of Brunanburh, in 937 A.D., an army of Norwegian Vikings and Strathclyde Scots were defeated by Anglo-Saxons from the Midlands and the South led by King Athelstan, grandson of Alfred the Great.
		The battle was commemorated in a poem in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, a contemporary history — yet no one knew for certain where it had taken place.
	www.mirabilis.ca /archives/002432.html (232 words)

	Amazon.com: "The Battle of Brunanburh": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Poems of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as A, transmits the four tenth-century poems, The Battle of Brunanburh, The Capture of the Five Boroughs, The Coronation of Edgar and The Death of Edgar (entries for the years 937,...
		To these can be added the poems found in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: The Battle of Brunanburh, The Capture of the Five Boroughs, The Coronation of Edgar, The Death of Alfred, The Death of Edward, The Death...
		The Battle of Brunanburh is often compared to Maldon because both were written shortly after the tenth-century battles they commemorate.
	www.amazon.com /phrase/The-Battle-of-Brunanburh (611 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Brunanburh,
		The battle is celebrated in a poem in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
		His father, Guthfrith, king of Dublin and of York, had been driven out of England by Athelstan in 927.
		Olaf led (937) his allies, Constantine of Scotland and Owen of Strathclyde, against Athelstan in the battle of Brunanburh and was severely defeated.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Brunanburh, (394 words)

	Battle of Brunanburh
		The verse celebrating Athelstan and Edmund's victory at Brunanburh appears in manuscripts A, B, C and D of the 'Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'.
		This sudden poetic turn by the 'Chronicle' was the cause of considerable irritation to John Milton (1608-74), who, between 'Paradise Lost' and 'Paradise Regained', find time to write 'The History of Britain'.
		That gray beast, the wolf of the weald.
	www.stephen.j.murray.btinternet.co.uk /brunanburh.htm (453 words)

	English 443 Home Page
		The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle context for the Battle of Brunanburh.
		The entry for the Battle of Maldon in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle.
		William of Malmesbury on the Battle of Hastings, 12th century.
	www.csun.edu /~sk36711/WWW2/engl443/index.htm (789 words)

	Amazon.com: "Battle of Brunanburh": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The charge of the Saxon brigade: Tennyson's Battle of Brunanburh tEDWARD B. IRVING, JR The first modern translation of Anglo-Saxon poetry with much claim to readability and poetic...
		Conceivably, `The Battle of Maldon' may be taken as such, along with `The Battle of Brunanburh' and a few other poems in the Anglo- Saxon Chronicle, such as `The Capture of the Five Boroughs' (942), `The...
		As readers of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle know, the most impressive metrical insertion is the Battle of Brunanburh, seventy-three lines of great poetic worth, celebrating the victory of 937, a climax of the reign and a notable battle...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Battle-of-Brunanburh (558 words)

	Battle of Brunanburh
		Aclea, south of the Thames, was a major battle between the Danish invaders and the Saxon King of Wessex (Ethelwulf).
		The battle was fought between Edmund king of East Anglia and the Vikings, and resulted in defeat for the Saxons.
		Peace between the Saxons and Danes was broken by the Vikings and forced Edward to fight the battle of Tettenhall.
	www.militarygallery.co.uk /vikings.htm (1945 words)

	Tennyson's "Brunanburh": Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Tennyson's famous translation of "The Battle of Brunanburh" was first published in Ballads and Other Poems in 1880.
		It is based on his son Hallam's prose translation of the poem, published in The Contemporary Review, November, 1876.
		Constantinus, King of the Scots, after having sworn allegiance to Athelstan, allied himself with the Danes of Ireland under Anlaf, and invading England, was defeated by Athelstan and his brother Edmund with great slaughter at Brunanburh in the year 937.
	www.victorianweb.org /authors/tennyson/brunanburh/index.html (225 words)

	Battle of Brunanburh
		The battle of Brunanburh was one of the most critical in England's history, which probably explains why it is now all but forgotten.
		In 927 King Athelstan of Wessex finally conquered the Kingdom of York, formally creating the English state that had been expanding northwards for the past 17 years.
		A row with Constantine III King of Scots led to a 934 raid on the latter's lands, which in turn led in 937 to all England's enemies attacking simultaneously in an attempt to wipe it off the map (plus
	www.btinternet.com /~brentours/ENGP62.htm (237 words)

	Mormaer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The office of Mormaer is first mentioned in the context of the Battle of Corbridge (918), in the Annals of Ulster.
		The first individual Mormaer to be named was Dubacan mac Indrechtaich, one of the companions of Amlaib, the son of King Causantín II (Constantine II).
		His death at the Battle of Brunanburh (937) is recorded in the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mormaer (817 words)

	UK Battlefields Resource Centre - Britons, Saxons & Vikings - The Battle of Battle of Brunanburh
		In late 937 Athelstan responded, meeting the invaders in battle at Brunanburh.
		The site of the battle has not been established and a number of alternatives have been suggested.
		However, according to Smurthwaite ‘it seems inconceivable that the battle was fought north of the border, particularly if we accept that Olaf landed on the Humber.’
	www.battlefieldstrust.com /resource-centre/civil-war/battleview.asp?BattleFieldId=59 (208 words)

	History Forum > The Battle of Brunanburh (937)
		Mar 12 2006, 04:50 PM Below is a link to a translation of the old English poem of the battle.
		From searching the net it appears that the poem is the only primary source on the battle.
		Sadly, there otherwise seems little coverage of this colossal battle, but that doesn't mean that it should be ignored by the blinkered and biased school curriculum(ie.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/lofiversion/index.php?t5650.html (335 words)

	Twice-Told Tales--Index
		Battle of Brunanburh web site, by Thomas Kinsella, Stockton College (includes OE and ME versions, Tennyson's translation, and various supplementary items)
		The Battle of Brunanburh --The Old English text, from the Labyrinth
		The Battle of Maldon, 991 A.D. --Particularly nice pictures and maps, with a brief account of the historical setting and consequences.
	www.teamsmedieval.org /mss/tales/as.htm (216 words)

	The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle AD 937 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The entry for AD 937 (given as 938 in some manuscripts) in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is in fact composed almost entirely of the poem The Battle of Brunanburh.
		A.D. This year King Æthelstan went into Scotland, both with a land-force and a naval armament, and laid waste a great part of it; and Bishop Burnstan died at Winchester at the feast of All Saints.
		A.D. This year King Æthelstan and Edmund his brother led a force to Brunanburh, and there fought against Anlaf; and, Christ helping, had the victory: and they there slew five kings and seven earls.
	www.csun.edu /~sk36711/WWW2/engl443/ASC937.html (327 words)

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