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Topic: Battle of Cunaxa

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Anabasis (Xenophon)

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Xenophon

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Battle of Largs

Battle of Salamis

Battle of Kleidion

Battle of Naissus

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	List of battles 1400 BC-AD 600
		Battle of Himera The Carthaginians under Hamilcar are defeated by the Greeks of Sicily, led by Gelon of Syracuse.
		Battle of Sellasia Defeat of Cleomenes III of Sparta by Antigonus Doson of Macedon and the Achaean League
		Battle of Herdonia Hannibal destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius.
	www.starrepublic.org /encyclopedia/wikipedia/l/li/list_of_battles_1400_bc_ad_600.html (4725 words)

	List of battles 1400 BC-600 AD
		Battle of Himera[?] The Carthaginians under Hamilcar are defeated by the Greeks of Sicily, led by Gelon[?] of Syracuse.
		Battle of Sellasia[?] Defeat of Cleomenes III[?] of Sparta by Antigonus Doson[?] of Macedon and the Achaean League[?]
		357 Battle of Strasbourg (357)[?] Julian expels the Alamanni from the Rhineland
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/li/List_of_battles_1400_BC-600_AD.html (4447 words)

	Battle of Cunaxa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Cunaxa was fought in 401 BC between Cyrus the Younger and his elder brother Arsaces, who had seized the Persian throne as Artaxerxes II in 404 BC.
		Cyrus gathered an army of Greek mercenaries under the Spartan general Clearchus, and met Artaxerxes at Cunaxa on the left bank of the Euphrates River, 70 kilometres North of Babylon.
		The tactical outcome of the battle is disputed but as Cyrus died in the battle it was a strategic victory for Arsaces.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Cunaxa (215 words)

	Battles
		The Battle of Tanagra 457 BC The Battle of Oenophyta 457 BC The Battle of Salamis / Cyprus 450 BC The Battle of Coronea 447 BC The Battle of Sybota 433 BC The Battle of Potidaea 432 BC War Memorial, Louvre Ma 863
		The Battle of Elleporus 389 BC The Battle of Tegyra 385 BC The Battle of Naxos 376 BC The Battle of Leuctra 371 BC in central Greece
		The Battle of Mantinea 362 BC The Battle of Tamynae 349 BC Munn, Mark H., The Defense of Attica: The Dema Wall and the Boiotian War of 378-375 B.C. Berekeley: University of California Press, 1993.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/History/Battles/Battles.html (1353 words)

	Battle of Cunaxa
		The Battle of Cunaxa was fought in 401 BC between Cyrus the Younger and his elder brother Arsaces, who had seized the Persian throne as Artaxerxes II in 404 BC.
		Cyrus gathered an army of Greek mercenaries (including the historian, Xenophon) and met Artaxerxes at Cunaxa, 70 kilometres North of Babylon.
		Cyrus was defeated by Artaxerxes' superior cavalry forces and died in the battle.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ba/Battle_of_Cunaxa.html (64 words)

	Probert Encyclopaedia: Battles (Pre-1600) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Battle of Hattin was a major defeat for the Crusaders by Saladin on the 4th of July 1187 at a village in Palestine 8 km north-west of Tiberias.
		The Battle of Lepanto was a naval engagement fought on October the 7th 1571, in the Gulf of Lepanto (now the Gulf of Corinth) between an Ottoman Turkish fleet and that of the Holy League, an alliance of Spain, Venice, Genoa, and the Papal States formed by Pope Julius II in 1511.
		The Battle of Navas de Tolosa was fought in 1212 between Yakub Almansur of the Almohades and the kings of Aragon, Castile and Navarre.
	www.probertencyclopaedia.com /FB.HTM (4524 words)

	List of battles (alphabetical) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Battle of Guadalete - 711 - Moslem Conquest of Spain
		Battle of Mohács - 1526 - Turkish Conquest of Hungary
		Battle of Pavia (773) - Conquests of Charlemagne
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_battles_(alphabetical) (5238 words)

	Battle of the Boyne -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The battle represented the culmination of James's attempt to regain the thrones of England and Scotland, but is remembered (wrongly) as a decisive moment in the struggle between (An adherent of Protestantism) Protestant and (A member of a Catholic church) Catholic factions.
		The battle itself was fought on July 1st over a ford of the Boyne at Oldbridge, near (In 1649 the place was captured by Oliver Cromwell, who massacred the Catholic inhabitants) Drogheda.
		The casualty figure of the battle was quite low for a battle of such a scale — of the 50,000 or so participants, about 2,000 died — three quarters of whom were Jacobites.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/B/Ba/Battle_of_the_Boyne.htm (2011 words)

	Encyclopedia: First Battle of Panipat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The battle was fought near the small village of Panipat, in the present day Indian state of Haryana, an area that has been the site of a number decisive battles for the control of Northern India since the twelfth century.
		The battle marked the foundation of the so called Mughal or Mogul empire in India - the word means Mongol and alludes to the Turko-Mongol origins of Baburs and his officers, although the majority of his troops would probably have had been of mixed Central Asian descent.
		The other significance of the battle is that it marked the beginning of large scale use of fire arms in Indian warfare as artillery is used for the first time in india.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/First-Battle-of-Panipat (555 words)

	BATTLE CRY ... BATTLE OF THE ARDENNES BULGE :: AudioEnglish.net Dictionary Entries List
		BATTLE OF BOYNE (1 sense as a noun)
		BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG (1 sense as a noun)
		BATTLE OF JENA (1 sense as a noun)
	www.audioenglish.net /entries/battle_cry_._battle_of_the_ardennes_bulge.htm (643 words)

	Cunaxa: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		It was the scene of a battle (401 b.c.) between Cyrus the Younger and Artaxerxes II, described by Xenophon in the Anabasis.
		Xenophon told of Cyrus defeat at Cunaxa and the isolated Greeks epic march back...Greeks won the ensuing battle, fought at Cunaxa near Babylon, Cyrus himself was killed...
		It was the scene of a battle (401 b.c.) between...
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/101239624 (1077 words)

	Battle of cunaxa - XENOPHON’S RETREAT the End of the Golden Age robin waterfield
		The Achaemenid King, Darius II died in 404 B.C. and was succeeded by which culminated in the battle of Cunaxa 401 B.C. near Babylon.
		All the sources for the battle of Cunaxa wildly inflate the strengths of the combatant armies.
		The Battle of Cunaxa was the climatic end of the power struggle between the eldest son of Darius II, Artaxerxes II and his youngest son Cyrus “The Younger”.
	xn--b9wr44e.com /ssrt/battle-of-cunaxa.html (568 words)

	Chronology of Greek History After the Peloponnesian War
		(Wmter) Dionysius I was defeated by Carthage at the battle of Cronium.
		331/330 -- Alexander I of Epirus was defeated at the battle of Pandosia.
		Ptolemy V was defeated at the battle of Panion.
	www.1stmuse.com /frames/greek-chronology.html (2315 words)

	Cunaxa - Encyclopedia.com
		Cunaxa, ancient town of Babylonia, near the Euphrates River, NE of Ctesiphon.
		psychological going-down: Cyrus was killed at the battle of Cunaxa in 401; the Persians in his force abandoned the Greeks and went...
		Xenophon was drawn to Persia to advise Cyrus the Youn-ger.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Cunaxa.html (1068 words)

	Battle of Cunaxa: Salem on History
		The main component of the rebel force was a contingent of Greek mercenaries under the command of Clearchus.
		At Cunaxa, near Babylon, the invading force was met by Artaxerxes and his general Tissaphernes.
		Cunaxa confirmed the superiority of Greek military tactics and training over those of the Persian army.
	history.enotes.com /salem-history/battle-cunaxa (307 words)

	battle
		(73) battle, conflict, fight, engagement -- (a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war; "Grant won a decisive victory in the battle of Chickamauga"; "he lost his romantic ideas about war when he got into a real engagement") 2.
		(8) struggle, battle -- (an energetic attempt to achieve something "getting through the crowd was a real struggle"; "he fought a battle for recognition") 3.
		conflict, struggle, battle -- (an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals); "the harder the conflict the more glorious the triumph"--Thomas Paine; "police tried to control the battle between the pro- and anti-abortion mobs") Overview of verb battle The verb battle has 1 sense (first 1 from tagged texts) 1.
	www.beetfoundation.com /words/b/alt.battle.html (340 words)

	CUNAXA Articles The Battle of Cunaxa was fought in
		The Battle of Cunaxa was fought in 401 BC between Cyrus the Younger and his elder brother Arsaces, who had seized the Persian throne as Artaxerxes II in 404 BC.
		Cyrus gathered an army of Greek mercenaries, consisting of 10,400 hoplites and 2,500 peltasts, under the Spartan general Clearchus, and met Artaxerxes at Cunaxa on the left bank of the Euphrates River, 70 kilometres North of Babylon.
		The tactical outcome of the battle is disputed but as Cyrus died in the battle it was a political and strategic victory for Arsaces.
	www.amazines.com /Cunaxa_related.html (463 words)

	The battle of Cunaxa 401 B.C.
		The battle of Cunaxa 401 B.C. Battles of Artaxerxes II Cunaxa 401 B.C. The Achaemenid King, Darius II died in 404 B.C. and was succeeded by his eldest son, Artaxerxes II.
		At Cunaxa, the chariots may have forced the Greek's to seek the security of the position on the right wing and restricted their ability to change direction quickly or move away from the secure river.
		With the battle over and Cyrus now dead, the Greeks now showed themselves too arrogant and too stubborn to accept their defeat and insensitive of the Persians and their way of thinking.
	members.ozemail.com.au /~ancientpersia/cunaxa.html (3226 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Cunaxa
		A pitched battle was fought at Cunaxa in 401; Cyrus' army was defeated and he himself killed.
		The westward march of the Greek mercenaries to the coast is the subject...
		Cyrus the younger before the battle of Cunaxa) from the region of insupportable heat...
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Cunaxa (1230 words)

	Battle of Cunaxa -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The two armies met unexpectedly at Cunaxa, on the left bank of the Euphrates River north of Babylon.
		Two battles in the fall of 1777 that marked the turning point for the Continental Army in the American Revolution were the Battles of Saratoga.
		The Battle of Marathon was a decisive victory for the Greeks during the Persian Wars.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9028208?tocId=9028208 (867 words)

	Anabasis (Xenophon) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Xenophon accompanied the Ten Thousand, a large army of Greek mercenaries hired by Cyrus the Younger, who intended to seize the throne of Persia from his brother, Artaxerxes II.
		Though Cyrus' army was victorious in a battle at Cunaxa in Babylon, Cyrus himself was killed in battle and the expedition rendered moot.
		Stranded deep in enemy territory, the Spartan general Clearchus and most of the other Greek generals were subsequently killed or captured by treachery.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Anabasis_(Xenophon) (331 words)

	CLEARCHUS - LoveToKnow Article on CLEARCHUS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Subsequently appointed by the ephors to settle the political dissensions then rife at Byzantium and to protect the city and the neighboring Greek colonies from Thracian attacks, he made himself tyrant of Byzantium, and, when declared an outlaw and driven thence by a Spartan force, he fled to Cyrus.
		In the expedition of the ten thousand undertaken by Cyrus to dethrone his brother Artaxerxes Mnemon, Clearchus led the Peloponnesians, who formed the right wing of Cyruss army at the battle of Cunaxa (401).
		On Cyruss death Clearchus assumed the chief command and conducted the retreat, until, being treacherously seized with his fellow-generals by Tissaphernes, he was handed over to Artaxerxes and executed (Thuc.
	67.1911encyclopedia.org /C/CL/CLEARCHUS.htm (245 words)

	PITCHED BATTLE Meaning and Definition - Dictionary - eLook.org
		Battle of the Marne, Belleau Wood, Chateau-Thierry, Marne River
		Monmouth Court House, Battle of Monmouth Court House, Battle of Monmouth
		Shiloh, battle of Shiloh, battle of Pittsburgh Landing
	www.elook.org /dictionary/pitched-battle.html (111 words)

	Battle of cunaxa - HELLAS:NET - History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Thus at the battle of Cunaxa the word was “Zeus the Saviour and Victor”, and on a subsequent engagement by the same troops, it could be “Zeus the Saviour,
		At the battle of Cunaxa in 401 BC, the Greeks triumphed; however, Cyrus was killed and their general Clearchus of Sparta was captured and executed.
		During the battle at Cunaxa his army got defeated and 10.000 Greek warriors were forced to fight themselves a way back from the heart of Asia Minor towards
	hotsiteseek.com /hs/battle-of-cunaxa.html (267 words)

	Xenophon, Greece, ancient history
		Xenophon led the Greek force back to safety in a Greek colony when Cyrus was killed in the battle of Cunaxa in 401 BC.
		In 394 BC he joined the court of the Spartan king Agelisaus II, and was present at the Battle of Coronea the same year, where the Spartans defeated the Athenian and Theban armies.
		He was then given an estate in Elis by the Spartan government, but when the Thebans defeated the Spartans at the battle of Leuctra 13 years later, he was forced to leave his home.
	www.in2greece.com /english/historymyth/history/ancient/xenophon.htm (286 words)

	Battle of Cunaxa - Battle Analysis by Artist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In battling our famous ancient generals I found Cunaxa to be a blank slate.
		Indeed Louis employed his exceptional offensive technique and even with a slow Persian advance the Asian light infantry were delft at routing even Heavy Cavalry before they made for Asia seconds later and Louis employed his cavalry even beyond their abilities.
		Louis opened the battle by staring the Greek PH right in the face, eyeball to eyeball, throwing javelins but not attacking.
	www.wargamer.com /greatbattles/cunaxa_analysis.asp (1596 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: Xenophon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Despite the help of the Greeks, Cyrus died in battle at Cunaxa, leaving the Greek mercenaries stranded and their command structures decimated.
		He was exiled, and lived on a farm in Spartan territory until Athens realigned herself with Sparta after the battle of Leuktra in 371.
		Although Xenophon's movements after 371 are unclear, his history continues until the battle of Mantineia in 362, when one of his sons, serving in the Athenian cavalry, was killed.
	www.literaryencyclopedia.com /php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=4824 (2783 words)

	Battles: The Battle of Cunaxa :: 0 A.D. :: Wildfire Games
		Cunaxa was a good example of what brilliant tactics could do against a smaller but more heavily armed and armored force.
		When Cyrus arrived at the ditch he was ready to do battle and he formed his troops conventionally with the Greeks under Clearchus on the right flank (a position of honor in the Greek army) anchored on the Eurphates River.
		In the aftermath of Cunaxa much happened, Artaxerxes rewarded those who served him and he humiliated those who stood against him, and the famous “Anabasis” (which means march of the ten thousand) started.
	wildfiregames.com /0ad/page.php?p=1516 (1387 words)

	Battle of Cunaxa : Cunaxa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		terms defined : Battle of Cunaxa : Cunaxa
		All is still licensed under the GNU FDL.
		Again, of her lineage nought know I; but generation, shall bless and praise the memory of her, and hallow her.
	www.termsdefined.net /cu/cunaxa.html (164 words)

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