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Topic: Battle of Custoza (1866)

	Historical Battles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		battle of Zurakow 1676 battle of Zlotow 1677 conquest of Weissenburg
		15.8.1702 battle of Luzzara 22.9.1702 battle of Thorn 12.10.1702 conquest of
		battle of Denain 22.12.1712 battle of Gadebesk 1713 conquest of Tönning
	britishbattles.homestead.com /files/index/HistoricalBattlesconsolidated.htm (8731 words)

	Italian Wars - Comments
		About the battle of Custoza (not Custozza) 1866 - it is simply not true that the Austrians, "brigade by brigade", were "much superior" to their Italian opponents.
		The cavalry was not used throughout the battle (BTW Pulz did not "broke one battalion after another" by his charge.
		Both battles of Custoza were lost by the Italians rather than won by the Austrians.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Talk:Italian_Wars (164 words)

	Battle of Lissa (1866) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It was the first major sea battle involving ships using iron and steam, and one of the last to involve deliberate ramming.
		The battle occurred as part of the Third Italian Independence War, in which Italy allied with Prussia in the course of the conflict against Austria.
		Tegetthoff (centre) at the Battle of Lissa, painting by Anton Romako.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Lissa_(1866) (2320 words)

	Funny DVD: The Austro-Prussian War: Austria's War with Prussia and Italy in 1866 - $24.99 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		However his ассоunt of the 1866 campaign and the battle оf Custoza relies heavily on Austrian material - оbviоuslу magnifying their troops' achievements as well as the Italian defeat - while Itаliаn sources, albeit mentioned in the bibliography, sееm to be discounted or rather neglected in the narration.
		The соnduсt of the battle on the part of the Italian аrmу, army corps, and sоmе division commanders was abysmally botched, an outright failure which led the troops on the field (and a few divisional commanders who fought very well) to lose a battle they had already won.
		During the battle an Аustriаn regiment, too, was routed, but this piece of news from the battlefield is apparently overlooked in the text.
	www.funnydvdmovies.com /tvr30353231363239353139.html (1247 words)

	Italy - MSN Encarta (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In April 1848 Pius IX denounced the war against Austria, and in July the Austrians defeated the Piedmontese army at the Battle of Custozza.
		In northern Italy, Austrian armies led by Field Marshal Joseph Radetzky crushed the revolutions in the Battle of Custoza.
		In 1866 Italy became the ally of Prussia in the Seven Weeks’ War against Austria.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761555207_12/Italy.html (2232 words)

	Arma dei Carabinieri - Home - > - EN - Military Operations
		It was at the baptism of fire in Grenoble on 6th July 1815 that divisions of mounted Carabinieri charged Napoleon's army, and contributed to the favourable outcome of the battle.
		During the course of the campaign for the unity of Italy between 1860 and 1861, they participated in the battle for the capture of Perugia on 14th September 1860 together with army unit under the command of General De Sonnaz positioned at St. Anthony's Gate.
		Equally generous was their contribution in the battles of Isonzo, Carso and Piave Rivers, and on Sabotino and San Michele.
	www.carabinieri.it /Internet/Multilingua/EN/MilitaryOperations (1008 words)

	Italy - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		In 1571 the Holy League—an alliance of the Papal States, Spain, Venice, and Genoa—defeated the Ottomans in the Battle of Lepanto.
		The Cisalpine Republic became the Kingdom of Italy in 1805 and Napoleon was crowned king of Italy at Milan.
		The Italians assumed the offensive, culminating in a victory in the Battle of Vittorio Veneto (October 24-November 4, 1918).
	ca.encarta.msn.com /text_761555207___36/Italy.html (14383 words)

	Amazon.com: Profile For Haydn: Reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		However his account of the 1866 campaign and the battle of Custoza relies heavily on Austrian material - obviously magnifying their troops' achievements as well as the Italian defeat - while Italian sources, albeit mentioned in the bibliography, seem to be discounted or rather neglected in the narration.
		The conduct of the battle on the part of the Italian army, army corps, and some division commanders was abysmally botched, an outright failure which led the troops on the field (and a few divisional commanders who fought very well) to lose a battle they had already won.
		During the battle an Austrian regiment, too, was routed, but this piece of news from the battlefield is apparently overlooked in the text.
	www.amazon.com /gp/cdp/member-reviews/A2V0BPMIWUAU1W (446 words)

	History of Komiza
		The battle involved the Italian fleet from Ancona and the Austrian fleet from Pula.
		Early on the morning of July 20, 1866 the Terrible, and the Varese were to again renew their bombardment of Komiza (the third day in a row that Komiza was to be bombarded), while the main fleet at St. George would attempt to land their marines and take the shore batteries.
		This battle is noted in almost all naval tactical books with a line or two, alluding to the strategy of ramming vessels rather than the older method of broadsiding.
	www.lissa.net /orleans/LIsola_di_Lissa.htm (7433 words)

	Notes on Senso
		In May of 1866, he proposed--and the Italians accepted--an alliance, which, in the event of a victorious outcome, would award Italy all the Italian-speaking districts south of the Alps.
		Custoza was a little more than a skirmish and the Italians, had they concentrated their forces, could have easily reversed the outcome.
		As it were, and as it would happen in many of the wars that they fought in the next eighty years or so, they lost their nerve and ordered a general retreat—to the astonishment of the Austrians.
	home.rochester.rr.com /flanzafame/SensoNotes.htm (1071 words)

	H.P.B. And The Battle Of Mentana
		The battle was one of a number of fights fought in Italy's struggle for independence.
		Was present at the battle of Mentana, November 3, 1867, and was wounded.
		There, in 1867, she was wounded at the Battle of Mentana and, after recovering from her wounds, she was directed by her Master to proceed to India.
	members.tripod.com /logos_endless_summer/id170.html (1352 words)

	Battle of Lissa 1866 - Bibliography
		Chatterton, E.K., 'Battle of Lissa, 1866', in Battles by Sea, Sidgwick and Jackson, London, 1925, 221-38.
		Reminiscences of the sea battle of Lissa}, Leibacher Zeitung, Leibach, 1910.
		Februar 1867 {The Sea Battle of Lissa and its implications for naval warfare: a lecture held at the Berlin Military Society on 15 February 1867}, J. Sittenfeld, Berlin, 1867, 24p.
	www.uow.edu.au /~morgan/lissa.htm (6889 words)

	Leopard (1963)
		He was decisively defeated at the Battle of Custoza.
		1866 (December) -- the last of the French troops departed from Rome, thereby freeing Italy from the presence of foreign soldiers for the first time in around a thousand years.
		During the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, Italy declared war on Austria-Hungary.
	www.vernonjohns.org /snuffy1186/leopard1936.html (1308 words)

	Austro-Prussian War 1866 - Prussia becomes a German and European power
		Superior Prussian organization and elan decided the battle against Austrian numerical superiority, and the victory was near total, with Austrian battle deaths nearly seven times the Prussian figure.
		Garibaldi's "Hunters of the Alps" defeated the Austrians at battle of Bezzecca, on 21.
		August 1866 resulted in the dissolution of the German Confederation, Prussian annexation of Schleswig-Holstein, Hanover, Hesse-Kassel, Nassau, and Frankfurt, and the exclusion of Austria from German affairs.
	www.germannotes.com /hist_empire_austro_prussian_war.shtml (856 words)

	Austro-Hungarian Army - Maximilian Ritter von Rodakowski
		During the period preparatory to the outbreak of hostilities with Prussia and Italy in the Spring of 1866, the regimental commander Oberst Ludwig Pulz was appointed to the command of a newly formed reserve cavalry brigade and on the 26th of April.
		Prior to the commencement of the battle of Custoza, due to a paucity of available infantry, Pulz's cavalry was assigned the task of covering South Army's southern flank against the approaching Italian forces under King Victor Emanuel II.
		For his gallantry at Custoza he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Leopold on the 18th of July 1866.
	www.austro-hungarian-army.co.uk /biog/rodakowski.html (871 words)

	Italian_unification - Thagodz Wiki
		He was decisively defeated at the Battle of Custoza on July 24, by the Austrian Marshal Josef Radetzky.
		In December 1866, the last of the French troops departed from Rome, in spite of the efforts of the pope to retain them.
		On July 20 the Regia Marina was defeated in the battle of Lissa.
	www.thagodz.com /search/wiki/?title=Italian_unification (6285 words)

	Renzo Piano - Biography & Achievements
		From 1848 to 1866 he fought for Italian independence and unification.
		He cut short his military career, as he was disillusioned with military life after the campaign of 1866.
		He fought in the Battle of Custoza in 1866 after which he and returned to civilian life.
	www.ultimateitaly.com /peoples/ernesto-teodoro-moneta.html (1472 words)

	The Austro-Prussian War -- Austria's War with Prussia in 1866
		He then focuses on the belated Italian attack, which was a case study in ineptitude, as both Italian and Austrian commanders bungled from one battle to another.
		Eventually, he covers the main battle of Custoza which the Austrians barley winning, mostly due to their superior firepower and weapons.
		Although Wawro provides good maps of troop placements and battles, which he uses to back up his points about Austrian and Italian mistakes, he clearly still assumes a lot of knowledge on the part of the reader as to Austrian, Italian, and German geography.
	www.onlineessays.com /essays/history/his242.php (1541 words)

	Brujula.Net - Your Latin Stating Point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		He rapidly mobilized the Prussian army and advanced across the border into Saxony and Bohemia, where the Austrian army was concentrating for an invasion of Silesia.
		Superior Prussian organization and élan decided the battle against Austrian numerical superiority, and the victory was near total, with Austrian battle deaths nearly seven times the Prussian figure.
		Second Battle of Custoza and on sea at the
	www.brujula.net /english/wiki/Austro-Prussian_War.html (710 words)

	Battle of Custoza (1866) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		For the first Battle of Custoza, see Battle of Custoza (1848).
		The Battle of Custoza took place on 24 June 1866 during the Third Italian Independence War in the Italian unification process.
		This article about a battle in Austrian history is a stub.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Custoza_(1866) (163 words)

	eBay.co.uk - 1866, Europe, Coins, Antiquarian Books Pre-1940 items at low prices (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Italy 1866 letter 20 C on 15 C stamp to Suisse
		Uruguay 1866 stamps 2x 1 C + 3x 5 C incl.
		1866 Victoria One Thirteenth Of A Shilling (rare)
	search.ebay.co.uk /1866 (333 words)

	Avalanche Press
		In just seven weeks in the summer of 1866, the newly-modernized Prussian army defeated its larger and better-experienced Austrian rival and completely overturned European power politics.
		Germany would become a united, ambitious empire, Italy a united kingdom, and Austria a multi-national empire shorn of her economic strength.
		Battles of 1866 is one of the largest games we’ve ever produced, a set of seven battle games all in one box.
	www.avalanchepress.com /gameBattles1866.php (657 words)

	The First Italian War of Independence (1848-49) -- a Military History
		A four day battle on 22-25 July at Custoza led to the first proper Austrian victory: with the Italians fighting bravely but being defeated almost by the Austrians' superior training and staff work.
		The Sardinains again expected Radetsky to retreat to the Quadrilaterals, and were somewhat surprised when, as they moved north towards the four cities, the Austrians moved south: outflanking the Sardinians and thrusting towards Turin itself (the capital of Sardinia).
		A great battle was fought at Novara in Piedmont on 23rd March, with the Austrians actually between the Italians and Turin.
	www.victorianweb.org /history/risorgimento/2.html (953 words)

	Noble Estates Wines & Spirits - Cavalchina ...
		The testimony of the Battle of Custoza in 1866 is a stone obelisk near the entrance to the Cavalchina estate, and indicating that Prince Amedeo of Savoia was wounded there.
		The most important aspect of Azienda Agricola Cavalchina is that in 1962 it was the first producer to put Custoza as the name of the wine from the region made with Fernanda, Trebbiano and Garganega and it has been successful in selling its wines to the fashionable markets of Rome and Milan.
		Each grape variety matures at a slightly different time, the beginning of September for the Trebbianello, late September for the Fernanda and the beginning of October for Trebbiano and Garganega, this means that each variety has to be vinified separately.
	www.nobleestates.com /Products/Cavalchina.htm (397 words)

	Julius von Payer Summary
		He participated in the 1859 Battle of Solferino.
		On June 24, 1866 he was heroic at the Battle of Custoza and was decorated.
		In 1868 he was invited by the German geographer August Petermann to participate in the 1869-1870 2nd German Northpolar Expedition ("Germania" under Koldewey).
	www.bookrags.com /Julius_von_Payer (470 words)

	Austro-Prussian War — FactMonster.com
		When the German diet responded by voting for a partial mobilization against Prussia, Bismarck declared that the German Confederation was ended.
		With an efficient military machine that amazed Europe, Prussia overran the German states allied with Austria and crushed (July 3) the Austrians at Sadová (or Sadowa; also known as the battle of Königgrätz), in E Bohemia.
		Custoza - Custoza or Custozza, village, Venetia, N Italy, near Verona.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/history/A0805396.html (357 words)

	CNN Interactive - Almanac - Wednesday, June 24, 1998
		In 1314, Robert the Bruce of Scotland inflicted a crushing defeat on superior English forces under King Edward II at the battle of Bannockburn.
		Appointed secretary of war, he undertook the organization of the British army for World War I. In 1859, Napoleon III defeated the Austrians at the Battle of Solferino in Lombardy.
		In 1866, in the Seven Weeks War, the Austrians scored a notable victory over the Italians in the second Battle of Custoza.
	edition.cnn.com /almanac/9806/24 (838 words)

	Famous Battles quiz -- free game
		The battle of Solferino occurred before the battle of Magenta.
		There was also a battle of Milazzo in ancient Roman history.
		Indicate the year the battle of Vittorio Veneto occurred.
	www.funtrivia.com /playquiz.cfm?qid=166921 (111 words)

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