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Topic: Battle of Drepana

	Battle of the Aegates Islands - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The battle of the Aegates Islands or Aegusa (offshore western coast of Sicily, 10 March 241 BC) was the final naval battle between the fleets of Carthage and the Roman Republic, during the First Punic War.
		The years preceding the battle of the Aegates Islands were of relative quiet development of the First Punic War.
		Rome lacked a fleet - the one it had at the beginning of the war had been destroyed in the Battle of Drepana and in the storm that followed - however Carthage made little use of this advantage.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_the_Aegates_Islands (674 words)

	Battle of Drepana - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The battle of Drepana or Drepanum (offshore modern Trapani, western coast of Sicily, 249 BC) was a naval battle between the fleets of Carthage and the Roman Republic, fought during the First Punic War.
		Meanwhile in the flagship, Pulcher performed the inspection of the omens for the battle, according to Roman religious tradition.
		The method ascribed for the situation was investigating the feeding behaviour of the sacred chicken, on board for that purpose.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Drepana (732 words)

	List of Roman battles - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Battle of Cape Ecnomus - A Carthaginian fleet under Hamilcar and Hanno is defeated in an attempt to stop a Roman invasion of Africa by Marcus Atilius Regulus.
		Battle of Herdonia - Hannibal destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius.
		357 - Battle of Strasbourg (357) - Julian expels the Alamanni from the Rhineland
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/List_of_Roman_battles (3415 words)

	drepana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Drepana, a harbour-town on the west-coast of Sicily, was the site of a crushing Roman defeat by the Carthagians.
		Before the battle, the auspices ex tripudiis (chicken oracle) was performed.
		He promptly lost the battle against the Carthagians, 93 Roman ships were sunk.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /drepana.html (215 words)

	Battle of Drepanum - 249 BC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Battle of Drepanum - 249 BC Battle of Drepanum (Drepana) - 249 BC In 249 BC, one of the current consuls, Publius Claudius Pulcher, son of the man who had started the war fifteen years earlier, set out with 10,000 fresh men to augment the crews and 123 ships to surprise Adherbal.
		Hoping to surprise the Carthaginian fleet there, Pulcher lost all capacity to "lead" his ships with the result that he was unable to react to events as they unfolded.
		The Romans kept sacred chickens in cages to determine the attitude of the gods: if they ate, the gods favored battle (hence if the chickens were not kept well fed, a favorable omen could usually be gotten).
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /drepana-249bd.htm (740 words)

	Battle of Ticinus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Battles of the Punic Wars, Roman battles, 218 BC Battle-of-Ticinus
		It was the first battle to take place on Italian soil.
		The outcome of the battle itself was trivial, with both forces suffering only minor setbacks and the main force of each army intact and ready for battle the next day.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Battles-of-the-Punic-Wars/Battle-of-Ticinus.html (376 words)

	Battle of Mylae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		After the battle of Agrigentum, the Roman Republic felt confident to pursue war with Carthage on sea.
		The first episode of Roman naval warfare, the battle of the Lipari Islands, was not brilliant: consul Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Asina managed to loose his whole squadron of 17 ships to Carthage without a fight.
		In the aftermath of the battle, the first naval success for Rome, Gaius Duilius was revered as a hero.
	read-and-go.hopto.org /Battles-of-the-Punic-Wars/Battle-of-Mylae.html (284 words)

	Polybius: the First Punic War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As the outfit of each force was just the reverse of what it had been at the battle of Drepana, the result also was naturally the reverse for each.
		The Romans had reformed their system of shipbuilding and had also put ashore all heavy material except what was required for the battle; their crews rendered excellent service, as their training had got them well together, and the marines they had were men selected from the army for their steadfastness.
		Their ships, being loaded, were not in a serviceable condition for battle, while the crews were quite untrained, and had been put on board for the emergency, and their marines were recent levies whose first experience of the least hardship and danger this was.
	www.livius.org /ps-pz/punic_war/polybius_1_61.html (387 words)

	Drepana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Drepana, a harbour-town on the west-coast of Sicily, was the siteof a crushing Roman defeat by the Carthagians.
		When the chicken would not feed – a bad omen -, thegeneral Publius Claudius Pulcher had them thrownoverboard saying if they won't eat, perhaps they will drink ("ut biberent, quoniam esse nollent", Cic.
		He promptlylost the battle against the Carthagians, 93 Roman ships were sunk.
	www.therfcc.org /drepana-184481.html (162 words)

	Rome: Total War @ The Wargamer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Though the actual numbers of troops involved in this last pitched battle of the First Punic War is not known, the victory encouraged the Romans to renew the offensive.
		In 247 B.C. the Carthaginian leader Hamilcar Barca arrived and though he did not have the forces to break the sieges of Drepana and Lilybaeum, held the Romans off for the rest of the war.
		The resulting Battle of the Aegates Islands was hard fought, but the Carthaginians were soundly defeated.
	totalwar.wargamer.com /punic_page4.html (687 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Roman fleet was commanded by, son of the man who had started the war fifteen years earlier.
		The Carthaginians had a fleet at Drepana, twenty- five miles north of Lilybaeum, and Pulcher resolved to attack it before the Carthaginian reinforcements could arrive.
		At the battle of Drepana, Pulcher was soundly defeated by superior Carthaginian seamanship and lost 93 ships.
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /publius-claudius-pulcher.htm (186 words)

	List of Roman battles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		249 BC - Battle of Drepana - Carthaginians under Adherbal defeat the fleet of Roman admiral Claudius Pulcher.
		356 - Battle of Reims (356) - Caesar Julian is defeated by the Alemanni
		447 - Battle of the Utus - Attila the Hun is defeated by the East Romans in an indecisive battle
	www.ukpedia.com /l/list-of-roman-battles.html (3164 words)

	The Warren: On March 10th in military history....in 241 BC
		The decisive battles were conducted at sea where the Carthaginians were the strongest.
		The decisive battle during the First Punic War was the Battle of the Aegates Islands.
		After the battle, Catulus was able to conquer Lilybaeum, thereby isolating the rest of Hamilcar’s army on Sicily.
	thewarrenat.blogspot.com /2005/03/on-march-10th-in-military-historyin.html (635 words)

	Drepana biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		it:Drepanon la:Drepanum Drepana, a harbour-town on the west-coast of Sicily, was the site of a crushing Roman defeat by the Carthaginians.
		He promptly lost the battle against the Carthaginians, 93 Roman ships were sunk.
		It never achieved the status of a civitas in Roman times.
	drepana.biography.ms (147 words)

	Battle of Aegates Islands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The battle of the Aegates Islands or Aegusa (offshore western coast of Sicily, March 10, 241 BC) was the final naval battle between the fleets of Carthage andthe Roman Republic, during the First Punic War.
		Rome lacked afleet -- the one it had at the beginning of the war had been destroyed in the battle of Drepana and in the storm that followed -- however Carthage made little use of this advantage.The war was stalled, concentrated in small scale land operations in Sicily.
		Nevertheless, Carthage's general Hamilcar Barca was slowly building an advantage on the island and probably dueto this, in 242 BC Rome decided to build another fleet and regain naval supremacy.
	www.therfcc.org /battle-of-aegates-islands-266987.html (619 words)

	Polybius: Histories, selected excerpts
		Apart from the other battles fought and the preparations made, which I described in my previous chapters, there were two sea fights, in one of which the combined numbers of the two fleets exceeded five hundred quinqueremes, in the other, nearly seven hundred.
		Those, therefore, who have spoken with wonder of the sea battles of an Antigonus, a Ptolemy, or a Demetrius, and of the greatness of their fleets, would, we may well believe, have been overwhelmed with astonishment at the hugeness of these proportions if they had had to tell the story of this war.
		Though the Romans had been severely defeated in the battles, and though they were at the time deprived of, roughly speaking, all their allies, they neither yielded so far to misfortune as to disregard what was becoming to themselves, nor omitted to take into account any necessary consideration.
	www.constitution.org /rom/polybi.htm (19952 words)

	Battle Of Drepana Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Looking For battle of drepana - Find battle of drepana and more at Lycos Search.
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	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Battle_of_Drepana (899 words)

	Battle of Drepana - InformationBlast
		Admiral Adherbal had similar, though less controversial, quick thinking and ordered the evacuation of Drepana before block was unavoidable.
		Carthage's ships thus sailed out of Drepana, passing south of the city and contoured two small islands in the coast to open ocean.
		But by then, everything was against his side, with the coast of Sicily in the back and a Punic fleet ready for battle at his front.
	www.informationblast.com /Battle_of_Drepana.html (708 words)

	Schlacht von Drepana - netlexikon
		Die Schlacht von Drepana or Drepanum (vor der Küste des modernen Trapani an der Westküste Siziliens im Jahr 249 v.
		In der Nacht verließ Hannibal die Stadt unter Mitnahme der nutzlosen Kavalleriepferde und lief in den Hafen von Drepana ein, bevor die Römer merkten, was los war.
		Pulcher, der Seniorkonsul entschied, einen Überraschungsangriff auf den Hafen von Drepana zu starten, wo die herausfordernden Schiffe vor Anker lagen.
	www.lexikon-definition.de /Schlacht-von-Drepana.html (707 words)

	Classical History on Demodocus.com Home of all things Classical
		Claudius Pulcher angrily drowned the sacred chickens of Juno when they would not eat before the battle of Drepana.
		According to their omen, Rome was soundly defeated in the battle.
		Naumachia were mock naval battles held in an amphitheater.
	www.demodocus.com /history/101hist.html (1626 words)

	Polybius on the Mercenaries War
		Hamilcar, on hearing this, was so delighted at the young man's courage in coming to him and his simple frankness at their interview that not only did he consent to associate him in his undertakings but swore to give him his daughter in marriage if he remained loyal to Carthage.
		The battle was a stubborn one, but ended in the victory of Hamilcar, the elephants fighting while and Naravas rendering brilliant services.
		They did not venture to march out and do battle, as they were faced by the certainty of defeat and condign punishment for all captured, and they did not even think of asking for terms, as they had their evil deeds on their conscience.
	www.robotwisdom.com /flaubert/salammbo/polybius.html (8970 words)

	Battle of Drepana - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Battle of Drepana - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This page was last modified 08:44, 11 May 2005.
		The article about Battle of Drepana contains information related to Battle of Drepana, Prelude, Not listening to chicken and its consequences, Aftermath and References.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Battle_of_Drepana (724 words)

	Batalla de Drepana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		La batalla de Drepana o de Drepanum (Trapani moderno costa afuera, costa occidental de Sicilia, 249 A.C.) era una batalla naval entre las flotas de Carthage y de la república romana, de combate durante la primera guerra de Punic.
		Cuando alcanzaron Drepana en la salida del sol, la flota fue dispersada en una línea larga, desorganizada con la nave de Pulcher en la parte posterior.
		La derrota de Drepana desmoralizaba tan que Roma esperó siete años para construir otra flota.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/ba/Batalla%20de%20Drepana.htm (743 words)

	Publius Claudius Pulcher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		As consul he was given commandof the Roman fleet during the First Punic War.
		He lost the Battle of Drepana against the Carthagians, supposedly because he ignored a bad omen when some chickens refused to eat.
		According to Suetonius and Cicero, Claudius threw them into the sea, ut biberent, quando esse nollent ("so thatthey might drink, since they refused to eat").
	www.therfcc.org /publius-claudius-pulcher-129326.html (160 words)

	[No title]
		Battle of the BAGRADES Valley, 255 BC (p.
		Battle of AEGATES ISLANDS, March 241 BC (p.
		At the end of the First Punic War, the Carthaginians surrended the island of Sicily.
	www.speakeasy.org /~bwduncan/cary12.txt (1502 words)

	History
		Further disasters struck Rome when a fleet sent to rescue the survivors was destroyed in a storm and thousands of trained oarsmen were drowned.
		The year 249 proved disastrous for Rome with a major defeat at the battle of Drepana off the west coast of Sicily and the loss of almost all the remaining fleet in a storm later in the year.
		At a battle off the Aegates Islands in the following year it met with what was the last of the Carthaginian forces, a fleet heavily laden with supplies for Sicily.
	cornellia.fws1.com /first_punic_war.htm (798 words)

	The Case of Tunisia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Alalia victory (535 B.C.), the first real battle in the Mediterranean, signed a breaking point in the trading equilibrium which was reached in previous centuries between Etruscans, Greeks and Carthaginians, the point of descent of the brief Etruscan parabola, and the appearance of the Latin-Cuman alliance.
		The Roman-Carthaginian first war (the causes; Milazzo battle; Ecnomo battle; the landing at Clupea and the death of Attilius Regulus; Drepana battle; Egadi battle; reasons and consequences of the Roman victory; The Mercenaries Revolt)
		Again the Romans knew how to assure the Numide support, which was decisive during the last battle fought on the African soil.
	phoenicia.org /cartunis.html (3593 words)

	Athena's Web Weekly Column
		This is one which illustrates both a loss of faith in a dying system, and its results.
		When Claudius Pulcher, the Roman Consul, saw the augury of the sacred chickens before setting out for battle with the Carthaginians in the first Punic War, he realized they were not going to eat.
		Seizing the cages which held the blameless birds, he threw them overboard, with the words, "If they will not eat, let them drink!" In the ensuing battle of Drepana, he was soundly defeated, losing 93 of the 123 ships in the greatest naval disaster in any of the three Punic wars Rome waged with Carthage.
	www.athenasweb.com /2000/columns/Column012100.html (804 words)

	Phoenicia, Phoenicians & Punic: Famous Carthaginians
		General/admiral who recaptured Agrigentum in 255-54, relieved Drepana in 254 and then co-operated with Adherbal after the battle of Drepana in 249 in keeping the sea power for Carthage.
		His manouvres between Lylibeo and Pachynus caused severe damages to two Roman fleets (burning and capturing ships in the West, relenting the navigation and exposing the Romans to a storm in the east).
		commander in chief of the Carthaginians in Africa against Regulus before and at the Bagradas Battle of 255 BC (Xanthippus was the trainer/planner but the Carthaginians certainly did not let him have the official leadership of the battle!) can be accounted.
	www.phoenicia.org /carthafamous.html (1016 words)

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