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Topic: Battle of Erzincan

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	Battle of Kara Killisse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Kara Killisse was a battle of Caucasus Campaign of World War I.
		The Ottoman Empire was defeated and its armies were forced to retreat.
		After defeat at the Battle of Malazgirt the Russians under General Oganovski retreated east back towards Baiburt (?).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Kara_Killisse (210 words)

	Battle of Sarikamis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Battle of Sarikamis, sometimes spelled Sarikamish or Sarıkamış, known in Turkish as Sarıkamış Faciası ("Sarikamis Tragedy"), was a decisive Russian victory over the Ottoman Empire in the Caucasus region during World War I.
		The battle finally ended on January 4 and the Ottoman army retreated in complete disorganization back through the mountains in the middle of winter.
		On the other side, the victor of the battle, General Yudenich, was appointed commander of the Russian Caucasus Army and he launched an offensive of his own in the summer of 1915 towards Erzincan and Lake Van.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Sarikamis (739 words)

	Caucasus Campaign Biography,info
		Sarikamis – Malazgirt – Kara Killisse – Van – Koprukoy – Erzurum – Erzincan – Sardarapat
		In July the Pasha Kerim launched a couterattack in the Lake Van area and defeated the Russians at the Battle of Malazgirt.
		Although the Armenians managed to inflict one defeat on the Ottomans at the Battle of Sardarapat, the Ottoman army won a later battle and scattered the Armenian army.
	www.danceage.com /biography/sdmc_Caucasus_Campaign (1899 words)

	Battle of Erzincan - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Erzincan was a Russian victory over the Ottoman Empire during the First World War.
		The Turkish commander, Enver Pasha launched an offensive in May, 1916 intending to recapture the ground lost to Nikolai Yudenich earlier that year.
		The Russian attack hit the Turkish communications center of Erzincan forcing Vehip's troops to retreat as well as losing many POWs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Erzincan (181 words)

	World War I timeline (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Battle of Tannenberg: the Russian army undergoes a heavy defeat by the Germans.
		Battle of the Vistula, aka Battle of Warsaw.
		Battle of Guillemont (intermediate phase of the Battle of the Somme)
	www.hillsboroughcaus.com /details/World_War_I_timeline (1821 words)

	List of military engagements of World War I - QuickSeek Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		For example, the First Battle of the Atlantic was more or less an entire theatre of war, and the so-called battle lasted for the duration of the entire war.
		Sixth Battle of the Isonzo or the "Battle of Gorizia"
		Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo or the "Battle of Caporetto"
	listofmilitaryengagementsofworldwari.quickseek.com (443 words)

	Peter Bagration
		As a lieutenant colonel, Alexander Bagration participated in the battles in the northern Caucasus, in a defense of southeast borders of the Russian Empire.
		Prior to the battle, Suvorov suggested to Potyemkin launching a frontal assault on the fortress, but the proposal was rejected.
		He was known for his calmness and boundless bravery in battle, speed and decisiveness of actions, and an eye for striking the enemy at the right moment.
	napoleon-series.org /research/biographies/bagration/c_bagration1.html (1313 words)

	History of the Seljuks of Anatolia
		After the Battle of Manzikert of 1071 and the arrival of the Anatolian Seljuks came the definitive occupation of the central part of Anatolia, later to become what is now known as the country of Turkey.
		Kılıç was away, battling in the eastern province of Malatya, and could not arrive in time to impede the seizure of his capital of Iznik by the Crusaders for the sake of the Byzantine emperor Alexis Comnena.
		The booty of the battle was used to embellish the capital of Konya.
	www.turkishhan.org /history.htm (5342 words)

	Nikolai Nikolaevich Yudenich -
		He was appointed Chief of Staff of the Kazan 1912 and Caucasus (1913) military districts.
		In the beginning of the World War I Yudenich was appointed Chief of Staff of the Caucasus army and in that position he won the battle of Sarikamis against Enver Pasha.
		In the summer of that year, his forces fought off a Turkish counter attack culminating in the battle of Erzincan (despite the presence of Turkish General Mustapha Kemal).
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Nikolai_Nikolaevich_Yudenich (659 words)

	News
		It's coming up to midnight and I'm writing this in the coach station of the city of Erzincan, a city nudging into the deep east of Turkey.
		I'd left the book on the bus from Tunceli and they had found it, turned round after they'd left Erzincan, found out which bus company I was travelling on with and left it with them.
		Around 7,000 were killed in the battle with the PKK.
	www.puk.org /web/htm/news/nws/news041119.html (1205 words)

	T.C. Kultur Bakanligi / Ministry of Culture, Republic of Turkey
		Although Argishti II was defeated in a battle against the Cimmerians in 707 B.C, he remained on the throne for many years.
		Among the castles he built to counter the Cimmerian threat were Altýntepe, near Erzincan, which is of special signifýcance because of its temple and apadana (Old Persian; tent supported by wooden poles), which was in fact a hall with many columns and graves which yielded a rich crop of gifts for the dead.
		Apadanas, of which there are a few examples in Urartian architecture, were buildings the roofs of which were supported by columns; they served as a venue for meetings.
	www.discoverturkey.com /english/yeni/van/king_rusa.html (439 words)

	Art & Culture - Literature
		When the minstrel wishes to deal with famine, fire, flooding, epidemics, important battles and other such matters of close concern to the social life of the community and to include his own birth date in the poem.
		In the battle between the vanguards of the two armies, Rustem defeated the Turks and took the Persian crown.
		After terrible battles, Rustem again defeated the Turks, and took captive the Chinese ruler, who was with the Turkish army.
	www.ualr.edu /mxsarimollao/turkiye/Art&Culture_7.htm (11139 words)

	The Battle of Erzincan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Turkish defeat at Sarakamish on the Caucasian front early in 1915 was followed by intermittent fighting which had died out by the autumn.
		By 16 February the Russians had captured the fortress of Erzerum, 40 miles farther west, after a three-day battle.
		Yudenich pierced the Turkish line at Bayburt, 60 miles to the north-west, on 2 July and, turning south-west, took Erzincan, 96 miles west of Erzerum, on 25 July.
	www.westernfront.co.uk /thegreatwar/articles/timeline/erzincan.htm (457 words)

	Sultanate of Rüm: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The battle of myriokephalon, also known as myriocephalum, was a battle between the byzantine empire and the seljuk turks in phrygia on september 17,...
		[Follow this hyperlink for a summary of this subject] at the Battle of Köse Dag (a mountain between Sivas and Erzincan Erzincan quick summary:
		Erzincan is a small city in the east anatolian region of turkey....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/s/su/sultanate_of_r%fcm.htm (2492 words)

	Timur at Erzincan, Turkey
		But the Emperor of Constantinople, and the Genoese of Pera, instead of doing what they had promised, allowed the Turks to pass from Greece into Turkey; and when they were defeated, they assisted them to escape; and this bad faith made Timur Beg very furious against the Christians.
		The name of this Turk, who was conquered by Timur Beg, was Ilderim Bayazid, which means ‘lightning.’ The name of his father was Amurath, a very good knight, who was killed by a Christian count, called Lazaro, on the field of battle, by two thrusts is his breast, which came out at his back.
		Afterwards this Ilderim Bayazid avenged the death of his father, by killing Count Lazaro in battle, with his own hand.
	www.gardenvisit.com /travel/clavijo/timuraterzincan.htm (1205 words)

	26 killed in Turkey coach accident - Deccan Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Twenty-six people were killed and 30 injured when a coach collided with other vehicles in Turkey’s eastern Erzincan province, the state-run Anatolian news agency said on Friday.
		The coach, heading towards the city of Erzincan Thursday evening crashed into a truck travelling in the opposite direction and then hit a minibus, Anatolian said.
		A local official said authorities were having difficulty in identifying the victims, including two drivers, as they were not carrying identification papers.
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/july312004/f5.asp (199 words)

	IslamiCity Forum: Battle of Sarikamis
		The Battle of Sarikamis, sometimes spelled Sarikamish or Sarýkamýþ, was a decisive Russian victory over the Ottoman Empire in the Caucasus region during World War I.
		In the following days, as more Ottoman forces arrived at the battle, they attacked without coordination and the Russians under the skillfull command of General Yudenich fought off the attacks one by one.
		The number of Turkish losses is unknown, estimate range from 175,000 dead out of an army of 190,000 to 60,000 dead out of an army of 90,000.
	www.islamicity.com /forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=3329&PN=1 (691 words)

	Adiyaman with Guide To Turkey...
		Water was brought up from the Kahta Cayi via a stepped passage-way and stored in a cistern.
		For the "express" delivery of messages, carrier pigeons were used, notably during Sultan Kala'un's decisive battle against the Mongols at Horns (1281).
		A short distance east of Dikilitas are the remains of a triple-arched bridge (center arch, 31m/102ft, collapsed) over the Goksu, the ancient Singas, a tributary of the Euphrates.
	guidetoturkey.com /aboutturkey/cities_sites/02_adiyaman/adiyaman.asp (1573 words)

	Essays
		After a day or so of capturing the spider, I obtained a few crickets from the reptile store for the purpose of feeding my captive.
		I dropped one particularly large cricket into the container expecting an instant battle between the giant insect and the smaller arachnid.
		The Black-widow spider deliberately moved away from the cricket, climbing to the top of the jar.
	www.donn.com /essays.htm (6456 words)

	Turkish Alevis Today (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The murder of Ali’s son, Hüseyin, at the battle of Kerbela is especially remembered.
		A main purpose of this fast is to mourn the murder of Ali's son, Hüseyin, during the battle of Kerbela.
		At the conclusion of the fast of Muharrem, a special food dish called ashure (asure) is prepared from a variety (often 12 in number) of grains, fruits and nuts.
	www.isik.ch /alevi/alevi_john_English.htm (9343 words)

	TURKEY
		They kill police."Another torture victim who was detained in Erzincan told us that, "The policeman said, `We are an organization, too.
		MHP was recreated after a ban on pre-coup parties and politicians was lifted.
		groups are active today and often battle leftist or Kurdish groups, though at a much lower level than the fighting of the 1970s.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1997/turkey/Turkey-08.htm (1730 words)

	BBC News \| Europe \| Turkish fury over shoddy housing
		Contractors use the cheapest materials, says Professor Teymur, despite the fact that much of the region lies on an active faultline.
		More than 20 earthquakes in Turkey in the past 75 years have exceeded 6.0 on the Richter scale, one killing 45,000 people in Erzincan in 1939.
		All this should have made proper housing policies and rigorous inspection systems even more important.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/europe/423702.stm (523 words)

	Caucasus Campaign - QuickSeek Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The collapse of the Russian government and the start of the Civil War in 1918 allowed the Turks to recapture all the territory they had lost and more.
		Sarikamis – Kara Killisse – Koprukoy – Erzurum – Erzincan
		The chief war aim of the Ottoman government was the recovery of their former lands in Eastern Anatolia which they had lost due to the Russo-Turkish War, 1877-78.
	caucasuscampaign.quickseek.com (1525 words)

	(GOOD, BAD, UGLY) Tall Armenian Tale: The Other Side of the Falsified Genocide
		General Antranig is worshiped by his countrymen for his heroic fighting in their defense against the Turks.
		After the Russian revolution these Armenian troops, left alone in Turkish Armenia, mobilized 25,000 soldiers from the refugees and for three months in continuous battle kept the Turks out of the Caucasus.
		ADDENDUM, Sept. 2005: The Antranik Battles is a book written in Armenian by K. Kukulyan and published in 1929 in Beirut: In April 1904, as reported by K. Gurun, "The Armenian File": "...the Armenian rebellions spread from the hills of Sassoun and the plain of Mush to Van.
	tallarmeniantale.com /good-bad-ugly-armenians.htm (6034 words)

	IslamiCity Forum: Battle of Sarikamis
		Sarikamis — Kara Killisse — Koprukoy — Erzurum — Erzincan
		May Allah bless their souls,so many of them frozen while standing...today is the annual ceremony of the battle.....
		If you wish to post a reply to this topic you must first login
	www.islamicity.com /forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=3329&PN=1 (691 words)

	Townhall.com :: Columns :: Not a disastrous year by Marvin Olasky - Dec 29, 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Megan Basham is a film critic for Townhall.com.
		When the president of Turkey arrived in Erzincan in December 1939, two days after an earthquake that had killed 50,000, an elderly woman wearing a fl dress covered with dust ran past security guards and demanded of him: "President!
		He could have reminded her that her husband and son were crushed by sand and rocks they had placed on the roof to provide additional winter insulation, but she was not asking that question.
	www.townhall.com /opinion/columns/marvinolasky/2005/12/29/180611.html (805 words)

	Salem Press
		Agincourt, Battle of (1415), 746, 753, 849, 864
		Las Navas de Tolosa, Battle of (1212), 368
		Talas River, Battle of (751), 35, 60, 170, 174-176, 179
	salempress.com /Store/samples/great_events_from_history_middle_ages/great_events_from_history_middle_ages_index.htm (2952 words)

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