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	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Battle of Falkirk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Battles may be small scale, only involving a handful of individuals, perhaps two squads, up to battles on army levels where hundreds of thousands may be engaged in a single battle at one time.
		A "decisive battle" is one of particular importance; by bringing hostilities to an end, such as the Battle of Hastings, or as a turning point in the fortunes of the belligerents, such as the Battle of Stalingrad.
		At the Battle of Falkirk (1298), said to be the first battle in which the longbow proved decisive, the troops of English king Edward I defeated the Scots under Sir William Wallace.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Battle-of-Falkirk (306 words)

	Falkirk Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland
		Falkirk Wheel is returning Falkirk to the must-see lists of visitors to central Scotland.
		Alongside the main approach road to the Falkirk Wheel from the centre of town, at Watling Lodge, is a wonderfully preserved stretch of the Antonine Wall.
		Today the battle is commemorated by a memorial on the edge of Victoria Park, on the north side of Falkirk, though many believe the battle actually took place on a site now just to the east of the town.
	www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk /falkirk/falkirk/index.html (677 words)

	Jacobite Rebellion, 1745-1746
		Battle of Prestonpans (The Battles of Clan Cameron)
		Battle of Falkirk (The Battles of Clan Cameron)
		Battle of Culloden (The Battles of Clan Cameron)
	www.regiments.org /wars/18thcent/45Stuart.htm (343 words)

	Scottish Towns - Falkirk - Local History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Falkirk witnessed the coming of the Romans, for it was here that Julius Agricola supervised the continuation of the Antonine Wall (in AD80), that great barricade that stretches across what is now central Scotland - winding its way between Bo'ness in the east to Old Kilpatrick in the west.
		It was a 'messy' battle compounded by the storm that broke, bringing with it a relentless driving rain which swept across this desolate ground.
		The Battle of Falkirk was a victory for the Jacobites but it was their last; just under three months later (April 16th 1746) at Culloden in Inverness the tired, weary and hungry forces of Charles Edward Stuart faced the might of the Duke of Cumberland's army.
	www.scottish-towns.co.uk /stirlingshire/falkirk/history.html (287 words)

	ipedia.com: Battle of Falkirk (1298) Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Battle of Falkirk Conflict Wars of Scottish Independence Date July 21, 1298 Place Falkirk, Scotland Result English victory Combatants England Scotland Commanders Edward I William Wallace Strength 20,0...
		In addition, at the time they left, the battle's result was fairly predictable: the Scottish would be defeated but first they would inflict casualties on the English.
		The Scottish cavalry fought at the Battle of Bannockburn.
	www.ipedia.com /battle_of_falkirk__1298_.html (559 words)

	The Battle of Falkirk 1746
		The regiments present at the battle were: Cobham’s (10th), Ligonier’s late Gardiner’s (13th) and Hamilton’s (14th) Dragoons, the Royals (1st), Howard’s Old Buffs (3rd), Barrel’s King’s Own (4th) Wolfe’s (8th), Pulteney’s (13th), Price’s (14th), Blakeney’s (27th), Cholmondeley’s (34th), Munro’s (37th), Fleming’s (36th), Ligonier’s (48th) and Battereau’s (62nd) Foot.
		On 17th January 1746 the rebels were seen marching up onto Falkirk Moor to the south west of the town.
		The artillery was stuck in the mud at the bottom of the hill.
	www.britishbattles.com /battle_of_falkirk.htm (623 words)

	Heritage & Culture
		Falkirk was host to two major battles; the First Battle of Falkirk in 1298 where William Wallace led the Scots into battle against Edward’s English army and the Battle of Falkirk Muir in 1746 where Bonnie Prince Charlie and the Jacobites defeated the government forces.
		Callendar House in Falkirk is a museum and visitor attraction, with permanent and changing exhibitions and historical research facilities.
		Falkirk Town Hall is a major venue for performing arts, entertainments and film.
	www.falkirk.gov.uk /the_area/the_area.aspx (235 words)

	History around Falkirk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Falkirk had, from the 16th century at least, been a town with a tolbooth steeple.
		The first battle of Falkirk in 1298 saw the death of many of the great and powerful of the Scottish nobles and chieftains.
		Many of the fallen were carried to the kirkyard of Falkirk, and there they remain, their graves marked by fine memorials.
	web.ukonline.co.uk /members/tom.paterson/falkirk.htm (273 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		During the Second Jacobite Rising, the Battle of Falkirk was the last noteworthy Jacobite success.
		On 17 January 1746 he engaged the Jacobites on Falkirk Moor, but his cannons were not able to be effectively drawn to the battle field.
		He relied on cavalry to rout the Jacobite troops, but his dragoons' charge failed under a severe volley from the Highlanders and they retreated, in turn causing the foot regiments of the Royal army to flee the field.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Battle_of_Falkirk_(1746) (202 words)

	MilitaryHistoryOnline.com - The Bruce, Bannockburn and Independence
		After the monumental battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297, Wallace was knighted and proclaimed guardian of the kingdom, ruling in John Balliol's name and Scotland was left alone for the next year as Edward I become entangled in difficult relations with France.
		The English began to deploy toward the Scots in battle order but their steady advance was halted by the unexpected softness of the ground and Edward was forced to move his troops to the left.
		It is the battles at Stirling and Falkirk led by Wallace that serve as a catalyst for this movement of independence and if Wallace had lived to see the battle at Bannockburn, I am sure we would find his name in the history books fighting alongside his King.
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com /renaissance/bannockburn/default.aspx (2928 words)

	Battle of Falkirk & Execution of Wallace (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Wallace, indefatigable and undismayed, had meanwhile collected from amid the peasantry, of whom he was guardian, and to whom he was an idol, a resolute force of 8,000-10,000 total men, including the reserves (mostly cavalry and infantry) brought by Red Comyn.
		With these he moved to Falkirk, in West Lothian, where, with great skill, he chose a strong position, having in its front a morass impassable for cavalry, and his flanks covered by breastworks of palisades driven into the earth and bound together by ropes.
		The remainder of the Battle of Falkirk and the details of Wallace's capture & execution.
	members.aol.com /Skyewrites/falkirk1.html (2737 words)

	Background - Conflict - Manuscripts & Special Collections - The University of Nottingham
		The battle of Preston Pans and the invasion of England
		The retreat of the Highlanders and the battle of Falkirk
		The battle opened with a cavalry charge, but since the government troops had to charge uphill in the face of driving rain and hail they were thrown back, and became tangled up with the advancing British infantry.
	www.nottingham.ac.uk /mss/online/conflict/theme2/background-falkirk.phtml (733 words)

	The educational encyclopedia, medieval history
		Battle of Hastings (1066) Harold the Second and Duke William fight for the throne of England.
		Battle of Pinkie Cleugh The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh, along the banks of the River Esk near Musselburgh on 10 September 1547, was part of the War of the Rough Wooing,....
		Battle of Stamford Bridge it was the last Viking battle on English soil and ended the Viking era of English history
	www.educypedia.be /education/medievalbattles.htm (393 words)

	In Freedom's Cause by G. A. Henty: Chapter X. The Battle of Falkirk
		But presently the king, with his enormous body of infantry, arrived on the ground, and the English archers and slingers poured clouds of missiles into the ranks of the Scots; while the English spearmen, picking up the great stones with which the ground was strewn, hurled them at the front ranks of their foes.
		Thus decisive as was the battle of Falkirk it was entirely abortive in results.
		Encumbered by their prisoners, the Scots were at a disadvantage; and fearing to be attacked by these in the rear while engaged in front, they slaughtered the greater portion of the prisoners, and arming the camp followers, prepared to resist the English onslaught.
	www.online-literature.com /ga-henty/in-freedoms-cause/11 (3045 words)

	Town Centre UPdate
		The 700th anniversary of the Battle of Falkirk was celebrated when the Duke of Montrose - ancestor of Sir John de Graeme, one of the heroes who fell that day - unveiled a replica of the sword his famous relative used in the conflict.
		Falkirk Council, Falkirk and District Arts and Civic Council, and the Sir William Wallace Lodge of Free Colliers all contributed towards the cost of renovating Sir John's final resting place and having the replica sword made by Bonnybridge craftsman and artist Frank Agar.
		Falkirk Council have given permission for the proposed extension to the retail park, which includes some retail space as well as a multiplex cinema, and more car parking spaces.
	www.almac.co.uk /falkirktcm/towncentreupdate.htm (1716 words)

	BBC News \| SCOTLAND \| Five join battle for Falkirk
		The Falkirk West by-election contest has stepped up a gear as five candidates are revealed on the day nominations close.
		That represented a 4% swing from the SNP to Labour.
		"In Falkirk, the SNP points to its relative success in the local authority and European elections in 1999, arguing that those are a better pointer to the current contest.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/scotland/1060091.stm (441 words)

	Scotsman.com News - Rain blinds psychic to Falkirk battle site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Battle of Falkirk, in 1298, one of the biggest and bloodiest battles ever fought on British soil, was Edward I’s revenge on William Wallace for the patriot’s defeat of the English army at Stirling Bridge the year before.
		Historians know the battle was fought on 2 July, 1298, in a quadrant measuring eight miles by four, with the modern town of Falkirk at its centre.
		Wallace was heavily defeated in the battle which was one of the biggest and bloodiest ever fought on British soil.
	news.scotsman.com /index.cfm?id=1171272002&rware=PWYVMTFFUCMV&CQ_CUR_DOCUMENT=3 (981 words)

	Falkirk travel guide - Wikitravel
		Falkirk Grahamston Station which is on the Falkirk, Carronshore loop.
		Due to its location on one of the main routes north into the Highlands, Falkirk and Stirlingshire have been the site of many battles between the Scots and the English.
		Perhaps the most famous battle after Culloden and Bannockburn (just to the north of Falkirk) is the Battle of Falkirk between Robert the Bruce and the English army.
	wikitravel.org /en/Falkirk (785 words)

	Falkirk Hotels, B&Bs and self catering accommodation
		The town is also world renowned for its battle site that resulted in the defeat of Scotland's 'Braveheart', William Wallace at the battle of Falkirk in 1298.
		Located in historic Falkirk, the Antonine Hotel is situated in the town centre and is one of the most stylish hotels in town.
		Argyll, The Isles, Loch Lomond, Stirling and Trossach: Falkirk
	www.gnws.co.uk /falkirk/hotels.htm (525 words)

	Falkirk - World Travel Guide
		Falkirk High Station on the main Glasgow to Edinburgh line, also stop at Linlithgow.
		Falkirk is mid way between Glasgow and Edinburgh and sits between the M8 motorway and the M9 motorway
		Falkirk is service by the Grangmouth Docks on the Forth River where light cargo ships and coastal tankers call.
	www.world-travel-guide.net /index.php?title=Falkirk (628 words)

	The Battle of Culloden 1746
		In addition to practising volley firing the troops were taught a form of bayonet fighting; the first time in the British army that the use of the bayonet had been the subject of tuition.
		The battle began at around one o’clock with the makeshift Jacobite artillery opening fire from its position in the centre of the line.
		It is said that after the battle the Duke pointed at a wounded higlander and directed Major James Wolfe to shoot him.
	www.britishbattles.com /battle_of_culloden.htm (2431 words)

	News \| TimesDaily.com \| TimesDaily \| Florence, AL
		The Battle of Falkirk, (BlÃ r na h-Eaglaise Brice in Gaelic) which took place on 22 July 1298, was a major engagement in the First War of Scottish Independence.
		Unable to retreat or attack the battle was lost for the Scots almost as soon as the first arrows began to fall.
		The Battle of Dunbar had, in retrospect, been the last significant victory of medieval cavalry unsupported by archers and infantry.
	www.timesdaily.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Battle_of_Falkirk_(1298) (1332 words)

	William Wallace - Military History Wiki
		He definitely enters history when he killed the English Sheriff of Lanark, this was not an isolated incident but part of a generalised Scottish rising, although according to later legend this was to avenge the killing of his wife.
		September 11, 1297, saw a decisive victory for Wallace and the Scots at the Battle of Stirling Bridge.
		A year later the military tables turned at the Battle of Falkirk.
	www.militaryhistorywiki.org /wiki/William_Wallace (1852 words)

	Battle of Falkirk
		It was a fine sight, he remarked to his marshal of the central battle, the Lord Galloway.
		The battle opened with the English advancing their center and left to the base of the hill and concentrating longbow fire on the slowly advancing Scots line.
		The battle took three hours to fight to a conclusion and proved simple, fast-moving and gave an accurate-enough feel of the medieval era.
	members.shaw.ca /kblackley/falkirk.htm (1217 words)

	Age of Kings Heaven - The Blacksmith :: Battle of Falkirk
		The Battle of Falkirk is a three-scenario FF campaign, which depicts the Scottish rebellion led by William Wallace to free Scotland from English Grasps.
		Before the start of Battle the player is given command of Robert Bruce and his men and has the option to fulfill some side quests to give some advantage to the Scottish in battle.
		The battle starts initially and the English troops and their allies charge in large numbers at the Scottish troops marking the beginning of the bloody battle.
	aok.heavengames.com /blacksmith/showfile.php?fileid=1232&ci=a91315ff485462bccb7e229178b9d404N7z6irJpEq7K1zWj2QOZurHJVuJff7RWW7HDwq4eK5AnVxDoyti4WA57oIYHgDp5D3ysZ3N1jG5DK9OGAZcfNQgTbfqT7FfpT2gvns9BCzlDP5iNcl3qnSfViCfjBCwkkjzIFuW9zU83KP3y2TzX1gAr (2167 words)

	battle of Falkirk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		For the remainder of 1297 the now knighted Wallace and his army raided English towns to the south for supplies, which forced Edward to discontinue his negotiations with the French to once again deal with the troublesome rebel.
		Edward gathered the largest army assembled since the days of Agricola for the battle and met Wallace at Falkirk in 1298.
		The Battle of Falkirk (1298) effectively crushed Scottish resistance, at least temporarily.
	web.pdx.edu /~bettiet/falkirk.htm (157 words)

	Camelot Village: Britain's Heritage and History
		It is the purpose of the section to attempt to explain the battles that have shaped the United Kingdom and it’s society of today.
		Not all of the battles have been fought on British soil, indeed not all are land battles, and some may not be as familiar to us as others but all have had a great effect on the United Kingdom.
		After the battle of Falkirk the English force had a new leader - the King's second son.
	www.camelotintl.com /heritage/battles/index.html (622 words)

	Camelot Village: Britain's Heritage and History
		This proved as catastrophic as the prince's first order of battle as the Highlanders became lost and separated with many finding the firmness of the ground beneath their feet being replaced by bog.
		The battle opened with a cannonade with the weight of numbers leading to the Scots batteries being silenced with great carnage by the British guns.
		The battle of Culloden proved to be the death knell for the Stuart cause in Britain.
	www.camelotintl.com /heritage/battles/culloden.html (1050 words)

	The Battle of Culloden
		An anecdote in connection with the battle of Falkirk is told of the Earl's lady.
		This well-laid scheme was in some degree successful; for Hawley was so fascinated by the elegant appearance and engaging demeanour of the Countess, that he passed several hours in her company, during which time Charles found ample opportunity for choosing, as he did, a favourable position for his army.
		(2) The battle of Falkirk, in which the young adventurer was victorious, was fought on the afternoon of the 17th of January, 1746.
	www.clanboyd.info /history/wboyd/index.htm (3347 words)

	Falkirk town map - Ronald P A Smith Street Plans
		The Falkirk Street Plan includes Larbert, Stenhousemuir, Carron and Carronshire, taking in the whole of the urban area to the north of the River Carron.
		Situated in the heart of Scotland, Falkirk is associated by many with heavy industry of the past.
		A major new attraction is the Falkirk Wheel at the west end of the town.
	www.rpasmith.co.uk /falkirk.htm (1149 words)

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