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Topic: Battle of Gaza

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Salamis, Cyprus

	First Battle of Gaza - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The battle was the first predominantly infantry assault of the campaign and was a costly fiasco for the British command who handed victory to the Turks.
		The estimated Turkish strength in Gaza was 4,000 with a further 11,000 troops in the vicinity.
		Both Dobell and his superior, General Murray, portrayed the battle as a success in their reports to the British War Office and excused the withdrawal by claiming the approaching Turkish reinforcements were a threat and that the horses of the mounted troops had not been watered all day.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_Battle_of_Gaza (1671 words)

	Record of Commemoration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Gaza is 3 kilometres inland from the Mediterranean coast, 65 kilometres south-east of Tel Aviv.
		Gaza War Cemetery is 1.5 kilometres north-east of the city near the Bureir Road and 370 metres from the railway station.
		The Second Battle of Gaza, 17-19 April, left the Turks in possession and the Third Battle of Gaza, begun on 27 October, ended with the capture of the ruined and deserted city on 7 November.
	www.hants.gov.uk /westendlhs/mem14-19/ryves2.htm (371 words)

	Gaza (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The oldest attested records naming Gaza are ancient Egyptian, in which it it variously transcribed as q-ḏ-t or g-ḏ-t, in an attempt to render the Canaanite sounds ġ and z not found in the Egyptian of that period.
		Gaza became a Muslim city in 635, when it was captured by the Arabs.
		Gaza served as the administrative headquarters for the Israeli military forces that militarily administered the Gaza Strip from 1967 to 1994.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/G/Gaza.htm (536 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The Second Battle of Gaza, 1917
		Having failed in his first attempt to capture Gaza on 26-27 March 1917, Sir Archibald Murray, commander of British-led forces in the region, was obliged to contemplate an early renewal of hostilities as a direct consequence of the manner of his report of the initial action to Britain's War Office.
		Thus the battle was renewed on 17 April 1917.
		It began with triumph at the Third Battle of Gaza in October/November 1917.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/gaza2.htm (488 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The Third Battle of Gaza, 1917
		With Edmund Allenby's appointment to command of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force in the wake of two failed attacks at Gaza in March and April 1917 - replacing Sir Archibald Murray who was recalled to London - he was tasked by British Prime Minister David Lloyd George with the capture of Jerusalem by Christmas 1917.
		Both earlier attacks at Gaza had to some extent foundered on account of water shortages - an ever-present concern in desert warfare - and Allenby understood that establishing command of water supplies would be a key factor in his wider plan of capturing Jerusalem.
		Thus the Third Battle of Gaza - also referred to as the Battle of Beersheba - was initiated early on the morning of 31 October 1917.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/gaza3.htm (694 words)

	The First Gaza Engagement
		Dobell was well aware that, if the Turks anticipated his attack on Gaza and concentrated the bulk of their troops in the area Gaza-Beersheba-Huj-Shellal, the position, with its exceptional natural defenses, would be unassailable by the troops at his command.
		Gaza was encircled, and the success or failure of the day now rested with the infantry of the 53rd Division.
		To the Turks and their leaders the saving of Gaza was a miracle of good fortune, a special act of grace by Allah; and it cheered and fortified the enemy as no ordinary hard-fought victory could possibly have done.
	www.members.optushome.com.au /pasu/first_gaza.htm (11290 words)

	Battle of Gaza - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Gaza (312 BC) was fought between Ptolemy I of Egypt and Demetrius I of Macedon
		The Battle of Raphia in 217 BC, also known as the Battle of Gaza, was fought between Ptolemy IV of Egypt and Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid kingdom.
		The Third Battle of Gaza (October 31–November 7, 1917) was a British victory
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Gaza (187 words)

	Gaza City Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In biblical times Gaza was one of the major cities of the Philistines.
		During World War I, Gaza was the scene of three battles by British and Commonwealth forces in their campaign against the Ottoman Empire.
		The city was captured from the Ottomans' after the Third Battle of Gaza ended on November 7, 1917.
	www.variedtastes.com /encyclopedia/Gaza_City (763 words)

	Battle of Gaza (312 BC)
		The battle opened with the confrontation of the advance-guards of the stronger cavalry wings, in which Demetrius drove off his opponents.
		While the cavalry battle on the flank was progressing, Demetrius brought forward his elephants apparently hoping to demoralize, rather than actually engage, the opposing troops.
		Upon reaching Gaza, they were entering to secure their baggage, Ptolemy appeared on the scene and were able to gain entrance to the city before the gates could be closed.
	www.fanaticus.org /DBA/battles/gaza312bc.html (706 words)

	washingtonpost.com: Deep in Gaza, a Lopsided Battle
		GAZA CITY -- Mohammed Jibril, 13 years old and terrified, heard the cannons of 60-ton Merkava tanks booming from the bottom of the narrow lane that runs past his house in the heart of Gaza City.
		Although Israelis and Palestinians described the fighting as one of the most intense urban battles in the Gaza Strip during the past 28 months of conflict, no Israeli soldiers died and none was injured.
		In clashes here in Gaza, the most successful tactics of Palestinian fighters have been to pick off soldiers outside the safety of their armored vehicles and lay explosives in the roads and sandy pathways.
	www.washingtonpost.com /ac2/wp-dyn/A49387-2003Feb9?language=printer (2370 words)

	The Incense Road: Gaza
		At the battle of Gaza there was a unit of 50 javelineers, slingers and archers (of whom a third were bowmen) in each interval.
		At the battle of Gaza spiked devices, possibly caltrops, connected by chains were also thrown in front of the elephants.
		Gaza was the principle port city on the Mediterranean Sea that served the Incense Road until the Maritime Incense Route was established.
	nabataea.net /gaza1.html (818 words)

	TWELVE KILLED IN GAZA CITY BATTLE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Among the dead were Mohammed Hilles, 18, the son of Ahmed Hilles, the top leader of Yasser Arafat's Fatah faction in Gaza and Hani Abu Skhaila, a senior Hamas commander previously targeted by Israeli forces.
		In southern Gaza town of Rafah, close to the Egyptian border another suspected gunman was killed when troops backed by tanks and armored bulldozers moved in to close down weapons smuggling tunnels.
		According to Palestinian sources two civilians were among the dead form the Gaza City battle, and seven of the wounded were in critical condition.
	icej.org /cgi-local/view.cgi?type=headline&artid=2004/02/11/754748297 (211 words)

	Flags, posters used in Gaza credit battle - Boston.com - Middle East - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The battle between Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas and Hamas over who will get credit for the Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip is being fought in print shops, flag factories and back alley sewing workshops.
		GAZA CITY, Gaza Strip --The battle between Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas and Hamas over who will get credit for the Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip is being fought in print shops, flag factories and back alley sewing workshops.
		The militants may have speeded up the withdrawal, but in the end Gaza is such a miserable place that no one wants it, said Ziad al-Murannia, 54, a Gaza City shopkeeper.
	www.boston.com /news/world/middleeast/articles/2005/08/02/flags_posters_used_in_gaza_credit_battle?mode=PF (839 words)

	Gaza Battle Rages, Israel Unrepentant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Two Palestinian children were killed by Israeli fire in the northern Gaza Strip refugee camp of Jabaliya yesterday.
		The deaths brought to 91 the number of Palestinians killed since Israeli armour first poured into the Gaza Strip on September 28.
		Israeli officials were unrepentant about their onslaught, despite a growing international outcry that saw 11 countries support a critical draft resolution at the UN Security Council.
	www.rense.com /general58/gazabattlerages.htm (102 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The First Battle of Gaza, 1917
		Advancing under the protection of a dense sea fog his cavalry successfully cut off the rear of Gaza east and south-east on the morning of the attack's launch, 26 March, meanwhile deploying so as to prevent the supply of reinforcements to the town.
		The central infantry advance, conducted by 53rd Infantry Division, was launched across difficult terrain from the ridge of Ali Muntar and was greatly assisted by the encircling cavalry.
		Inexplicably with victory apparently in sight towards the end the of the day Sir Philip Chetwode withdrew his cavalry forces under orders from Dobell, the latter mistakenly believing that the infantry advance was proving a failure.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/gaza1.htm (400 words)

	israelinsider: What? No Gaza?
		Gaza itself is not just an area of disputed land.
		For the Palestinians, Gaza symbolizes an all-out battle.
		In Gaza, official forces number 25,000 and unofficial Hamas and Islamic Jihad forces are just as large, if not stronger.
	www.israelinsider.com /views/articles/views_0402.htm (825 words)

	Third Battle of Gaza -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Under the direction of his subordinate, General Charles Dobell, two attempts were made to capture Gaza on March 26 ((Click link for more info and facts about First Battle of Gaza) First Battle of Gaza) and April 19 ((Click link for more info and facts about Second Battle of Gaza) Second Battle of Gaza).
		Murray had been an enthusiastic advocate of the offensive in Palestine; a stance that contributed to his downfall because the British (Click link for more info and facts about War Office) War Office, who previously were unwilling to commit resources to a minor theatre of war, were now eager for results.
		The first action at Gaza took place before dawn on November 2 when the 161st and 162nd Brigades of the (Click link for more info and facts about 54th Division) 54th Division attacked the Turkish trench system in the sand dunes between Gaza and the sea.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/th/third_battle_of_gaza.htm (2419 words)

	Battle of Gaza
		General Friedrich Kressenstein, commander of the Turkish Expeditionary Force, occupied the coastal fortress of Gaza, blocking the main route into Palestine.
		General Murray was determined to take Gaza and sent General Dobell, commander of the Eastern Forces, in March 1917.
		In June 1917, General Edmund Allenby was transferred from the command of the Third Army in France to become commander of the British Forces in Palestine.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWgaza.htm (571 words)

	BORR Terrorism News: Seven die in Gaza gun battle
		The attack on the Erez army checkpoint - in which the three gunmen were themselves shot dead - came just hours after Palestinian militants vowed to maintain their campaign of violence against Israel.
		The BBC's James Rodgers in Gaza says this illustrates the scale of the problem the Palestinian prime minister faces as he tries to curb the activities of armed groups.
		The Gaza meeting brought together Hamas, Islamic Jihad, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine and Fatah.
	www.borrull.org /e/noticia.php?id=18163 (574 words)

	Foundation for Middle East Peace :: Settlers Losing the Battle for Gaza Settlements
		In early December the more than 200 teachers in Gaza settlements met with officials in the Ministry of Education to reach agreement on new employment after the evacuation of the 17 settlements in the Gaza Strip and four in the northern West Bank.
		The evacuation of Gaza settlements is to begin on July 3, 2005, and run for twelve weeks.
		But it is this clash of interests that serves to highlight the radical and marginal core of the settlement movement as it has always been, from the days more than two decades ago when settlers clashed with the IDF at Sebastia to the recent confrontations at an outpost near Yitzhar.
	www.fmep.org /reports/vol15/no1/01-settlers_losing_battle.html (1132 words)

	CBC News:14 killed in Gaza refugee camp battle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		GAZA - One of the biggest Israeli incursions in the Middle East in more than a year has left as many as 14 people dead and about 80 others wounded.
		Occupying forces launched strikes early Sunday in the Gaza Strip, sparking a gunfight, one day after Palestinian militants attacked the Erez crossing point.
		The army says the raids were necessary to pinpoint groups who have been escalating their attacks on Jewish settlements in the Gaza Strip.
	www.cbc.ca /stories/2004/03/07/gaza040307 (220 words)

	ABC News: Israeli troops battle protesters at Gaza synagogue (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		KFAR DAROM, Gaza Strip (Reuters) - Israeli troops using cranes and water cannon battled protesters on the rooftop of a Gaza settlement synagogue on Thursday as they assaulted the last bastions of resistance to evacuation of the occupied strip.
		In the most violent, frenzied scenes since the start of forced evictions from Gaza, unarmed police poured from a cage hoisted on top of a synagogue in Kfar Darom and fought settlers and their supporters before dragging them away.
		Evacuation of 21 settlements in Gaza and four of 120 enclaves in the West Bank under Sharon's move to "disengage" from conflict with the Palestinians was progressing much faster than expected.
	abcnews.go.com /US/wireStory?id=1048658 (343 words)

	Settlers, soldiers battle in Gaza - The Boston Globe - Boston.com - Middle East - News
		An Israeli demonstrator covered his head with a poster during a protest in Jerusalem yesterday by opponents of the Gaza Strip pullout plan, as police sprayed protesters with water hoses.
		Seven weeks before Israel is to begin uprooting 21 Jewish settlements in Gaza and four smaller ones in the northern West Bank, the efforts of opponents to block the withdrawal are taking on an increasingly violent edge.
		In a separate confrontation in Gaza's main settlement bloc of Gush Katif, Israeli troops arrested nine settlers who were suspected of attacking local Palestinians.
	www.boston.com /news/world/middleeast/articles/2005/06/30/settlers_soldiers_battle_in_gaza (829 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Special reports \| Eleven dead in Gaza battle
		Five Palestinians were killed, including at least three gunmen and an 18-year-old, and 88 wounded in one of the fiercest battles in the city in recent months.
		The death of the Israeli soldiers was expected to increase public pressure on the Israeli prime minister, Ariel Sharon, to withdraw Israeli troops and settlers from the Gaza Strip.
		Israeli forces frequently enter cities and towns in the Gaza Strip, trying to arrest or kill members of militant groups and destroy workshops where weapons, including crude mortars and rockets, are made.
	www.guardian.co.uk /israel/Story/0,2763,1214236,00.html (791 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Special reports \| Poverty fuels anger in Gaza amid battle for power
		The spate of kidnappings and gun battles that have occurred in the last week come against the backdrop of a power struggle precipitated by the Israeli plan to withdraw its settlements from the territory.
		In Gaza's third world economy, a job as a police officer means a guaranteed income of $200 (£108) per month.
		After the disturbances in Gaza, Danny Naveh, the Israeli health minister, suggested to his cabinet colleagues that it was a perfect time to assassinate Arafat because the Palestinian people would not react.
	www.guardian.co.uk /israel/Story/0,2763,1265617,00.html (1035 words)

	GN Online: Fierce gun battle in Gaza on eve of Israeli vote
		An Israeli soldier and a Palestinian boy were shot and wounded in violence that flared in the Gaza Strip yesterday, the eve of Israel's prime ministerial election, Palestinian witnesses said.
		One witness said soldiers evacuated a badly wounded comrade during fierce exchanges with Palestinian gunmen near the Rafah refugee camp on Gaza's border with Egypt.
		The soldiers fired precisely at the legs of one of the rioters," she said.
	www.gulf-news.com /Articles/print.asp?ArticleID=8900 (578 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Middle East \| Violence heralds battle for Gaza
		The Gaza Strip has seen a sudden rise in violence, with Israel targeting air strikes at militants, and a clash between Hamas members and the Palestinian police.
		Although the proposed Israeli withdrawal from Gaza is months away - perhaps around the end of the year say senior Israeli officials - the battle for Gaza has already begun.
		One is that their main enemy in Gaza, the Islamic group Hamas, would present a withdrawal as a great victory - just as the Lebanese group Hezbollah did when Israeli forces left south Lebanon four years ago.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/middle_east/3519372.stm (242 words)

	IHT: Israelis battle over Gaza plan
		Sharon's effort to hand over responsibility for teeming Gaza to the Palestinians and to remove the Israeli settlers there is already running into the sand, beset with difficulties ranging from party politics and internal security to economics and international relations.
		Still, he said, the Gaza disengagement, which Israel is trying to coordinate with the United States, Egypt and international institutions like the United Nations and the World Bank, is an opportunity for the Palestinians.
		A law would have to be passed to evacuate the 21 settlements in Gaza while dismantling military posts around them, which altogether represents about 20 percent of the land in Gaza.
	www.buzztracker.org /2004/09/09/cache/330350.html (1135 words)

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