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Topic: Battle of Jerusalem (1917)

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	Battle of Jerusalem (1917) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Jerusalem resulted in the city of Jerusalem falling to British forces in December 1917.
		Allenby moved on and again defeated the Turks at the Battle of Mughar Ridge in the middle of November.
		Chetwode's attack, on 8 December took the heights to the west of Jerusalem and a second attack south of Bethlehem.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Jerusalem_(1917) (585 words)

	Jerusalem
		Jerusalem is more than just a physical grouping of stone buildings and ancient walls spreading out over the Judean hills: it is the Holy City, symbol of universal peace and redemption for over 3,000 years.
		Jerusalem is really a city made up of individual communities, each built on a hill or cluster of hills and separated from neighboring areas by valleys or rocky slopes.
		Jerusalem's rich history and religious significance have attracted many archaeologists seeking relics of the past and a clearer picture of the life and times of the early inhabitants.
	www.jafi.org.il /education/100/places/jer.html (5187 words)

	Jerusalem, David, Solomon, Sheba - Crystalinks
		It was in Jerusalem that most of the great prophets were active, articulating spiritual and ethical principles that would transcend the city's narrow confines to become pillars of human civilization.
		Jerusalem of the First Temple period reached the zenith of its development under King Hezekiah, expanding westward to the slopes of Mount Zion.
		Although the renewal of Jerusalem's Jewish community is attributed to the activity of Nahmanides, who arrived in the city in 1267, the community's true consolidation occured in the 15th and 16th centuries, with the influx of Jews who had been expelled from Spain.
	www.crystalinks.com /jerusalem.html (3526 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The Fall of Jerusalem, 1917
		Barely pausing for consolidation following the Battle of Mughar Ridge on 13 November 1917, British Commander-in-Chief Sir Edmund Allenby marched eastwards towards Jerusalem via the Judea Hills.
		Allenby was nevertheless aware of the arrival of General Erich von Falkenhayn's Yilderim Force, markedly strengthening the Turkish lines from Jerusalem to the sea.
		The loss of Jerusalem constituted a grave setback to Ottoman prestige in the region and rendered nought the effective potential of Falkenhayn's Yilderim Force.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/jerusalem.htm (515 words)

	By Martin Gilbert
		That Jerusalem is "holy to the three monotheistic religions" is a frequent assertion by those who wish to make the city's future status the subject of negotiation.
		Even though the Jewish religious claim to Jerusalem is persuasive, it is not the religious importance of the city that is truly at the center of the current debate.
		Following the battle for Jerusalem, in which Egyptian forces entered the southernmost Jewish suburb, kibbutz Ramat Rahel, a divided Jerusalem emerged, delineated by the cease-fire lines and separated by large areas of no-man's land.
	www.mefacts.com /cache/html/wall-ruling_/11362.htm (4832 words)

	THE HOLOCAUST PROJECT - Timebase 1917
		1917 August Rudolf Hess is felled by a rifle bullet in his left lung during a charge by the 18th Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment at Unguereana in Romania, and almost bleeds to death.
		Turning then toward Jerusalem, Allenby is detained by the appearance of Turkish reserves and the arrival of General von Falkenhayn, who reestablishes a front from the sea to Jerusalem.
		1917 December 20 The Soviet Cheka is established as an investigative agency and quickly transforms itself into a political police force committed to the extermination of all opponents of Soviet ideology.
	www.humanitas-international.org /holocaust/1917tbse.htm (4111 words)

	History of Jerusalem
		164 BCE - Yehuda the Maccabi conquers Jerusalem and cleanses the Temple.
		1917 - General Alenbi enters Jerusalem without battle and the city is transferred from the Turks to British rule.
		East Jerusalem is declared as the second capitol of the Jordanian kingdom.
	www.jerusalem.muni.il /english/tour/history.htm (759 words)

	World War 1 - The War (1917)
		The year 1917 saw great changes in the course of the war.
		The Allied forces co-ordinated a major push from the spring and, in April, the British pushed forward in the battle of Arras.
		In July, battle was again joined at Ypres (Passchendaele), where mustard gas was used in an attempt to break the lines and British casualties were severe in respect to the amount of territory gained.
	www.angelfire.com /alt/ww1aleonarddbrigs/1917.html (487 words)

	JERUSALEM - Whose City?
		That Jerusalem is "holy to the three monotheistic religions" is a frequent assertion by those who wish to make the city's status the subject of negotiation.
		East Jerusalem, one fifth of the built-up area of the city, was incorporated by Israel, and the city was given new municipal boundaries.
		A pattern for Jerusalem's future may be seen in Israel's present willingness to permit several aspects of Palestinian national activity to be directed from the city, and to allow leading members of the former enemy, the PLO, to pray on the Temple Mount and to conduct negotiations in the city.
	www.cdn-friends-icej.ca /whosecity.html (2121 words)

	The Jerusalem Fund
		Jerusalem was overrun by Rome in 63 BCE.
		Palestine was holy to Muslims because the Prophet Muhammad had designated Jerusalem as the first qibla (the direction Muslims face when praying) and because he was believed to have ascended on a night journey to heaven from the Old City of Jerusalem, the site upon which the Dome of the Rock was later built.
		The Jerusalem province was made an administratively independent province directly linked with the Ministry of Interior in Istanbul, thus creating the foundation of modern Palestine.
	www.thejerusalemfund.org /resources_history.html (908 words)

	Jerusalem
		Jerusalem and the Jewish people are so intertwined that telling the history of one is telling the history of the other.
		The result is that they have turned Jerusalem, literally the City of Peace, into a bloody battleground and have thus forfeited their claim to share in the city's destiny.
		Jerusalem must remain a unified capital under Israel’s exclusive sovereignty in order to protect the interests of the Jewish people and as the only guarantee that the interests of all other faiths will be protected.
	www.mythsandfacts.com /NOQ_OnlineEdition/Chapter3/jerusalem1.htm (5518 words)

	Timeline: History of Jerusalem
		"Jerusalem is for Israel the focal point of Jewish History: the symbol of ancient glory, of longing, of prayer, of modern renewal." -- Abba Eban, Israeli Statesperson
		Kingdom is divided between north (Israel) and south (Judah) with Jerusalem as capital of the Southern kingdom.
		Jerusalem Basic Law enacted declaring united Jerusalem to be capital of Israel.
	www.wzo.org.il /en/resources/view.asp?id=222 (791 words)

	Did We Forget Thee, O Jerusalem?
		Despite persecution and oppression, the Jewish presence in Jerusalem was interrupted only twice: under Byzantine rule between 135 and 438 CE, and during the Crusader Kingdom, which lasted from 1099 to 1187 CE.
		East Jerusalem and the Old City remain in Jordanian hands, with the Jewish Quarter and its 58 synagogues destroyed and its Jewish population expelled.
		In the ensuing battle, East Jerusalem falls into Israeli hands and the divided city is reunited.
	www.cdn-friends-icej.ca /whose.html (946 words)

	LAND OPERATIONS IN 1917 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		The sinking of the Lusitania, the British passenger liner Arabic and French channel steamer the Sussex with the loss of significant numbers of American lives, and of American ships by German submarines was the catalyst that aroused Americans to a warlike stance.
		The Menin Gate (1927) is a memorial to British soldiers lost in these battles to capture the Passchendaele ridge.
		November 20-December 3: The Battle of Cambrai was the first major tank assault in military history, during which the British opened the attack with a raid by nearly 400 tanks.
	fp.miranda.f9.co.uk /ww1/ops1917.html (569 words)

	Battle Honour Jerusalem
		Jerusalem the ancient capital of Judea had been in Turkish hands since the time of the Crusades.
		The battle honour was awarded to units who fought in and around the city when it was taken from the Turks in November 1917.
		On 14 November 1917 the infantry were now definitely turning their faces eastward towards the passes leading up to Jerusalem, while the bulk of the mounted troops crossed over to the west and carried on the advance up the maritime plain.
	www.lancers.org.au /site/1st_Jerusalem.asp (1020 words)

	First World War.com - Summary Timeline - 1917
		This year saw the adoption by the German high command of the disastrous policy of unrestricted submarine warfare - disastrous in that it brought about America's entry into the war within the space of a couple of months, and ultimately led to her downfall the following year.
		Meanwhile the British launched a major offensive at Passchendaele in autumn 1917: as at the Somme the previous year it proved a highly costly failure.
		1917 also saw Russia's exit from the war amid two revolutions, the first in February and a second in October.
	www.firstworldwar.com /timeline/1917.htm (389 words)

	Battle of Baghdad, 1917
		For the British troops taking the city in 1917 was, surprisingly, a piece of cake.
		To avoid the prospects of a house-to-house street battle, the British general Clark opted for bluff—an interpreter phoned Rashid Ali's headquarters with exaggerated reports of British strength.
		In 1917 there were 140,000 inhabitants, while today's figures (2003) have an estimate of between 4 and 5 million.
	www.greatwar.nl /bagdad/bagdad.html (1645 words)

	Institute of Jerusalem Studies
		Khalil Sakakini was dragged from his bed in Jerusalem and taken to a Damascus prison by the Ottoman authorities on 5 December, 1917.
		The separation of Arab and Jewish lepers in the Talbieh Leprosarium, during the war of 1948, marked one of those defining moments in the annals of Jerusalem and the Arab-Israeli conflict.
		The emergence of Radio Jerusalem at this time in the 20th century was not just an important indication of early contact with the inventions and discoveries of modern life.
	www.jerusalemquarterly.org /jqf.php?id=26 (571 words)

	The Battle of Beer Sheba (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		The crucial Battle of Beer Sheba in October 1917, the intelligence officer responsible for its success, and the memory of three Jews all come together in a fast-paced historical fiction.
		Back in 1917, Beer Sheba was a muddy, drab village at the very edge of the collapsing Turkish Empire.
		Eliezer (Laizy) Shapiro, Jay's son, is a filmmaker, graduate of Jerusalem's Ma'ale School of Television, Film and the Arts, which teaches the skills and art of filmmaking to religious students.
	www.wzo.org.il /doingzionism/resources/view.asp?id=1133 (1530 words)

	1917 - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		March 26 - World War I: First Battle of Gaza - British cavalry troops retreat after 17,000 Turks block their advance.
		November 7 - October Revolution begins: The workers of St.Peterburg in Russia, with leaders the Bolsheviks and the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin attacked against the ineffective Kerensky Provisional Government (Russia was still using the Julian Calendar at the time, so period references show a October 25 date.
		November 20 - World War I: Battle of Cambrai begins - British forces make early progress in an attack on German positions but are soon beaten back.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/1917 (2478 words)

	Richard Booker: The Battle for Truth
		As Prime Minister Barak has noted, "When Jesus came to Jerusalem to celebrate the feasts, he didn't come to a church or a mosque, he came to the Temple." It is not the Church Mount or the Mosque Mount that is fought over, it is the Temple Mount.
		So Jerusalem and the Temple Mount cannot possibly be the location of the farthest mosque mentioned in the Koran.
		The Caliph Omar defeated the Byzantine Christians in 636 at the battle of the Yarmuk River.
	www.haydid.org /update1121.htm (5320 words)

	The Builder Magazine - March 1917
		EVERYTHING that Masonry has to teach is to be found in the three Symbolic Degrees, and it is generally recognized that the Grades and Orders which have grown up around Craft Masonry are not positively essential, but are useful insofar as they shed further light on the fundamental teachings.
		The valiant Knight, that forth to battle rode, was clad in iron armor and bore a deadly lance, from the visor of his helmet he looked out upon a hostile throng, his sole endeavor to take that which no man can give.
		It was in the early years of his reign there, that David received from Hiram, cedar trees, masons and carpenters to build his house.
	www.phoenixmasonry.org /the_builder_1917_march.htm (13831 words)

	1917
		First, it is to have the whole nation labor and pray to have the time of this horrible nightmare shortened; to accomplish this, each loyal citizen must do all in his power to have this finished as quickly as possible.
		Anything we can do as a nation to shorten this war is for the good of the world, for in it we have sunk back to the moral standers of the cave man and civilization is tottering on the abyss.
		England believes, and with reason, that the war will be won in the munition plants and the farms, as well as in the battle front, and it takes at least six men and women to keep one soldier at the front.
	personal.tmlp.com /richard/1917.htm (5364 words)

	Focus On Jerusalem~Map Room
		Eretz Israel (the land of Israel) remained a constant theme in the Jewish psyche, regardless of where the Jewish people have existed in the world.
		Finally, in 1897 the Zionist national movement was born as a reaction to the terrible anti-Semitism which Jews experienced in Eastern Europe in the 19th century.
		As a result, Great Britain on November 2, 1917 issued the infamous document (Balfour Declaration) promising Jews a national homeland.
	focusonjerusalem.com /maproom.html (630 words)

	Henry Joseph Slade
		His RAF Records in 1922 show he was 5ft 6 in tall, chest 32.5 inches, brown hair, blue eyes and a fresh complexion.
		Bear in mind that a Battalion was about 1000 strong then the casualty rate was extraordinary.
		Harry was demobbed by the Army in April 1919.
	www.lib.byu.edu /~rdh/wwi/memoir/henryjosephslade.htm (686 words)

	World War 1
		Battle of the Falkland Islands, Opened 8 December 1914
		Battle of the Boot, Opened 30 April 1917
		Battle of the Piave River, Opened 15 June 1918
	www.angelfire.com /pro/ww10/battles.htm (641 words)

	Jerusalem - Jewish History Resource Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Main Events in the History of Jerusalem (19th Cent.
		A Plan of the City of Jerusalem According to the Description of the Old Testament 1752
		Map of the Siege of Jerusalem - 70 A.D. The Hasmonean Palace
	www.hum.huji.ac.il /dinur/links/jerusalem.htm (527 words)

	The Builder Magazine - May 1917
		A dimit cannot be granted upon payment of dues in such case because the Brother has already ceased to be a member.
		(5) A regulation permitting the issuance of dimits to Entered Apprentices and Fellow Crafts was rescinded at the last Annual Communication of the Grand Lodge of Florida in January, 1917.
		We know to the contrary, for from Scripture we learn that Solomon built palaces for his wives and that his reign was noted for the magnificent public buildings at Jerusalem and elsewhere, which were erected under the superintendence of Hiram Abiff, whose death did not occur until several years subsequent.
	www.phoenixmasonry.org /the_builder_1917_may.htm (5322 words)

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