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Topic: Battle of Karkar

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	Battle Encyclopedia Article @ Hostilities.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Battles may be small scale, only involving a handful of individuals, perhaps two squads, up to battles on army levels where hundreds of thousands may be engaged in a single battle at one time.
		A "battle of annihilation" is one in which the defeated party is destroyed in the field, such as the French fleet at the Battle of the Nile.
		A "decisive battle" is one of particular importance; often by bringing hostilities to an end, such as the Battle of Hastings, or as a turning point in the fortunes of the belligerents, such as the Battle of Stalingrad.
	www.hostilities.org /encyclopedia/Battle (2907 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > List of battles 1400 BC-600 AD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Battle of Himera[?] The Carthaginians under Hamilcar are defeated by the Greeks of Sicily, led by Gelon[?] of Syracuse.
		Battle of Sellasia[?] Defeat of Cleomenes III[?] of Sparta by Antigonus Doson[?] of Macedon and the Achaean League[?]
		Battle of Herdonia[?] Hannibal destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius.
	encyclopedia.kids.net.au /page/li/List_of_battles_1400_BC-600_AD (4483 words)

	Karkar - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		It was the site of one of the most important battles of the ancient world, the battle of Karkar, fought in 853 BC when the army of Assyria, led by king Shalmaneser III, encountered an allied army of 11 kings at Karkar led by Hadadezer of Damascus.
		It is situated in the fertile Orontes Valley.
		Dornemann has excavated the impressive defenses of the Iron Age city, with exposures revealing the earlier towns, of the Middle and Early Bronze Age.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Qarqar (158 words)

	Learn more about List of battles (alphabetical) in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Battle of Covadonga - 722 - Moslem Conquest of Spain
		Battle of Mohacs - 1526 - Turkish Conquest of Hungary
		Battle of Pavia (773) - Conquests of Charlemagne
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /l/li/list_of_battles__alphabetical_.html (4758 words)

	Damascus - LoveToKnow 1911
		According to the Assyrian records Ahab fought as Ben-Hadad's ally at the battle of Karkar against Shalmaneser in 854.
		In the reign of Jehoram, Naaman, the Syrian general, came and was cleansed by the prophet Elisha of leprosy (2 Kings v.).
		In 333 B.C., after the battle of Issus, it was delivered over by treachery to Parmenio, the general of Alexander the Great; the harem and treasures of Darius had here been lodged.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Damascus (2424 words)

	History of THE ARABS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Shalmanezer, king of Assyria, fights a major but inconclusive battle at Karkar against his enemy, the ruler of Damascus.
		An Assyrian scribe, recording the event in cuneiform, notes the impressive size of the enemy forces: 63,000 infantry, 2000 cavalry, 4000 chariots and 1000 warriors on camels.
		It is embodied in well-loved stories, in heroic memories of battles with rival tribes, in dreams of love or of the oases of paradise.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa94 (404 words)

	Battle of Qarqar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Karkar (or Qarqar) was fought in 853 BC when the army of Assyria, led by king Shalmaneser III, encountered an allied army of 12 kings at Karkar led by Hadadezer (Ben Hadad0 of Damascus and King Ahab of Israel.
		Continuing his march after having sacked Karkar, he encountered the allied forces near the Orontes River.
		If Shalmaneser had won a clear victory at Karkar, it did not immediately enable further Assyrian conquests in Syria.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Karkar (509 words)

	The Assyrian kings
		Karkar is supposed to be a place on the Orontes in Lebanon or Syria, but it seems that the right spot has not been identified.
		Velikovsky claimed that the battle of Kadesh and the battle of Carchemish (605 BC), in which pharaoh Necho II was defeated, are one and the same battle.
		It seems quite likely to me that the battle of Karkar was fought as a result of the peace treaty between Ramses and the Hittites.
	home.tiscali.nl /meester7/engassyrian.html (1585 words)

	cars - Omri (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In foreign affairs, this period paralleled the rise of the Kingdom of Aram based in Damascus, and Israel soon found itself at war in the northeast.
		Most threatening, however, was the ascendancy of Assyria, which was beginning to expand westward from Mesopotamia: the Battle of Karkar (853 BC), which pitted Shalmaneser III of Assyria against a coalition of local kings, including Ahab, was the first clash between Assyria and Israel.
		It was the first in a series of wars that would eventually lead to the destruction of the Kingdom of Israel in 722 BC and the reduction of the Kingdom of Judah to an Assyrian tributary state.
	www.carluvers.com /cars/Omri (646 words)

	List of battles before AD 601 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		632 BC - Battle of Chengpu - Duke Wen of Jin defeats the Chu commander Ziyu, in the biggest battle of the Spring and Autumn Period.
		258 BC Battle of Cos Naval victory of Antiochus II Theos over Ptolemy II Battle of Cape Ecnomus A Carthaginian fleet under Hamilcar and Hanno is defeated in an attempt to stop a Roman invasion of Africa by Marcus Atilius Regulus.
		June 22 Battle* of Raphia Antiochus III the Great is defeated by Ptolemy IV August 2 Battle of Cannae Hannibal destroys the Roman army of Lucius Aemilius Paulus and Publius Terentius Varro in what is considered one of the Great masterpieces of the tactical art.
	list-of-battles-before-ad-601.iqnaut.net (4865 words)

	A General History of the Near East, Chapter 3
		The neighboring states were no longer taken by surprise, as they had been in Ashurnasirpal's day, and they joined against the Assyrian threat whenever it came their way (e.g., see the battle of Karkar in the next section).
		Ahab and Ben-Hadad met in battle at Ramoth-Gilead, east of the Jordan.
		The first battles of this period were no doubt defensive actions, to improve the security of a land that had no natural defenses.
	xenohistorian.faithweb.com /neareast/ne03.html (8980 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In describing this expedition the Assyrian monarch goes on to say that he approached Karkar, a town to the southwest of Karkemish, and the royal residence of Irhulini.
		To offer battle they marched against me. With the noble might which Asshur, the Lord, granted, with the powerful weapons which Nergal, who walks before me, gave, I fought with them, from Karkar into Gilzan I smote them.
		The Old Testament is silent on the presence of Achab in the battle of Karkar, which took place in the same year in which Achab died fighting in the battle of Ramoth Galaad (III Kings, xxii).
	www.ii.uib.no /~michal/phil/ggbInReading.01/Assyrians.txt (197 words)

	Edersheim Bible History - Bk. 6, Ch. 11
		In passing we may notice that in a fragmentary inscription of Asarhaddon, this Aphek, situated east of the lake of Galilee, and a little aside from the great road between Damascus and Samaria, is named as the border-city of Samaria.
		The large number of the slain, and of the forces led on either side to battle, throws light on what are sometimes described as the "exaggerated" figures introduced in the accounts of wars and battles** in the Old Testament.
		The battle of Karkar was not the only engagement in which the forces of Syria met, and were defeated by, those of Assyria.
	www.godrules.net /library/edersheim/ederb6c11.htm (5406 words)

	Vincent M. Battle, Ambassador to Lebanon
		Ambassador Vincent M. Battle confers on legendary Lebanese basketball star, Elie Moushentoff, a medal from the American Embassy Volleyball Team.
		Read more about Ambassador Battle and the work in Lebanon at Embassy Beirut's website.
		Ambassador Battle listening to one of the players at the Lebanese National Basketball Team.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/rls/12479.htm (253 words)

	Divided Monarchy. Jewish Mythology. AskWhy! Publications. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		There is a gap of 300 years from the Merneptah inscription to the next references to Israel in about 850 BC—the Mesha stele from Moab, and an Assyrian reference to a battle in 853 BC in which Ahab of Sirla’a (presumed to be Israel) participated.
		A third one is the recently found, the “Bet Dwd” inscription from Tel Dan in northern Palestine which mentions an anonymous king of Israel who is supposed to have been killed by the inscription’s author.
		The prophet predicted the fall of Moab, and sure enough the battle between the Israelites and Moabites ended in defeat for the Moabite army.
	essenes.net /m24.htm (4837 words)

	Parshat Chukat 5765 - Special Features - SHEYIBANEH BEIT HAMIKDASH... - OU.ORG
		But the Northern Kingdom's battle against Assyria had begun in the days of King Ach'av, the victor of the Battle of Karkar, some 130 years earlier.
		There were other battles between Assyria and the smaller kingdoms to the south, but Yeihu's Israel did not participate in them.
		Evidence of ferocious battles between heroic Israelite defenders and the vastly superior Assyrian army (732BCE) is attested to by archeological findings in Chatzor (level V) and in Megido (level IV).
	www.ou.org /torah/tt/5765/chukat65/mikdash.htm (1194 words)

	Israel, Kingdom Of (International Standard Bible Encyclopedia) :: Bible Tools
		The object of Ben-hadad's attack upon Ahab seems to have been to compel him to join a league founded to resist the encroachments of Assyria upon the countries bordering upon the Mediterranean.
		The confederates, who were led by Ben-hadad, and of whom Ahab was one, were defeated by Shalmaneser II in the battle of Karkar.
		His son Pekahiah was, soon after his accession, assassinated by one of his own captains, Pekah, son of Remaliah, who established himself, with the help of some Gileadites, as king.
	bibletools.org /index.cfm/fuseaction/Def.show/RTD/ISBE/ID/4704 (2629 words)

	Assyria
		Shalmaneser III forcefully impacted history: he invaded Urartu (Armenia), captured Carchemish and in 853 BC fought the battle of Karkar, where he encountered the axis of Ben-hadad of Damascus, his allies, and Ahab, king of Samaria.
		In 605 B.C., Neco fought the Chaldeans at Carchemish.
		This battle was one of the greatest in history.
	www.gracenotes.info /topics/assyria.html (1167 words)

	Gindibu - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		New: Biocrawler.com now with the option to add inline videos.
		Gindibu was king of the Arab forces at the battle of Karkar (853 BC), fought against Assyria.
		Little else is known of him or the Arabs of his time.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Gindibu (135 words)

	Biblical Research Studies Group- Messiah: His Nature and Person-The Noonday Radiance of Messianic Glory
		In the historic yet indecisive battle of Karkar (854 B.C.) we see the majority of the western Asiatic nations in a defensive alliance fighting against this haughty and ambitious monarch.
		The divine promise is that if she will be obedient and serve Him, He will fight her battles and deliver her from all foes.
		Immediately after that day of prayer and confession the tide of battle changed and the Germans began their retreat towards their own territory.
	www.biblicalresearch.info /page416.html (4081 words)

	The Four Pillars of Egyptian Chronology - TheologyWeb Campus
		He stated that at the battle of Karkar (Syria) in 853 BC, Pharaoh Osorkon II of Egypt contributed 1,000 troops to fight king Shalmaneser III of Assyria.
		Now, there is no reason to doubt these lengths of reign, or the existence of these kings, since there is nothing remarkable about it, and these lengths of reign are consistent with the stability and relative prosperity which we know Egypt enjoyed in this period according to the inscriptions.
		And of course, dating Ramses II as a contemporary of Rehoboam forces us to redate the battle of Qadesh, which in turn completely offsets Hittite history, and disrupts numerous synchronisms with Mitanni and Assyria.
	www.theologyweb.com /campus/showthread.php?t=27094 (10317 words)

	History of Israel - The Divided Monarchy - Dr. Rollinson's Courses and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		853 BC Battle of Karkar in Syria - Shalmanezer records that at that battle "10,000 foot soldiers of Ahab the Israelite" along with soldiers from 11 other kings, fought against him.
		609 BC Pharaoh Neco marches north to engage Babylon at the battle of Carchemish.
		605 BC Battle of Carchemish - Nebuchadnezzar defeats Pharaoh Neco, invades Judah
	www.drshirley.org /hist/hist05.html (1330 words)

	AncientPath.net, Mason's Notes: History of Israel Part 13 of 19
		Although destroying baal, he followed the sin of Jeroboam—the calf worship at Bethel and Dan.
		About ten years after the battle of Karkar, Shalmaneser again attacked the Westlands and defeated Syria.
		The fl obelisk of Shalmaneser (a fl stone 6 ½ feet high with five rows of bas-reliefs and texts describing them) shows Jehu, among other kings, on his face before Shalmaneser, bringing tribute.
	www.ancientpath.net /Bible/PBU/Mason/OTHistory/mason_OT_057b_060a.htm (1036 words)

	BUDDHA-MOSES OSIRIS-ISRAEL SOLOMON-SURYAVARMAN EPHRAIM-NARMER MENES-MANASSEH JOSEPH-HORUS-VISHNU ABRAHAM-BRAHMA ...
		after the battle and obviously after Angkor Wat was built. This is why the combatants are shown in the "Great Gallery" at Angkor, wearing traditional Khmer military dress along with the driving of chariots. Because Judah was actually there...
		The Northern Kingdom of Israel was located in what is now modern (Thailand) or Siam-Samaria at this historical period and extended northward through Burma, making it larger than Judah. Lord Krishna or "Nagpo" in Tibetan, may be one of the Kings of Israel. But which one?
		It may also be that the location for the Mahabharata is known as a common "Battle Ground" throughout the Bible under a different name such as "Megedo" or the like. Where the Kings of Israel and Judah as well as Edom, Ammon and Moab, met in battle with the Kings of Syria on numerous occasions.
	www.godkings.com /mainpage.html (4289 words)

	What's In A Name?
		It is during this period that Edom and Libnah rebelled against Jehoram, who writes in a letter that Seir (Edom) and Gath-Carmel (Libnah) are hostile to him.
		It is at this time that Shalmaneser III recorded an Egyptian contingent among the opposing forces at the Battle of Karkar, with conventional chronology claiming ignorance of any contemporary Egyptian presence in Syria.
		Reading between the lines of the biblical text is correct practice if we are interested in the moral and theological principles being taught, but not if we are interested in the political reality at the time.
	www.starways.net /lisa/essays/amarnanames.html (7557 words)

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