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Battle of Mutina 194 BC

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	List of battles 1400 BC-600 AD
		Battle of Himera[?] The Carthaginians under Hamilcar are defeated by the Greeks of Sicily, led by Gelon[?] of Syracuse.
		Battle of Herdonia[?] Hannibal destroys the Roman army of the praetor Gnaeus Fulvius.
		357 Battle of Strasbourg (357)[?] Julian expels the Alamanni from the Rhineland
	www.fastload.org /li/List_of_battles_1400_BC-600_AD.html (4497 words)

	Clinton Goveas :: Wikipedia Reference
		April 14 - Battle of Forum Gallorum: Mark Antony, besieging Caesar's assassin Decimus Brutus in Mutina, defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, but is then immediately defeated by the army of the other consul, Hirtius.
		Both consuls are killed (Hirtius did not die until after the Battle of Mutina; Octavian takes command of their armies.
		April 21 - Antony is again defeated in the Battle of Mutina by a coalition of Octavian, Decimus Brutus, and the two consuls of the year.
	www.clintongoveas.com /wikipedia/?title=43_BC (234 words)

	Aulus Hirtius - LoveToKnow 1911
		He was nominated with C. Vibius Pansa by Caesar for the consulship of 43; and after the dictator's assassination in March 44, he and his colleague supported the senatorial party against M. Antonius, with whom Hirtius had at first sided.
		The consuls set out for Mutina, where Antonius was besieging Decimus Brutus.
		Hirtius, however, compelled Antonius to retire on Mutina, where another battle took place on the 25th (or 27th) of April, in which Hirtius was slain.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Aulus_Hirtius (344 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 215 (v. 1) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Several battles were fought with various success, till at length, in the battle of Mutina (about the 27th of April, 43), Antony was completely defeated, and obliged to cross the Alps.
		The mutual friends of each were proscribed, and in the executions that followed, Cicero fell a victim to the revenge of Antony—an act of cruelty, for which even the plea of necessity could not be urged.
		The war against Brutus and Cassius, who commanded the senatorial army, was entrusted to Caesar and Antony, and was decided by the battle of Philippi (42), which was mainly gained by the valour and military talents of Antony.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/0224.html (1150 words)

	Latin III- Ecce Romani III Chapter Information
		After Mutina, in a position of strength and with a few senators on his side, Octavian marched on Rome and forced the Senate to to elect him consul in 43 B.C. A pact (line 7) to eliminate Brutus and Cassius, who truly wanted to restore the republic.
		Octavian vowed to erect a temple to Mars Ultor (Mars the Avenger).
		The reference is to those who sought amnesty after the battle of Actium (line 2).
	www.dl.ket.org /latin3/stories/ch_info/ch63_info.htm (1450 words)

	Livy's History of Rome
		He was inferior in numbers, but in everything else he had the advantage, for he was with close and serried ranks attacking a long column hampered by many herds of cattle, and his soldiers were fresh while the enemy were wearied with their long march.
		In order to test the hardiness of these new vessels and make everything fit for battle, he made them put out to sea every day, and the sailors and soldiers were exercised in sham fights, for he regarded the prospect of a successful siege as dependent upon his intercepting all relief attempted by sea.
		It was quite certain, however, that there would be a battle between the detachments who were guarding the water-carriers, and in view of this Philopoemen during the night posted in a valley out of the enemy's view as large a force of his caetrati as the ground would conceal.
	mcadams.posc.mu.edu /txt/ah/Livy/Livy35.html (18044 words)

	Battle of Arretium - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Arretium was fought in 284 BC between the Roman Republic and the Gallic tribe known as the Senones.
		The Gauls won the battle, destroying the Roman force.
		According to Appian, it was in the coming year 283 BC that the Consul Publius Cornelius Dolabella defeated Britomaris in retaliation for this battle:
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Arretium (412 words)

	Augustus: Dates and Events
		In Spain with Julius Caesar: Battle of Munda
		Battle of Naulochus (off the coast of Sicily).
		Battle of Actium: Defeat of Antonius and Cleopatra.
	www.csun.edu /~hcfll004/augdates.html (431 words)

	LEGIO V ALAUDAE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Legio V was also present at the Battle of Munda 17 Mar 45 BCE.
		Soon the Battle of the Teutonburg forest ended the hopes of Roman conquest of Germania.
		Legio V Alaudae's valor in battle was not forgotten to history.
	www.angelfire.com /ny5/legiovalaudae (1531 words)

	The eight legion is one of the o
		The title of 'Mutinensis', awarded to the legion after the battle of Mutina, was effectively dropped at this time.
		During the two battles at Philippi - 26th October and 16th November 42BC - the combined arms of Anthony and Octavian were victorious against those of Caius Cassius Longinus and Marcus Junius Brutus.
		On the 2nd of September 31BC, Anthony was defeated by Octavian at the Battle of Actium.
	www.legioviiihibernia.com /history.htm (2056 words)

	Civil War and Rebellion - Marius, Sulla, Pompey and Caesar
		This is the battle where he famously said Veni, vidi, vici.
		Antony, besieging Caesar's assassin Decimus Brutus in Mutina, defeats the forces of the consul Pansa, who is killed, but is then immediately defeated by the army of the other consul, Hirtius.
		Octavian decisively defeats Antony and Cleopatra in a naval battle near Greece.
	www.romanrelics.com /repcivbatt.htm (545 words)

	Legio V Alaudae
		It was not present when Caesar defeated Pompey in the battle of Pharsalus.
		The fifth legion sided with Antony and fought for him in the lost battle of Mutina (43) against Octavian.
		Not much later, the battle in the Teutoburg Forest (September 9 CE) put an end to what hopes the Romans may have had to conquer Germania.
	www.livius.org /le-lh/legio/v_alaudae.html (1326 words)

	Detail Page
		Following the battle of Mutina in April of 43, Octavian understood that the cause of Republicanism was not the way for him to achieve power and thus arranged a meeting with the two leading figures of the Caesarian cause, Antony and Lepidus.
		At the battle of Philippi in 42, Antony and Octavian destroyed the Liberators and terminated the last hopes for the Republic in the Roman world.
		With the victory, Antony went to the forefront in the triumvirate, for an ill Octavian had not yet made his presence felt, and Lepidus was suspected of ulterior motives and secret negotiations with Sextus Pompey.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=ROME1766 (640 words)

	Battle of Mutina - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In stead of gaining a decisive victory, Antony still lost the battle when reinforcements under Hirtius crashed into his own exhausted ranks.
		Six days after the battle of Forum Gallorum, in which Pansa was mortally wounded, the two armies met again in the vicinity of Mutina.
		This article about a battle or war of Ancient Roman history is a stub.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Mutina (297 words)

	RSC 32.2 of Marc Antony
		Not much later, the battle in the Teutoburger forest put an end to what hopes the Romans may have had to conquer Germany (September 9).
		After this disaster, V Alaudae was stationed at Xanten (if not earlier), together with XXI Rapax, keeping an eye on the nearby tribe of the Cugerni and guarding the confluence of the Rhine and Lippe.
		He formed the Second Triumvirate with Octavian and Lepidus, taking over the province of Asia, but he ultimately was defeated by his erstwhile brother-in-law at the battle of Actium in 30 BC and committed suicide with his girfriend Cleopatra.
	www.wildwinds.com /aca/imp/marc_antony/RSC_0032.2.html (1322 words)

	Legiones I
		68-69 CE Italica joined the army of Vitellius, defeating Otho's forces at the first battle of Cremona (also called Bedriacum), but was itself defeated in turn by Vespasian at the second battle of Cremona.
		It is unclear whether Legio I actually fought at Mutina (43 BCE) against Marcus Antonius; however, if the consul Pansa raised the legion, combat at Mutina would have been almost a certainty.
		It should be mentioned that Pansa, who was mortally wounded in the fierce fighting, lost over half his men and his raw legions fled back to their camp in confusion and fear (Appian, Civil Wars III.69).
	www.angelfire.com /or2/jrscline/legiones1.htm (1302 words)

	LEGIO OCTAE AUGUSTA
		Pompeian adherants continued the struggle, however, and Legio VIII was active in the Battle of Thapsus, just south of modern Sousse on the Tunisian coast on 21st March 46BC.
		A series of vicious proscriptions began, which was to end with the deaths of over 130 senators and 2,000 equestrians at Rome, and culminated in two consecutive battles at Philippi in 42BC.
		The Battle of Actium on 2nd September 31BC marked the end of Mark Antony's power, he committed suicide by falling on his own sword when he heared (falsely) that Cleopatra had been killed, and Cleopatra, upon recieving news of Antony's death, killed herself by the application of serpent's poison.
	www.roman-britain.org /military/leg8augusta.htm (1631 words)

	ciceroadfam10.10
		In this letter Cicero encourages Lucius Munatius Plancus to bring his armies across the Alps and relieve Decimus Brutus at Mutina where Brutus was being besieged by Antony.
		After the battle of Mutina, Plancus pursued his own advantage and, along with Lepidus and C. Asinius Pollio, joined forces with Antony.
		uno proelio: The battle of Mutina, where the combined forces of Octavian and the consuls Hirtius and Pansa defeated Antony.
	www.uvm.edu /~jbailly/commentaries/letters/ciceroadfam10.10.html (1059 words)

	Punic, Pyhhric, Samnites, Macedonians and Hannibal
		Hannibal defeats Romans led by Scipio the Elder in a cavalry battle.
		Hannibal destroys Roman army of Lucius Aemilius Paulus and Publius Terentius Varro, in one of the greatest tactical battles in history.
		Hannibal battles Roman armies led by Fulvius Flaccus and Appius Claudius - the Romans escape.
	www.romanrelics.com /repbatt.htm (775 words)

	Roman History Questions
		Name one of the two consuls who were killed at the Battle of Mutina in 43 BC.
		Either name the battle in which he was captured, or name the foreign nation that defeated him.
		Name either who won the Battle of the Milvian Bridge in AD 312, or who lost it.
	bama.ua.edu /~ksummers/LATINDAY/handouts/romanhistory.htm (2443 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 613 (v. 1) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		canutius.] He took an active part in the war against Antony in the following year, and fell in the battle of Mutina, in which Antony was defeated.
		After the death of Carus in 283, he assumed the purple conjointly with his brother, and upon receiving intelligence of the untimely fate of Numerianus and the elevation of Diocletian to the throne by the army of Asia, he set forth in all haste from Gaul to encounter his rival.
		The opposing hosts met in Maesia, several engagements followed, and at length a decisive battle was fought near Margum, in which Carinus gained the victory, but, in the moment of triumph, was slain.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/0622.html (883 words)

	Detail Page
		With Antony's help he assumed the office of Pontifex Maximus, long held by Caesar, before returning to his provinces to prepare for the inevitable war.
		It came in 43, and Antony, defeated at the battle of Mutina, fled to Lepidus.
		Thus, after the battle of Philippi in 42, a new separation of the provinces was made.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=ROME0913 (408 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		They defeat Brutus and Cassius at the battle of Philippi in 42 b.c..
		Now Octavian looks like the perfect leader with good family values and great honor, while Antony looks like a stupid drunk who is power hungry and who cheated on his wife and country.
		Octavian fights Antony and Cleopatra and is the triumphant victor of the Battle of Actium in 31 b.c.
	www.ga.k12.pa.us /academics/MS/8th/romanhis/Forum/AGARV02/Part2.htm (633 words)

	[No title]
		The Metelli, it is true, won the battle; Naevius was imprisoned, and finally died in exile; but he had established literature as a real force in Rome.
		Such was the circle of the younger Scipio, formed in the happy years--as they seemed to the backward gaze of the succeeding generation--between the establishment of Roman supremacy at the battle of Pydna, and the revolutionary movement of Tiberius Gracchus.
		The spring of 45 B.C. brought with it two events of momentous importance to Cicero: the final collapse of the armed opposition to Caesar at the battle of Munda, and the loss, by the death of his daughter Tullia, of the one deep affection of his inner life.
	www.ibiblio.org /pub/docs/books/gutenberg/etext05/7llit10.txt (18043 words)

	Brujula.Net - Your Latin Stating Point (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Battle of Mutina: Romans are victorious over the
		In the Battle of Gythium, Philopoemen of the
		Achaean League, assisted by the Romans, defeats the Spartans under Nabis.
	www.brujula.net /english/wiki/194_BC.html (74 words)

	Wikinfo \| April 21 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		April 21 is the 111th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (112th in leap years).
		43 BC - Mark Antony is defeated in battle by consul Hirtius in the Battle of Mutina, who is killed.
		1836 - Battle of San Jacinto: Texas forces under Sam Houston defeat and capture Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
	www.internet-encyclopedia.org /wiki.php?title=April_21 (411 words)

	De Bellis Bookstore -- Paul Rice Reviews Warry's Warfare in the Classical Work (Part III)
		Several battles later, Crassus won a decisive victory in 71, crucifying the survivors.
		The battle of Phillipi (42), near the east coast of Thrace, is interesting, with much fog of war.
		The battle was slightly going Agrippa's (Octavian's admiral) way, when Cleopatra -- in the rear with the gold -- got a favorable wind, broke through the lines, and headed for Egypt.
	fanaticus.org /DBA/bookstore/riceonwarry3.html (3704 words)

	[No title]
		In April of 43 BC the combined forces of the Republic, Octavian, and Brutus forced Antony to abandon the siege and retreat across the Alps into southern Gaul.
		Both consuls were killed in the battle at Mutina, and Octavian's troops clamored for his appointment as consul, although he was only nineteen years old!
		After Cassius committed suicide (mistakenly thinking that all was lost) in a first battle in early October, Brutus in desperation attacked the Triumvirs on October 23, and committed suicide when his attack failed.
	www.wildwinds.com /coins/sear/s0477.1.txt (4802 words)

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