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	Battle of Newburn
		The Battle of Newburn took place in 1640 during the Bishops' Wars.
		Scottish Covenanters planted guns to protect them while fording the river Tyne near Newburn[?] in Northumberland, after which they defeated the English on the Durham side of Newburn at Stellaheugh[?], and subsequently occupied Newcastle upon Tyne.
		The name of Scotswood[?], one of the villages between Newburn and Newcastle, commemorates one of the Scottish positions.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ba/Battle_of_Newburn.html (66 words)

	History
		Battle with the Clan Ruthven 1544, In 1544 the Ruthvens who held considerable sway over Perth from their nearby Castle Huntingtower, often disputed the authority of the Clan Charteris, which led to a bitter and bloody feud.
		It was at the Battle of Tillieangus that the 6th Lord Forbes's youngest son known as Black Aurther Forbes was killed.
		This battle was the largest battle of the English and Scottish Civil War, and one of the most decisive.
	www.clanlesliesociety.org /History.html (1276 words)

	Battle of Newbur - ScotWars
		His troops were moved to their battle positions, the musketeers being scattered throughout the cottages and hedges of Newburn, while the wooded slopes above the village enabled him to position his batteries without being seen.
		Newburn, a place of note before the Norman Conquest, is the first fordable spot on the Tyne above Newcastle.
		At the time of the battle the river wound among flat meadows which lay between steep banks for a distance of about half a mile, and which were covered in scrub and gorse bushes.
	www.scotwars.com /html/battle_of_newburn.htm (3262 words)

	Battle of Newburn - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Newburn was fought on 28 August 1640 during the Second Bishops' Wars between a Scottish Covenanter army led by General Alexander Leslie and English royalist forces commanded by Edward, Lord Conway.
		The nearest ford upstream from the city was at the village of Newburn, four miles to the west.
		Newburn itself was occupied, and some of the lighter cannon placed in the stepple of the church to cover the earthworks opposite.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Newburn (2270 words)

	Battle of Newburn: Definition and Links by Encyclopedian.com
		The Battle of Newburn took place in 1640 during the Bishops' Wars.
		Scottish Covenanters planted guns to protect them while fording the river Tyne near Newburn[?] in Northumberland, after which they defeated the English on the Durham side of Newburn at Stellaheugh[?], and subsequently occupied Newcastle upon Tyne.
		The name of Scotswood[?], one of the villages between Newburn and Newcastle, commemorates one of the Scottish positions.
	www.encyclopedian.com /ba/Battle-of-Newburn.html (113 words)

	Newcastle Walks - Battles Page
		In 1464 at The Battle of Hedgley Moor near Wooler in Northumberland, Sir Ralph Percy a Lancastrian supporter, and son of The Duke of Northumberland was killed fighting a superior Yorkshire army.
		Although the battle continued into the next day the death of their King and the mass slaughter of their fellows led the Scots to surrender.
		The normal plundering by victors after a battle was minimal, an air of respect was felt and the Scots only took what was necessary to maintain their own welfare.
	mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk /newcastlewalks/battles.htm (1761 words)

	Newburn Bridge
		Newburn was the first generally fordable point upriver on the Tyne and an obvious place for armies to cross in the past.
		The battle of Newburn was fought here in 1640, with a Scots victory over the English.
		Newburn dates from Saxon times and became an important industrial town with coal-mining, railways, ironworks, brickworks, coke ovens, etc. and a pumping station (now a brewery and pub/restaturant) used by a water company.
	www.bridgesonthetyne.co.uk /newburn.html (312 words)

	Sitelines - Post Medieval Tyne and Wear
		Following the Battle of Flodden in 1513, one of the largest and bloodiest battles ever to take place on British soil, no battles on the same scale occurred again, and most of the remaining confrontations were north of the Border.
		The Battle of Newburn Ford was of the greatest importance.
		The Battle of Newburn ford can be viewed as part of the build-up to the Civil War which culminated in the siege of Newcastle in 1644.
	sine7.ncl.ac.uk /sl/Themes/postmedievaltw.htm (2265 words)

	UK Battlefields Resource Centre - The Civil Wars - Second Bishops War - The Battle of Battle of Newburn Ford
		» Battle of Stow on the Wold - 1646
		The battle of Newburn Ford took place early on the morning of 28th August 1640.
		The village of Newburn, the orignal Scottish position, has seen massive expansion, but the church still sits high on the northern slopes of the valley, overlooking the river and meadows just as it did in 1640.
	www.battlefieldstrust.com /resource-centre/civil-war/battleview.asp?BattleFieldId=29 (456 words)

	Newburn - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		It is a coal-mining and industrial center with a 12th-century church.
		Newburn was the site of a battle between English and Scottish armies in 1640.
		Fire chief responds to GLBT Commission's diversity issues: Newburn notes 5 objectives after harassment case.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-newburn.html (195 words)

	This Month in Scottish History - August
		Early military success, such as the Battle of Prestonpans, could not offset the lack of support for the Rebellion in the Scottish Lowlands and especially in northern England where the march of the Highland army on London was aborted near Derby.
		The Battle of the Standard fought between the invading Scottish army of King David I and local levies in the English county of Yorkshire at Northallerton.
		The Battle of Newburn on Tyne fought between a veteran Scottish army commanded by Alexander Leslie and a hastily assembled English force.
	www.electricscotland.com /HISTORY/shepherd/august.htm (3594 words)

	Local Heritage Initiative - The Battle of Newburn
		The aim of this project is to research, commemorate and raise awareness of the 1640 Battle of Newburn Ford, which is a little known battle between the English and the Scots.
		Existing accounts of the battle are brief, with little or no detail on many aspects of the movements of both sides.
		A leaflet will show the area of the battle with a self guided walk, educational pack and booklet, art work and creative writing by local children, as well as a mobile exhibition to be displayed in the Country Park and Library.
	www.lhi.org.uk /projects_directory/projects_by_region/north_east/newcastle_upon_tyne/the_battle_of_newburn/index.html (242 words)

	Newburn - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A church here was destroyed by fire in 1072 in the course of a dispute between two claimants of the earldom of Northumberland.
		More recently, Newburn is renowned for an excellent independent micro brewery The Big Lamp and attached pub, The Keelman which serves meals and the brewery's own cask ale.
		The Keelman pub stands at the entrance to the Tyne Riverside Country Park and there is a very pleasant walk of approximately 6 miles to the Riverboat pub in the neighbouring village of Wylam and then back again along the opposite side of the river.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Newburn (375 words)

	History of Battle of Newburn
		There are contemporary accounts of the ensuing battle, the best perhaps being written by the historian John Rushworth who arrived on the battlefield with a messenger sent from York with a letter for the Lord Conway from the Earl of Stafford.
		The letter urged him into battle at a time when Lord Conway had almost decided to retreat to Newcastle having assessed, (rightly as it turned out) that his army was hopelessly out-numbered, out-gunned and in a strategically disadvantageous position.
		A more in depth history on the Battle of Newburn Ford is available as a booklet from Tyne Riverside Country Park for £2 (including PandP).
	www.newcastle.gov.uk /bofn.nsf/a/history (1229 words)

	Hadrian's Cycleway - Newburn Bridge
		Newburn was the lowest fordable point on the River Tyne at that time - there were in fact four shallow fords in this area - one on the line of the present bridge - the Riding ford just downstream - another near the mouth of the New Burn.
		The Scots waited overnight before bringing their canon up - one gun was placed on the roof of the church tower at Newburn where it had a commanding view of the English defences.
		A Scottish officer watering his horse by the river was shot at and wounded by an English sniper - this set off the battle with the bigger guns on both sides joining in.
	www.cycle-routes.org /hadrianscycleway/crossings/newburn.html (538 words)

	Newburn
		The Tower served as a gun platform for the Scots invaders during the Battle of Newburn in 1640 when the English and Scots has a "skirmish".
		This is Newburn's First World War Memorial, sculptured by Emley and Sons to a cost of £550.00 raised by public subscription.
		The levels of floods, 1771, 1815, 1830 and 1856 are marked on the outside wall of the Boathouse pub.
	steveellwood.tripod.com /photographsofnortheastofengland/id3.html (600 words)

	Franklin, MA - general - Franklin's Civil War Page - MA Regiment 45 part II
		The ensuing battle was a victory for the union forces that drastically outnumbered the confederate soldiers.
		regiment was in was the Battle of Whitehall.
		He was involved in battles such as Kinston and Whitehall where the Union was victorious or the result of the battle was a draw.
	www.franklin.ma.us /auto/general/civilwar/ma452 (5308 words)

	UK Battlefields Resource Centre - The Civil Wars
		» Battle of Stow on the Wold - 1646
		Battle of Stow on the Wold - 1646
		The first military action was in the Bishops Wars, between Scotland and England in 1638 - 1640, culminating in the battle of Newburn (Northumberland).
	battlefieldstrust.com /resource-centre/civil-war/battleview.asp?... (226 words)

	The Campbells of Loudoun
		He became one of the most active leaders of the Covenanting party, commanded the van of their army at the battle of Newburn, and was one of the commissioners who negotiated the treaty of Ripon.
		Much to his discredit, when the Marquis of Montrose was brought to the bar of the Parliament House to receive sentence of death, the Chancellor bitterly upbraided him for his violation of the Covenant, his league with Irish rebels, and his invasion of the country.
		He fought at the battle of Preston, and was active and energetic in suppressing the rising in the northern counties.
	www.burkes-peerage.net /sites/scotland/esnews/es0702.asp (1470 words)

	History of Newburn Parish Church (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		He was hated by the local lords, whom he had displaced.
		The area of Newburn is steeped in history with the Romans, Picts, Scots, Saxons, Vikings and Normans all leaving their mark on the parish.
		From the start of the second millennium with the murder of Copsi in 1067 there have been battles between the Scottish and the English, which have frequently bathed the parish in blood.
	www.sludgedesign.asp-host.co.uk /newburn/page13.html (189 words)

	Unveiling of Battle of Newburn Ford Memorial - Words (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		If you could go back in time to August 28 in the year 1640, there would be a battle raging on these banks of the Tyne.
		The Scots won the Battle of Newburn in 1640, but the battle against Charles I continued leading to uprising and Civil War.
		I grew up on these banks of the Tyne and have been Vicar of this parish since 2001 and I am delighted to stand here today and say a few words at the unveiling of this memorial.
	www.sludgedesign.asp-host.co.uk /newburn/page26.html (307 words)

	The History of the Keelman and the Big Lamp Brewery
		The Newburn building was used as a works depot during the first half of the 20th century, and was left as a ruin by 1996.
		Newburn was the first point at which the Tyne could be forded, so down the ages, was always important strategically.
		During the last century Newburn was a world renowned centre for three burgeoning industries: the coal, steel and railway industries.
	www.petersen-stainless.co.uk /blb/history.html (4157 words)

	TIME.com: Rocky Road -- Jun. 7, 1963 -- Page 1
		But the particular rub is the failure to recognize that the essence of organizing human ventures, whether colleges or corporations, is to get a good man to run the show, set general guidelines, give him authority and time, and then let him stand or fall.
		Newburn is the university's seventh leader in 20 years, and professors everywhere call Montana "the graveyard of presidents."
		Newburn's main reason for quitting is his conviction that the regents are about to "dilute the state's resources" by expanding the colleges in Bozeman and Billings.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,874780,00.html (789 words)

	History and chronology of Battle of Newburn
		Covenantor victory against Charles I at the battle of Newburn
		Two days after the battle the city of Newcastle is surrendered to the Scots
		Scottish Bishops occupy Newcastle & 6 northern counties after the battle of Newburn
	www.badley.info /history/Battle-of-Newburn-England.event.html (71 words)

	Battle of Newburn upon Tyne, 28 August 1640
		Battle of Newburn upon Tyne, 28 August 1640
		The English posted guards on the fords, and then the two sides faced each other across the river, until eventually an English soldier fired at a Scottish officer watering his horse in the river, and the battle began.
		The English Civil War, Richard Holmes & Peter Young, an early work by one of the countries best known military historians, this is a superb single volume history of the war, from it's causing to the last campaigns of the war and on to the end of the protectorate.
	www.historyofwar.org /articles/battles_newburn.html (270 words)

	UK Battlefields Resource Centre - The Civil Wars
		Battle of Stow on the Wold - 1646
		The warfare that took place in these islands in the mid 17th century is still popularly known as the English Civil War.
		The first military action was in the Bishops Wars, between Scotland and England in 1638 - 1640, culminating in the battle of Newburn (Northumberland).
	www.battlefieldstrust.com /resource-centre/civil-war (226 words)

	Sir Thomas Fairfax 1612-71
		In March 1643, the Fairfaxes were routed by Lieutenant-General Goring at the battle of Seacroft Moor near Leeds; then in May, Fairfax took Goring prisoner in a spectacular victory at Wakefield against heavy odds.
		The Marquis of Newcastle attacked the Fairfaxes at Bradford and inflicted a major defeat at the battle of Adwalton Moor in June 1643, which left the Royalists in control of all of Yorkshire except the port of Hull.
		At the battle of Winceby (October 1643) he collaborated for the first time with Oliver Cromwell, who was a Colonel in the Eastern Association.
	www.british-civil-wars.co.uk /biog/fairfax.htm (1886 words)

	Newburn
		There is more of a rural feel to the village these days.
		This is where the "Battle of Newburn Ford" took place in 1640.
		The Scottish army under the command of the Earl of Leven, defeated the English forces, (who were outnumbered 7 to 1), before marching on to occupy Newcastle.
	www.monkchester.co.uk /newburn.htm (65 words)

	Sophia's Choice
		Books by Stearns include: Infant Church Membership; The Life and Character of Rev. Samuel H. Stearns; and New England Bird Life: Being a Manual of New England Ornithology.
		"I have just read the Life of Augustus Stearns who was killed in the battle of Newburn.
		He received two wounds at Roanoke, but he fell in battle in Newburn, while leading his men." (Sophia's journal entry, 3 February 1863)
	www.clio.fivecolleges.edu /smith/sophia/who/books/books.htm (4195 words)

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