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Topic: Battle of Phaleron

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	History of Ancient Athens - The Persian Wars
		At the battle, the Persians lost 6,400 men and seven of their ships were captured, and from the Athenian side, 192 men were killed, among them the polemarch Kallimachos and Stesilaos, one of the ten generals.
		Finding the battle over, they visited Marathon and after inspecting the field of the battle, where thousands of enemy bodies were lying, they returned to Sparta, having only praise for the bravery of the Athenians.
		Aeschylos, who was wounded badly, considered his participation in the battle of Marathon, the highest honor he had in his life, as it was inscribed in his grave style.
	www.sikyon.com /Athens/ahist_eg02.html (6957 words)

	Xena/Ares Shipper Fan Fiction - The Joining - Part II: The Test (Conclusion) by LadyKate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The tide of the battle had turned again, and almost everywhere the Romans were on the run, but Xena was still nowhere to be seen, still trapped somewhere by the city walls.
		The knowledge that he was watching her brought back an almost dizzying surge of pleasure in a battle well-fought and won, along with a jolt of sexual excitement that made her close her eyes.
		Phaleron's letter was dry and formal, recounting the recent battles and victories of Ares' army -- until the very end.
	www.xenaaresfiction.com /library/ko/ladykate/ladykate-thejoining2-r2.php?style=1 (15500 words)

	[No title]
		The Greeks were able to align 353 triremes, but when battle to break the siege of Miletos was engaged, some of the Greek contingents lost heart and deserted, with the result that the Persians stormed the city and destroyed it; its inhabitants were sold as slaves.
		After the great land battle of Plataia in 480 B.C., which was mainly a Spartan victory even though Athenians participated in it, patriotic Athenians tried to magnify their victory at Marathon into another great land battle in order to prove that Athens had not done less than Sparta in defeating the Persians in land battles.
		The figure of the men engaged at Marathon was not preserved because at the moment of the battle this was not particularly important; it was the nature, the location, and the timing of the operations that proved decisive.
	www.metrum.org /perwars/marath.htm (9733 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2004.07.68
		These are the organizing principles anchoring this reconstruction of the epic battle and the people who fought it, and the exciting story that emerges.
		The point is to motivate students and laymen to understand the crucial importance of the battle across history, as well as its humanity on the rowing bench.
		The unifying effect of the battle for the Greeks is both real and transitory, and it contrasts utterly with Artemisia, who willingly kills her own people on her own ships to save her reputation before Xerxes.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2004/2004-07-68.html (2485 words)

	Saronic Gulf - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Bays in the gulf include Phaleron Bay, also Faliro Bay near Faliro (Phaleron) southwest of Athens, Elefsina Bay to the north and Kechries Bay in the northwest.
		The Saronic Gulf was a string of six entrances to the Underworld, each guarded by a chthonic enemy in the shapes of thieves and bandits.
		The Battle of Salamis changed the development of Europe until today.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Saronic_Gulf (442 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2006.02.38
		In eight chapters he argues that on that field in 490 BC the Greeks and Persians fought two battles and that the Athenians passed two naval bills in support of military actions.
		Kallimachos died in the first or middle part of the battle (1.21), after which Kynegeiros carried on the pursuit against the enemy, and he alone in this part of the battle fought all of the enemy until the end.
		While Polemon has Kallimachos die early in the battle, Herodotos (6.114) describes his heroic death in the assault on the Persian ships at the end of the battle.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2006/2006-02-38.html (2161 words)

	Salamis
		It was fairly close to the coast, but held a very good harbor and was separated just far enough from the mainland to protect the bulk of the citizens who had abandoned the city of Athens even as Xerxes moved into it.
		Presently his fleet was keeping an eye on the Athenians and had Piraeus and Phaleron bay as a base of operations.
		On the Greek side, many thought that trying to save Attica was hopeless and were all set to head off to the Corinthian peninsula where they hoped the might of the Spartan hopylites combined with the navy could stave off a successful conquest of the rest of Greece.
	www.indepthinfo.com /salamis/salamis.shtml (699 words)

	University News
		Similar to the battle of Poitiers in 732 and the battle of Sienna in 1638, the battle of Salamis marks a watershed moment in Western history, Dr. Francis Swietek, associate history professor, said.
		He discussed the importance of the battle and the two sources historians use to understand the nature of the battle.
		The battle of Salamis was brutally fought, and the Persian fleet was defeated.
	www.udallasnews.com /media/paper743/news/2004/10/06/News/Swietek.Discusses.Battle.Of.Salamis-742861.shtml?norewrite200603270604&sourcedomain=www.udallasnews.com (525 words)

	Book Review: The Greek War of Independence
		He describes the heroic battles and the heroism of the Greek nation.
		And he enables the reader to visualize the Massacre of Chios, the Battle of Phaleron, the Exodus of Missolonghi, the Escape from Psara, and much more.
		Other notable Philhellenes included Lord Byron; General Sir Richard Church, commander-in-chief of Greek forces from 1827 to 1829; Admiral Codrington, commander of the Allied fleet at the Battle of Navarino; French Philhellene Colonel Charles Fabvier, famous for leading a daring relief force into the Acropolis during the siege of 1826.
	www.helleniccomserve.com /greekwar.html (833 words)

	The Battle of Salamis: The Naval Encounter That Saved Greece - and Western Civilization - PowerBookSearch!
		It was indeed a decisive battle; a Persian victory would have strangled Athenian democracy before it could produce the work of the tragic poets, historians and philosophers that shaped and inspired the European Renaissance.
		Landmark Battles in the Rise of Western Power Barry Strauss is one of the best ancient naval historians alive, and in The Battle of Salamis he combines his classical expertise with his natural gifts as a storyteller to make the inexplicable Greek victory not just explicable -- but captivating as well.
		Landmark Battles in the Rise of Western Power Barry Strauss is one of the best ancient naval historians alive, and in The Battle of Salamis he combines his classical expertise with his natural gifts as a storyteller to make the inexplicable Greek victory not just explicable — but captivating as well.
	www.powerbooksearch.com /booksearch0743244508.html (2101 words)

	~BFW~ FanFiction: The Joining: Part II The Test by ~LadyKate~
		There was one night, a few weeks before the battle at Helicon, when she had almost made up her mind to leave him.
		Having drifted off to sleep in the afterglow of gratified passion, Xena was jolted awake by a dream that had something to do with battles, and thought at first that she was still dreaming -- she could hear the distant sounds of war cries, neighing horses, and clashing metal.
		The momentum of the battle seemed to be shifting back in Alcibiades' favor; his warriors, whether driven by loyalty or desperation or both, were on the offensive again.
	bleeding-heart.net /bfw/fanfic/ax/ladykate/TheJoiningPart2TheTest.html (21312 words)

	The Persian Invasion of Greece & the Battle of Marathon - (CAIS) ©
		The first instructions for battle from Miltiades were to contain the invading army and block its march on Athens.
		A force consisting of approximately 9000 Athenians and 600 Plataeans took up their position at the southern end of the Plain of Marathon with Mount Agrieliki on their left flank, the sea on their right flank, and the Brexisa Marsh to their rear.
		As it would take the Persians a minimum of ten hours to reach Phaleron by sea, and disembarkation would take a few more hours, by which time it would be late afternoon or early evening.
	www.cais-soas.com /CAIS/History/hakhamaneshian/marathon.htm (1585 words)

	Ancient Greek History: Chronology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Athens's ships in Egypt are defeated (battle of the White Tower), and transfers the treasury of the Delian League to Athens for safety.
		Battle of Coronea (Boeotians and allies defeat and rout the Athenians).
		Alexander at the oracle of Zeus Ammon at Siwa (Libya); battle of Gaugamela; capture of the Persian capitol at Susa
	www.people.ku.edu /~jyounger/grkhstchron.html (1688 words)

	Amazon.com: Thermopylae: The Battle for the West: Books: Ernle Bradford (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		An impressively accessible narrative depicting the three-day battle for the pass at Thermopylae (the Hot Gates)--a critical contest in Xerxes's massive invasion of Greece.
		While the parallels that he draws between the Persian war and World War II are occasionally a bit strained, it must be remembered that it is a typical method employed by military historians to draw comparisons and contrasts between ancient conflicts and those of his own day.
		The battle for the narrow pass on the coastal road that was taken by Xerxes massive invading army into Greece in 480 B.C. amounted to Sparta's finest hour.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0306813602?v=glance (2326 words)

	Themistocles (c. 524 - c. 460 B.C.)
		Athenian politician and naval strategist who was the creator of Athenian sea power and the chief saviour of Greece from subjection to the Persian Empire at the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC.
		In the Battle of Artemisium, fighting in a defensive half-moon formation, they suffered as well as inflicted heavy losses, and they knew that they must retire even before they heard that their small holding force on land had been destroyed at Thermopylae.
		If the Persians attacked that island citadel, a battle in the narrow sound might yet give a chance to the Greeks, with their armoured marines and heavier ships, against the better sailing ships commanded by the Persians.
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /imperialism/notes/themistocles.html (1053 words)

	Revolutionary Athens
		Six days later a battle took place which lasted from dawn to sunset, during which Makriyannis was badly wounded several times, but kept his men fighting.
		One force commanded by Colonel Gordon landed at Phaleron, where his Greek irregulars ignored orders to remain silent and fired off their guns to let the garrison know that help was on the way.
		Nevertheless, eighteen thousand men were assembled at Piraeus, Phaleron, and Megara, the largest fighting force to be gathered in anyone place since the start of the war.
	www.anagnosis.gr /index.php?pageID=219&la=eng (3099 words)

	History of U.S. Naval Operations, Korea: Chapter 11, Part 5
		While the tide of battle flowed up and down the peninsula, the war of maneuver, diplomacy, and subsidy continued all along the frontiers of the divided world.
		For the armed forces in the Far East, most of all, perhaps, for the Navy, the existence of Communist nations on both flanks, the commitment to defend Formosa, and the international nature of the high seas obscured the borders of the conflict.
		These facts of life were emphasized and western power made tangible in the summer of 1950 by the appearance of the Sixth Fleet at Phaleron Bay, just east of the Piraeus; by amphibious exercises in Crete; and by an aerial demonstration staged over Lebanon at the request of the Lebanese government.
	www.history.navy.mil /books/field/ch11e.htm (2935 words)

	The Great White Fleet Battleship Kearsarge
		The second Kearsarge, named by act of Congress to commemorate the famed steam sloop-of-war, was launched 24 March 1898 by the Newport News Shipbuilding Co., Newport News, Virginia; sponsored by Mrs.
		After a ceremonial visit to Lisbon honoring the entrance of the Infante into the Portuguese naval school, she then cruised the Mediterranean with the three battleships paying goodwill calls at Corfu, Trieste and Fiumeuntil.
		She next steamed to Phaleron Bay, Greece, where she celebrated the Forth of July with the King, Prince Andrew and Princess Alice of Greece.
	www.greatwhitefleet.info /USS_Kearsarge.html (497 words)

	Warfare 2
		In battle, its primary weapon is a metal reinforced ram on the prow, which was used to pierce the side of enemy ships or to shear off its oars.
		Grain, the staple of the Athenian diet, had to be exported from the Black Sea area, Egypt and Sicily, so if an invading infantry (like the Spartans) should cut the city off from its ports, Athens would be brought to its knees by starvation.
		Around 460 BC, Athens built two long walls, ensuring communication betweem their two ports, Piraeus (3 3/4 miles long) and Phaleron (3 miles long), and the city.
	depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu /classics/dunkle/athnlife/warfare2.htm (393 words)

	The First Persian War - Greek Wars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In battles with the Scythians, his armies fared badly, and the Persian force likely would have been surrounded and destroyed if not for the Ionian Greeks contingent, which stood fast and guarded the Danube bridgehead while Porius withdrew his forces.
		The battle which followed was inconclusive, but demonstrated that the Greeks had a superiority in mobility, which caused problems for the larger Persian forces.
		It is said that on the eve of battle, he was told by a native of Trachis that the Persian archers were so numerous that, when they fired their volleys, the mass of arrows blocked out the sun.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1196577/posts (5752 words)

	outline 11
		Timocracy and the Peripatetic Demetrius of Phaleron (317-307 BC)
		323/2 Battle of Lamia: Euphron (and all Sicyon) fought for the Greek cause
		Demetrius of Phaleron ("tyrant" of Athens 317/6-307/6 BC)
	www.utexas.edu /courses/macedonia/outline_11.htm (350 words)

	DATIS
		Details on the battle of Marathon (q.v.) are missing or rather vague in Herodotus' account (6.111-16); the purpose and execution of several military operations are not patent, and it is unclear whether or not Datis made the first decisive move (cf.
		The remainder of the fleet hastened to reach Athens, rounding Cape Sounion before the people of the city and its harbor, Phaleron, heard news of the battle and could prepare for defense (6.115-16).
		According to Pliny (Naturalis Historia 35.57), the leaders of both Greeks and Persians, including Datis, were portrayed in a painting of the battle at Marathon (by Phidias' brother or nephew Panaenus?) in the so-called "painted hall" at Athens.
	www.iranica.com /articles/v7/v7f2/v7f212.html (874 words)

	BMCR-L: BMCR 2006.02.38, J.H. Schreiner, Two Battles and Two Bills
		Nepos clearly describes one battle, not two, and the absence of Kynegeiros argues against the authenticity of S.'s battle A.[[4]]
		III treats the only battle of Marathon, that of Miltiades, S.'s battle B. Here S. relies heavily on the evidence of the lost paintings that originally graced the Stoa Poikile.
		Nikolaos of Myra emphasizes the importance of Athenian training, technical experience, ship-building, and finance to the success of Athenian naval operations.[[10]] Perhaps it is unintentionally unfair to raise these matters, but they have their place in this discussion.
	omega.cohums.ohio-state.edu /mailing_lists/BMCR-L/2006/0091.php (2281 words)

	Antigonus I Monophthalmus (382-301 B.C.)
		In Greece in 307, Antigonus' son Demetrius ousted Demetrius of Phaleron, Cassander's governor of Athens, and reestablished the old Athenian constitution.
		Demetrius made the error of pursuing the enemy's cavalry too far, and as a result Antigonus, age 80, lost the battle and his life.
		Antigonus had been an excellent strategist who, until then, had never lost a battle.
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /imperialism/notes/antigonus.html (1078 words)

	Sources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Down to that time Phaleron was the port of Athens, it being the point of the coast nearest the sea.
		They say it was from Phaleron that Menestheus sailed with his ships for Troy, and Theseus before him sailed from Phaleron to pay tribute to Minos.
		There are also tombs of all the Athenians who fell in battle by sea or land, except the men who fought at Marathon; for these, as a recognition of their valor, are buried on the field.
	socrates.berkeley.edu /~clas175a/Sources.html (8288 words)

	[No title]
		Three minutes later, the cruiser fired three rounds of 6-inch projectiles in the direction of the intruder to warn her--it turned out to be a British Short "Sunderland" flying boat on patrol.
		Also, on 16 October, in an action reminiscent of the "Battle of the Pips" in World War II, WORCESTER, HELENA, and accompanying destroyers fired at unidentified radar contacts--"blips" on the radar screens that approached from the northward.
		Sold to Zidell Explorations, Inc., of Portland, Oreg., on 5 July 1972, the revolutionary light cruiser that never had a chance to prove herself in her designed role was subsequently broken up for scrap.
	www.hazegray.org /danfs/cruisers/cl144.txt (2396 words)

	USS Kearsarge, Battleship (BB-5) History
		battle ships can not be constructed at a fair cost at the places fixed.
		One of said battle ships shall be named Kearsarge.
		Herbert Winslow, daughter-in-law of Kearsarge's commander, Captain John A. Winslow, during her famous battle with CSS Alabama.
	www.countyhistory.com /gwf/kearsarge/00/history.htm (1112 words)

	[No title]
		Herbert Winslow, daughter-in-law of Kearsarge 's commander, Captain John A. Winslow, during her famous battle with Alabama ; and commissioned 20 February 1900, Captain William M. Folger in command.
		Following maneuvers in the Caribbean, she led the North Atlantic Battleship Squadron to Lisbon where she entertained the King of Portugal, 11 June 1904.
		She next steamed to Phaleron Bay, Greece, where she celebrated the Fourth of July with the King, Prince Andrew, Princess Alice of Greece.
	www.hazegray.org /danfs/battlesh/bb5.htm (841 words)

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