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Topic: Battle of Quiberon Bay

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	Bay
		Bay of Kiel Bay of Kiel (German: Kieler Bucht; Polish: Zatoka Kilońska) is a basin in the south-western Denmark.
		Bay of Quinte The Bay of Quinte is on the northern shore of Lake Ontario.
		Tremadog Bay Tremadog Bay is an inlet of Wales.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/bay.html (7886 words)

	CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE OF QUIBERON - LoveToKnow Article on CAMPAIGN AND BATTLE OF QUIBERON (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Quiberon Bay, on the S. coast of Brittany, France, was the scene of the great naval battle which defeated the plan laid by the ministers of King Louis XV.
		As the van of the French led by their admiral was turning inside the Cardinal rocks at the southern end of the reefs, his rear was attacked.
		The two fleets entered the Bay late in the evening, and there followed a battle unique in naval history, for it was fought in the dark, among rocks, in a severe gale, and on a lee shore.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Q/QU/QUIBERON_CAMPAIGN_AND_BATTLE_OF.htm (1197 words)

	Battle of Quiberon Bay, 20 November 1759 (France)
		Naval Battle in Seven Years War that ended the threat of a French invasion of Britain, and removed the French navy from the rest of the war.
		De Conflans ordered his fleet to flee into Quiberon Bay, expecting Hawke to call off the chase when he saw the wild seas at the entrance to the bay, an area of rocks and reefs.
		By the time nightfall ended the battle, the French had lost half of their ships, and 2,500 skilled sailors, whose lose was the most serious result of the battle for the French.
	www.historyofwar.org /articles/battles_quiberon.html (275 words)

	Battle of Quiberon Bay - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The naval Battle of Quiberon Bay took place on 20 November 1759 during the Seven Years' War in Quiberon Bay, off the coast of France near St.
		The August defeat at the Battle of Lagos (1759) made the invasion plans implausible, but Choiseul still contemplated a plan for Scotland, and so the fleet was under orders to escape from the British blockade outside Brest and make their way down to the Loire.
		During the first week of November, a westerly gale came up, and after three days, the ships of Hawke's blockade were forced to save themselves and run for Torbay on the south coast of England.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Quiberon_Bay (469 words)

	hms exeter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Launched in 1680, she was involved in the Battle of Beachy Head against France in 1690.
		She was involved in repeated actions against the French, in 1702 off Newfoundland, in 1705 when she captured the frigate Thétis, in 1711 in the Mediterranean and at the Battle of Quiberon Bay, and in 1748 at the Siege of Pondicherry.
		At the end of February 1942 she was damaged in the Battle of the Java Sea when she received a hit in the boiler room and was subsequently ordered to Soerabaya.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /HMS_Exeter.html (572 words)

	BHC0402 : The Battle of Quiberon Bay, 21 November 1759: the ...
		BHC0402 : The Battle of Quiberon Bay, 21 November 1759: the...
		This is bounded to the north and north-west by the Quiberon peninsula and off-lying Belle-Ile, and to the south and south-west by the rocky coast at Le Croisic and the 'plateau du Four', a reef lying some two miles out to sea (now marked by a lighthouse).
		The battle was conducted amidst heavy squalls and deteriorating weather and when night fell some of the ships were among the rocks and shoals of the bay, without pilots or adequate charts.
	www.nmm.ac.uk /mag/pages/mnuExplore/paintingDetail.cfm?ID=BHC0402 (885 words)

	Musée du patrimoine Quiberon
		The Battle of Quiberon Bay Chaplain, RN Quiberon Bay, 25 November 1759
		The battle was fought so near the coast of Brittany, that ten thousand persons on the shore were sad witnesses of the white flag's disgrace....
		This battle was fought so near the coast of Brittany, that ten thousand persons upon the shore were the sad witnesses of the white flag's disgrace.
	museequiberon.port-haliguen.com /francais/BattlQuiberon.htm (2625 words)

	Encyclopedia: Royal Navy
		In that time, the Royal Navy suffered only one major defeatâ”the battle of the Chesapeake against France in 1781â”and was able to defeat all challengers, as at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 where a combined French and Spanish fleet was decisively beaten by a smaller but more experienced British fleet under a brilliant commander.
		The Battle of the Chesapeake was a crucial naval battle in the American Revolutionary War which occurred near the mouth of Chesapeake Bay on September 5, 1781 between a British fleet led by Rear Admiral Thomas Graves and a French fleet led by Rear Admiral Comte de Grasse.
		During the First World War It fought in several sea battles, The Battle of Heligoland Bight, Battle of Coronel, Battle of the Falkland Islands, Battle of Dogger Bank and Dardanelles Campaign, but the Battle of Jutland is the most well known.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Royal-Navy (10382 words)

	Bold Hawke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Lehr/Best: "This battle was recorded in British history as one of the greatest naval victories of all time." Hawke had been driven to Torbay by a November gale, giving the French a chance to sail from Brest (Source: Royal Navy site re Royal Naval History "The Battle of Quiberon Bay 1759").
		During the Seven Years War (1756-1763) he failed in an attack on Rochefort, but his win at Quiberon Bay was the most important naval event of the war and eliminated any chance of a French invasion of Britain.
		Quiberon Bay itself is the bay off Lorient in Brittany, which after the unification of France gradually became one of France's chief havens.
	www.csufresno.edu /folklore/ballads/LeBe010.html (303 words)

	Wargamer - Warfare in the Age of Sail - Quiberon Bay (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Late November was no time to be conducting intricate naval operations, and the mission was beset by rough seas, cold temperatures, and gale force winds throughout.
		Tough conditions anywhere to be sure, magnified, however, by the hazard of shoals littering Quiberon Bay.
		In a battle with astonishing little ship to ship action, most of the French fleet was destroyed, captured, or dispersed.
	www.wargamer.com /aos/q-bay.asp (241 words)

	Royal Navy
		One of the finest victories in the annals of the Royal Navy was won in Quiberon Bay on France’s Biscay coast near St Nazaire on a stormy November day in 1759, the ‘wonderful year’ of victories, immortalised in the song ‘Hearts of Oak’ composed to commemorate the battle.
		This was reported to Hawke who sailed in pursuit through the continuing bad weather catching the enemy at Quiberon Bay where the French planned to embark their army.
		The British had better trained gunners and came off the best in the confusion that resulted until Hawke was forced to order his fleet to anchor late in the afternoon.
	www.royal-navy.mod.uk /rn/print.php?page=5799 (490 words)

	The Mammoth Book of Eyewitness Naval Battles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This stout Mammoth series entry presents eyewitness accounts of great naval battles and campaigns, clear context-setting narrative passages, illustrations of ships typical of those engaged in each battle or campaign, and maps of the battles' and campaigns' areas and maneuvers.
		Moving to postsail battles, the World War I fighting and retrieval of the dead at Jutland, the deadly submarine warfare of both world wars, and, via the experiences of a British sailor trapped below decks in a damaged destroyer, the Falklands conflict are covered.
		The Siege of Syracuse 214 BC The Battle of Actium 31 BC Postscript: The Battle of Lepanto - Introduction
	www.booksmatter.com /b0786712384.htm (672 words)

	November 20 - On this day (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Feast day of St Edmund the Martyr, St Maxentia of Beauvais, St Nerses of Sahgerd, St Bernward, St Felix of Valois, and St Dasius.
		1759 The British fleet under Admiral Hawke defeated the French at the Battle of Quiberon Bay, thwarting an invasion of England.
		1917 The Battle of Cambrai began, in which the British deployed large numbers of tanks for the first time.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/onthisday/1120.html (244 words)

	Ingornachoix.ca - Admiral Keppel
		Admiral Augustus Keppel, the English naval commander, to mark his success in the capture of the French fortress of Belle Isle, off Quiberon Bay, on the southern Brittany coast had a series of portraits and scenes commissioned.
		Serres (1719-1793) was war artist to the Navy and the pictures were commissioned by Admiral Augustus Keppel, the English naval commander, to mark his success in the capture of the French fortress of Belle Isle, off Quiberon Bay, on the southern Brittany coast.
		At the Battle of Quiberon Bay, 20 November 1759, he commanded the Torbay, 74 guns, and played a notable part by sinking the French Thesée, 74 guns.
	www.ingornachoix.ca /keppel.php (625 words)

	Untitled Document
		It wasn't until November 17 that Hawke was made aware of Conflans' move, and the Vice-Admiral made haste to Belle Isle, where he expected to find the fugitive French fleet.
		The objective was for the French to take up defensive positions among the dangerous shoals abundant in the bay.
		The French were caught before they could enter the bay and assume their defensive posture.
	museequiberon.port-haliguen.com /francais/Quiberonbay2.htm (466 words)

	BAY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Search the BAY Family Message Boards at Ancestry.com (if available).
		Search the BAY Family Resource Center at RootsWeb.com (if available).
		Find graves of people named BAY at Find-a-Grave.com (or add one that you know).
	www.worldhistory.com /surname/US/B/BAY.htm (73 words)

	CNN - Almanac - November 20, 1997
		On Monday, November 24, Lea Rabin, widow of assassinated Israeli Prime Minister, and composer Marvin Hamlisch are to speak at the opening of 'Shalom Haver (Goodbye, Dear Friend),' an exhibition of artwork commemorating Rabin in Washington D.C. On Tuesday, November 25, the "Italy Today" exhibition is expected to be held in Beijing.
		In 1759, in the battle of Quiberon Bay during the Seven Years War, the British fleet with 23 warships under Admiral Hawke destroyed the French invasion fleet of 21 warships under Admiral Conflans.
		By the end of the battle no gains had been made and the British lost 43,000 casualties.
	robots.cnn.com /almanac/9711/20 (687 words)

	Edward Hawke, first Baron Hawke, admiral of the fleet (1705-1781) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		By 1744 he was had his own ship, and saw his first action as commander of the Berwick at the Battle of Toulon (1744).
		He was created rear-admiral in 1747 after pressure from George II, became commander of the Home Fleet (1748-52), of the Western Fleet (1755-6) and the Mediterranean Fleet (1756), appointed admiral 1757.
		The French, under Admiral de Conflans, attempted to run from Brest to Quiberon Bay to join the troopships, but Hawke intercepted them, and at the battle of Quiberon Bay (20 November 1759), defeated the French fleet, ending the invasion threat and also ending French naval activity for the rest of the war.
	www.rickard.karoo.net /articles/people_hawke.html (255 words)

	LMA Learning Zone > schooLMAte > City Communities > Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Royal Navy: Information about the battle of Quiberon Bay - the most decisive naval encounter of the war.
		Quiberon Bay Museum has letters written by some of the participants of the battle
		Construction of the HMS Victory was begun in 1759 in the heart of the Seven Years war.
	www.cityoflondon.gov.uk /corporation/lma_learning/schoolmate/City/sm_city_links.htm (398 words)

	Battle Index (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Alma, battle of the 20 September 1854 (Crimea)
		Drina, battle of the, 8-17 September 1914 (Serbia)
		Leipzig, battle of ('The Battle of Nations'), 16-18 October 1813
	www.rickard.karoo.net /battleframe.html (577 words)

	HMS Essex (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The first Essex was a 60-gun ship launched in 1653 and captured in the Four Days' Battle of 1666.
		The second Essex was a 70-gun third-rate launched in 1679, rebuilt 1700 and 1740, and wrecked at the battle of Quiberon Bay in 1759, an 80-year-old ship by then.
		The third Essex was a 64-gun third-rate launched 1760 and sold in 1799.
	www.mcfly.org /en/HMS_Essex (113 words)

	Wargamer - Warfare in the Age of Sail - Quiberon Bay - Article Credits (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Orders of Battle - Source: David Lyon, Sea Battles in Close-up: The Age of Nelson (Naval Institute Press).
		Battle Highlights - Map, Original source not known.
		Aftermath - Wright's "Battle of Quiberon Bay", (National Maritime Museum ref BHC0402).
	www.wargamer.net /aos/q-bay-ac.asp (193 words)

	Register with batchmates and find your old school friends (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Hodenosaunee were pawns on a chessboard dominated by France and Britain, and McLynn's book describes the climactic year in which the heavy back-row pieces clashed mightily and Britain was triumphant.
		The French were on the retreat in India, had lost Quebec, were defeated in the West Indies and their attempted invasion of Britain was destroyed in the ghastly battle of Quiberon bay.
		This book is not just about battle, or even about military strategy, but about the political impulses that drove men to fight in the world's far corners, about the societies they sprang from and the world they bequeathed to us.
	www.batchmates.com /channels/bbunker/book_reviews/international/1759.asp (664 words)

	Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke - Wikpedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Born in London, he joined the navy in 1720, but did not see fighting until the Battle of Toulon, 1744.
		On November 20 1759 he followed the French warships and during a gale he won a sufficient victory in the Battle of Quiberon Bay, when combined with Edward Boscawen's victory at Lagos Bay, to remove the French invasion threat.
		He then retired from active duty, given the honourary rank of Vice-Admiral of Great Britain in November 1765, he was made First Lord of the Admiralty in December 1766 and served until January 1771.
	www.bostoncoop.net /~tpryor/wiki/index.php?title=Edward_Hawke,_1st_Baron_Hawke (216 words)

	The Cruisers
		Arriving off Galveston he decoyed the United States steamer Hatteras from the fleet, engaged and sunk her in fifteen minutes, and proceeded to Port Royal, Jamaica, with his prisoners.
		For the remainder of the year he cruised in the straits of Sunda, the China sea, and the Bay of Bengal.
		She was built in France, sold to Denmark, and transferred by that country to Capt. Thomas Jefferson Page, C. Page took her to the appointed rendezvous off Quiberon, where she was met by the steamer City of Richmond with stores.
	www.civilwarhome.com /cruisers.htm (2210 words)

	U.S. SCOTS Online
		William III defeated the exiled James II at the Battle of Boyne in Ireland.
		James IV of Scotland killed at the Battle of Flodden, a humiliating defeat for the Scots at the hands of the English.
		Battle of Sheriffmuir, Scotland, where the Jacobites routed the forces loyal to the Protestant House of Hanover.
	www.hedleston.info /dates.html (1812 words)

	National Maritime Museum: William Hodges 1744-1797: The Art of Exploration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The original pencil and chalk drawing from which this engraving is taken is in the collection of the Royal Academy of Arts.
		This was a naval battle of the Seven Years War (1756-63), between Britain and France.
		This was the final sea battle of the American Revolutionary War (1775-83).
	www.nmm.proof.org.uk /links-timeline.php (277 words)

	Battle of Quiberon Bay -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Battle of Quiberon Bay -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		[Categories: 1759, Naval battles, Battles of the Seven Years' War]
		During 1759, the French had made plans to invade England, and had accumulated transports and troops around the (A French river; flows into the North Atlantic) Loire River estuary.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/ba/battle_of_quiberon_bay.htm (261 words)

	Banstead History Research Group - People of Banstead
		He had a very successful career and was engaged in many battles with the French and Spanish fleets in the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, including the Battle of Quiberon Bay in 1759.
		Off Cape St Vincent she met a privateer ship which had recently been badly damaged in battle with a Spanish warship.
		In 1758 he was in action at Lewisburg in North America, in 1759 off Lagos in Portugal and in the same year as part of the fleet of Admiral Hawke in his decisive defeat of the French off Belle Isle in the Bay of Biscay.
	www.bansteadhistory.com /people_az.html (1713 words)

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