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Topic: Battle of Seven Pines

	Battle of Seven Pines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of Seven Pines, also known as the Battle of Fair Oaks or Fair Oaks Station, took place from May 31 – June 1, 1862, in Henrico County, Virginia, as part of the Peninsula Campaign of the American Civil War.
		Although the battle was tactically inconclusive, it was the largest battle in the Eastern Theater up to that time and would mark the end of the Union offensive, leading to the Seven Days Battles and Union retreat.
		The Union Army of 105,000 men was near the outskirts of Richmond to the northeast, straddling the Chickahominy River.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Seven_Pines (826 words)

	Seven Days Battles - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There, the Battle of Seven Pines (also known as the Battle of Fair Oaks) took place on May 31 and June 1, 1862.
		Almost 200,000 men were in the armies that fought in the Seven Days Battles, although the inexperience or caution of the generals involved often prevented the appropriate concentration of forces and mass necessary for decisive tactical victories.
		(It occurred in almost the same location as the 1864 Battle of Cold Harbor and had similar numbers of total casualties.) The Union forces were now concentrated into a semicircle with Porter collapsing his line into an east-west salient north of the river and the corps south of the river remaining in their original positions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Seven_Days_Battles (2690 words)

	SEVEN DAYS' BATTLE - LoveToKnow Article on SEVEN DAYS' BATTLE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		But he lost 15,000 men in the course of his seven days' retreat, and 20% of the remainder became ineffective from disease contracted in the swamps of the Chickahominy, while enormous quantities of valuable stores at White House on the Pamunkey had been burnt to avoid seizure by the enemy.
		McClellandescribedthisflight to the James as a change of base, but his resolve to abandon the attitude of an invader was formed when General Lee in the middle of June had caused Stuart's cavalry to reconnoitre the flanks andrearof McClellan's army, and had summoned Jackson's corps from the Shenandoah Valley (q.v.).
		In the north~ a feeling of despondency overtook Congress at the lame and impotent conclusion of a campaign of invasion which was expected to terminate the war by the defeat of the Confederate army, the capture of Richmond and the immediate overthrow of the Confederacy.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /S/SE/SEVEN_DAYS_BATTLE.htm (1179 words)

	Severn Pines National Cemetery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Seven Pines National Cemetery is located in Henrico County, Va., approximately eight miles southeast of Richmond.
		The Battle of Fair Oaks (also known as the Battle of Seven Pines) took place in this region and the cemetery’s 1.9-acres are located on a portion of a battlefield.
		The cemetery name is derived from the seven pine trees planted along the inside of the cemetery wall in 1869.
	www.cem.va.gov /nchp/sevenpines.htm (568 words)

	Oakwood Cemetery Article by Dr Joseph D. Kyle
		During the Seven Pines battle, Simpson was on the field: "Earth and heaven seemed to jar and tremble with the continual roar of battle….
		According to the Examiner, visitors to the Seven Pines battlefield in late July reported that hordes of flies, as well as swarms of buzzards and cows, were attracted by the odor of the Union dead who had received hasty and shallow battlefield burials.
		Most Union soldiers from the Seven Pines battle and from Oakwood were removed to the new national cemetery on Williamsburg Road.
	www.mindspring.com /~redeagle/Oakwood/kyle.htm (1817 words)

	Seven_Pines_Participants_Three
		His plan was to attach the first column that crossed the river (to the south bank) and then advance down the Williamsburg Road to the area of the village of Seven Pines.
		In this battle, a part of the Peninsula Campaign, the 18th Mississippi Inf Reg was under the command of "Prince" John McGruder.
		He was wounded in the Battle of Seven Pines in VA. He was a CSA Captain (based on a family history site).
	www.thepastwhispers.com /Seven_Pines_Participants_Three.html (1940 words)

	Longwood Magazine \| Spring 2000
		At the battle of Seven Pines near Richmond in 1862, the Confederate commander, General Joseph E. Johnston, delayed a crucial attack because acoustic anomalies prevented him from hearing the sounds of battle.
		At his headquarters two miles from Seven Pines, Johnson never heard the sounds, even though several of his aides swore they could hear the battle, which also was heard clearly in Richmond some 10 miles away.
		This was probably the most significant of the three factors at Seven Pines, where there was thick forest Johnston and the battle.
	www.longwood.edu /longwood/spring00/ross.htm (981 words)

	FL 2th Infantry History
		In the battles of Ellison's Mill and Frazier's Farm, June 26 and 27, the Regiment lost 8 killed and 52 wounded; among the killed was G. Parkhill, Captain of Co.
		At the battle of Frazier's Farm, June 30, the Regiment lost: Killed, 2 officers, 1 non-commissioned officer and 11 privates; wounded, 3 officers, 2 non-commissioned officers and 62 privates.
		On December 13 the battle of Fredericksburg was fought.
	www.psy.fsu.edu /~thompson/cw/2-fl-inf/2-fl-inf-hist.html (755 words)

	18th Regiment Georgia Volunteer Infantry
		Culminating, on May 31 to June 1, 1862, in the battle at Seven Pines, also known as Fair Oaks to the Union soldiers. Seven Pines is the name of an intersection seven miles east of Richmond where the Williamsburg "old stage" road intersected with the Nine-mile road.
		At the beginning of this battle they were stationed across the Williamsburg Road, awaiting the signal to attack. However, the plans were doomed from the start.
		From the beginning of the battle through the end not a single Union soldier made it to within 100 feet of the wall on the sunken road.General Cobb bled to death from a hip wound within sight of the house where his parents had married, and was succeeded by General Kershaw.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/Woods/7426/18thga.html (4769 words)

	The Roads Home to Florida: Seven Days Battle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Battle of Mechanicsville, Beaver Dam Creek, or Ellison's Mill.
		According to the general order of battle, a copy of which is annexed, General Jackson was to march from Ashland on the 25th in the direction of Slash Church, encamping for the night west of the Central Railroad, and to advance at 3 a.m.
		In expectation of Jackson's arrival on the enemy's right the battle was renewed at dawn, and continued with animation for about two hours, during which the passage of the creek was attempted and our troops forced their way to its banks, where their progress was arrested by the nature of the stream.
	www.roadshometofl.com /family150.htm (10610 words)

	The Men of the Pee Dee Guards.
		Captured at the battle of Seven Pines and presumed dead.
		He was killed at the battle of Seven Pines.
		He was captured at the "Bloody Angle" while engaged in the hand to hand fighting at the battle of Spottsylvania.
	www.23rdnc.com /id6.html (395 words)

	Silas Casey's Lone Battle
		As Dickey bemoaned, the Battle of Seven Pines is often viewed as a relatively small affair, fought by only a few thousand troops with no decisive results.
		No other battle was fought so close to the Confederate capital, and if Casey’s division had not fought as well as it did under the circumstances, or if the Confederate attack plan had not misfired, at least one or two corps of the Army of the Potomac would have been destroyed.
		Five of the enemy’s seven known divisions were just a stone’s throw away, and most of the rest of the Federal army was deployed several miles to the north, safely behind the Chickahominy.
	www.thehistorynet.com /acw/blsilascasey (1738 words)

	The Battle in Which General Johnston was Wounded (Seven Pines)
		This account of the wounding of General Joseph Johnston at the Battle of Seven Pines (Fair Oaks) was printed in the March 29, 1891 issue of the Richmond Times, and reprinted in the Southern Historical Society Papers.
		Due to the severity of the wound Johnston was forced to relinquish of the command the Confederate forces in in Virginia.
		The left wing of our army was not moved forward until later in the day, when it pushed down the Nine-Mile road in the direction of York River railroad, encountering the enemy's guard pickets, which we drove in, captured their camp and a good many stores.
	www.swcivilwar.com /JohnstonWounded.html (1125 words)

	History - New York Infantry (Part 7)
		Battle of Seven Pines or Fair Oaks May 31-June 1.
		Battles of Gaines Mill June 27; Peach Orchard and Savage Station June 29; White Oak Swamp Bridge and Glendale June 30; Malvern Hill July 1.
		Battle of Seven Pines or Fair Oaks May 31- June 1.
	www.civilwararchive.com /Unreghst/unnyinf7.htm (7115 words)

	[No title]
		All the companies in the Regiment changed their captains except B and C. On May 31st [1862] the Regiment was engaged in the battle of Seven Pines, where it lost 6 officers., 4 non-commissioned and 24 privates killed.
		In the battles of Ellison's Mill and Frazier's Farm, June 26 and 27 [1862], the Regiment lost 8 killed and 52 wounded; among the killed was G. Parkhill, Captain of Co. M.
		At the battle of Frazier's Farm, June 30 [1862], the Regiment lost: Killed, 2 officers, 1 non-commissioned officer and 11 privates; wounded, 3 officers, 2 non-commissioned officers and 62 privates.
	www.norfield-publishing.com /2ndFL/over.html (837 words)

	History2.html
		The community which grew in the vicinity of that 1862 battlefield is known as Seven Pines.
		Pines School was a one-room schoolhouse which stood next to the cemetery.
		Seven Pines Elementary School, built in 1959, is a campus-style school.
	www.henrico.k12.va.us /ES/SevenPines/History2.html (710 words)

	To the Gates of Richmond (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		After the Battle of Seven Pines, both Lee and McClellan reorganized their forces and conducted intensive planning for the upcoming battle for Richmond.
		Lee’s initial battle as commander of the Army of Northern Virginia proved a tactical failure, due to Fitz John Porter’s triumphant defense of Beaver Dam Creek.
		It was clearly a battle that Lee did not intend to fight in the manner in which it developed.
	personal.tcu.edu /~SWOODWORTH/Sears-TTGOR.htm (1880 words)

	SevenDays (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A defeat that could have ended the war stared Robert E. Lee in the eyes when he assumed command of the Confederate forces participating in the battles in the eastern theater.
		General Joseph Eggleston Johnston's wounding in the Battle of Seven Pines led to Lee's appointment.
		The wounding of General Joseph E. Johnston at the Battle of Seven Pines, May 31, 1862, gave Lee the chance to shine.
	www.collectorsnet.com /cwtimes/sevenday.htm (473 words)

	Jeff Davis Battery (Alabama Artillery)
		The Jeff Davis battery, organized at Selma in May, 1861, was soon sent to Virginia, where it fought in Early's brigade at Manassas and at the battle of Seven Pines, losing 3 men at the latter place.
		battles, it lost 3 killed and 14 wounded; at Cold Harbor, 3 killed and 10 wounded; at Gaines' Mill, 3 killed and 14 wounded.
		The latter was in command during and after the battle of Gettysburg.
	www.civilwarhome.com /davisbatalaart.htm (480 words)

	Richmond National Battlefield Park (National Park Service)
		As the industrial and political capital of the Confederacy, Richmond was the physical and psychological prize over which two mighty American armies contended in bloody battle from 1861 to 1865.
		At stake were some of the founding principles of the United States as the growing nation divided over the existence and expansion of slavery.
		Robert E. Lee fought his first battle as commander of the Army of Northern Virginia at Beaver Dam Creek in 1862; Ulysses S. Grant’s army experienced unprecedented futility on the bloody fields of Cold Harbor.
	www.nps.gov /rich (354 words)

	Acoustical Society of America-Acoustic Shadows in the Civil War
		The ensuing battle, known as Seven Pines (or Fair Oaks), was one of Johnstons rare offensive forays during the course of the war.
		This is one of the earliest examples in the Civil War of one of a type of acoustical phenomenon that had been noted for two hundred years prior to Seven Pines and given the catchall name acoustic shadows.
		Sounds from the battle of Gettysburg that could not be heard 10 miles away were heard clearly in Pittsburgh, 150 miles away.
	www.acoustics.org /press/136th/ross.htm (659 words)

	Battle_of_Seven_Pines
		The Battle of Seven Pines, also known as Fair Oaks, took place May 31 - June 1, 1862, in Henrico County, Virginia.
		One of the bloodiest battles of the war, in two days, there were 13, 736 casualties spread over the battlefield of Seven Pines; 5,739 Union and 7,997 Confederate.
		Perhaps the most significant result of the battle, Commander Joseph Johnston, at which time, commanded of the Army of Northern Virginia, was seriously wounded.
	www.thepastwhispers.com /Battle_of_Seven_Pines.html (468 words)

	Major General Daniel H Hill Report of the Battle of Seven Pines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		These reconnaissances satisfied me that the enemy was not in force on the Charles City road, but was on the Williamsburg road, and that he had fortified himself about the Seven Pines.
		The heroism shown at Seven Pines has had a most wonderful influence upon the subsequent battles around Richmond.
		It is due to my gallant division to say that the great majority of the men had never before been in battle, and yet they infused a spirit into the whole army which told with powerful effect in all the subsequent engagements, ending in the total rout of McClellan.
	www.rootsweb.com /~alhenry/6th/doc/rpt_7_pines_hill.htm (2167 words)

	Battle of Seven Pines (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		At the beginning of the war he was given the command of the Army of the Shenandoah and then assumed overall command of the Confederate forces at battle of First Bull Run.
		After the Battle of Seven Pines Johnston was out of action until the following November due to a serious wound he received during the battle.
		McClellan was often sharply criticized for his slowness in battle.
	www.collectorsnet.com /cwtimes/sevenpin.htm (499 words)

	Battle of Fair Oaks (Seven Pines)
		Kearny's division of Heintzelman's corps was near Savage's Station, and Hooker's division of the latter corps was guarding the approaches to the White Oak Swamp.
		The fighting then ceased for the night, but was resumed in the morning, June 1, when General Hooker and his troops took a conspicuous part in the struggle, which lasted several hours.
		Finally the Confederates, foiled, withdrew to Richmond, and the Nationals remained masters of the field of Fair Oaks, or Seven Pines.
	www.sonofthesouth.net /leefoundation/battle-fair-oaks.htm (523 words)

	Product Details: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Although General McClellan won a tactical victory at the Battle of Seven Pines (Fair Oaks) many failures eventually brought the Peninsular Campaign to a close without obtaining the capture of the Confederate Capitol.
		This regimental history reveals the Civil War as seen through the eyes of men from four counties of southwestern Pennsylvania.
		Skirmishes at Seven Pines, Savage Station and Chickahominy May 24.
	www.nicklow.com /shop/display.php?RecordID=1119754748 (713 words)

	Memoirs of governor William Smith, of Virginia. His political, military, and personal history. By John W. Bell.: a ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Hill's Report of Battle of Seven Pines of 31st May, 1862, as to Conduct of 49th Virginia—Gen. Huger's Report of July 21st, 1862, as to same—Inscription on its Banner for Distinguished Gallantry in a Fight at “Kings School House,” Seven Pines and at French's Field—Col. Smith's Report to Col. B.
		Battle of Sharpsburg—Col. Smith Assigned to the Command of Early's Brigade temporarily, by Gen. Early—Receives three Wounds in one Volley—Promoted Brigadier-General, and Assigned to Command of Fourth Brigade—Casualties in this Fight in the 49th Virginia—Gen. J.
		When the author revives his recollections of the thousand romantic incidents, the battles and the storms through which the subject of these Memoirs had passed, it is a cause of the deepest regret that he left such meagre and unsatisfactory records of his eventful life.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /gc/lhbcb/15643/15643.sgm (12500 words)

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