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Topic: Battle of Thermopylae

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Battle of Salamis

Battle of Plataea

Battle of Artemisium

Battle of Platea

Battle of Mycale

Battle of Ephesus

Battle of Lade

Battle of Marathon

Persian Wars

480 BC

Battle of Salamis in Cyprus (306 BC)

Thermopylae

Battle of the Granicus

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	Battle of Thermopylae - MSN Encarta
		In the Battle of Thermopylae (as detailed almost entirely by Herodotus), which occurred in 480 BC, an alliance of Greek city-states fought the invading Persian Empire at the pass...
		Battle of Thermopylae, battle fought between the Greeks and the Persians at Thermopylae, in northern Greece, in 480 bc.
		Xerxes’ campaign was motivated partly by the desire to avenge the Greeks’ defeat of the Persians at the Battle of Marathon in 490 bc, and partly by ambition for imperial expansion.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761580384/Battle_of_Thermopylae.html (802 words)

	Battle of Thermopylae : Story, Photos - The place
		It is primarily known for the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC in which an overmatched Greek force held off advancing Persians under Xerxes, and the term since has been used to reference heroic resistance against a more powerful enemy.
		Thermopylae is primarily known for the battle that took place there in 480 BC, in which an overmatched combined Greek force of approximately 4,000 held off advancing Persians under Xerxes, and the term since has been used to reference heroic resistance against a more powerful enemy.
		Such was the fame of Thermopylae that the sabotage of the Gorgopotamos bridge in 1942 was referred in German documents of the era as "the recent sabotage near Thermopylae".
	www.battle-of-thermopylae.eu /complementary_thermopylae.html?PHPSESSID=aa6e4e31802f58bd5a00c69fb01de353 (626 words)

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Battle of Thermopylae
		In the Battle of Thermopylae of 480 BC an alliance of Greek city-states fought the invading Persian army in the mountain pass, Thermopylae.
		The performance of the defenders at the battle of Thermopylae is often used as an example of the advantages of training, equipment and good use of terrain to maximise an army's potential, as well as a symbol of courage against extremely overwhelming odds.
		The battle of Thermopylae is often seen as the beginning of organised resistance against the confiscation of arms and, as such, has become a legend amongst pro-gun activists.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Battle_of_Thermopylae (4941 words)

	THERMOPYLAE
		Thermopylae was the main route by which an invading army could penetrate from the north into southern Greece.
		During the Persian Wars, Thermopylae won eternal fame as the scene of the heroic death of Leonidas I and his 1400 men, 300 of whom were Spartans, in their attempt to stem the tide of Persian invasion in 480 bc.
		The Battle of Thermopylae was recorded by the Greek historian Herodotus in his History.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=224010 (549 words)

	[No title]
		In the land battle of Thermopylae, things went well for the Spartans during the first two days; Xerses' attacks were all repulsed with heavy losses for the Persians.
		Actually, Thermopylae is a small plain delimited by Aegean Sea to the North and by rocky mountains to the South.
		Thermopylae is always described as a "pass", a "mountain pass" or a "narrow pass".
	utenti.lycos.it /fvianello/WT_Thermopylae01.html (877 words)

	Battle of Thermopylae - Conservapedia
		The Battle of Thermopylae was a famous battle during the Greco-Persian Wars, fought in northwestern Greece.
		The battle of Thermopylae was fought between the Greeks and the Persians in 480 BC.
		The battle of Thermopylae was considered to be a key battle in preventing the overrunning of Western civilization by Eastern invaders.
	www.conservapedia.com /300 (488 words)

	The Battle of Thermopylae
		Clearly Thermopylae was a location of great strategic importance, because it commands the pass through which one goes after traveling south from Thessaly through Lokris and into Boeotia.
		It is not here, however, but elsewhere that the way is narrowest, namely, in front of Thermopylae and behind it; at Alpeni, which lies behind, it is only the breadth of a cart-way, and it is the same at the Phoenix stream, near the town of Anthele.
		To the west of Thermopylae rises a high mountain, inaccessible and precipitous, a spur of Oeta; to the east of the road there is nothing but marshes and sea.
	academic.reed.edu /humanities/110Tech/Thermopylae.html (2560 words)

	7th Rangers Articles: Battle of Thermopylae
		To the Greek strategists in 481 bc, Thermopylae represented their best chance to stop or at least delay the Persian army long enough to allow their combined fleets to draw the Persian navy into a decisive sea battle.
		Sometime before the battle, the Spartan Dieneces was told that when the Persian archers let loose a volley, their arrows would hide the sun.
		The battle's influence on the Greeks was indisputable.
	7rangersarticles.blogspot.com /2007/03/battle-of-thermopylae.html (3820 words)

	Military History Online - Thermopylae
		In the prelude to the battle, the Persian attitude changes towards a numerically inferior Greece, the Ionic revolt occurs, a brief discussion on the battles of Marathon and Artemisium is described as well as the topographical setup and favor of Thermopylae.
		The king at the time before Thermopylae was Darius, a priest of the Median class of magicians who faked his identity by saying that he was the brother of the murdered heir (Moerbeek 1).
		Thermopylae was not a battle that changed the way we look at life, nor did it save Western civilization in which other battles lay claim.
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com /ancient/articles/Thermopylae.aspx (3195 words)

	Thermopylae
		She was named after the Greek 'Battle of Thermopylae' where King Leonidas of Sparta and his warriors saw off the Persian Hordes in about 480BC....
		Her greatest rival, the 'Cutty Sark' only ever beat 'Thermopylae's' speeds on the return journey to Britain, though this is open to scrutiny, as they were never actually raced at the same time and under the same conditions ('Cutty Sark' was loaded for racing whilst 'Thermopylae' was loaded to the gunnels for financial gain...typically Aberdonian.......).
		In 1890, 'Thermopylae' was sold to Mr Reford of Mount Royal Milling and Manufacturing Co. of Victoria, British Columbia for the sum of £5,000 where after a refit and changes to her rigging (reduced to barque rig) she traded the northern Pacific.
	www.red-rooster.co.uk /ships/thermop.htm (771 words)

	HELLAS:NET - Warfare (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Athens was of course in favour of Thermopylae as retreating to the Isthmus meant leaving Athens to the Persian army.
		His actions during this battle are still seen as one of the biggest acts of heroism in the history of mankind.
		Its purpose there was to support the army in the pass of Thermopylae, and to prevent that the Persians would attempt an attack from the sea on the Greek position in the mountains.
	monolith.dnsalias.org /~marsares/warfare/battle/thermo.html (1665 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - The Graeco-Persian Wars: The Battle of Thermopylae
		Although he had little experience in sea battles, he knew how to fight in a defensive situation; plus, this meant the combined land and sea forces were unified by common command, which was important since the two arms had to work closely together to ensure the Persians could be held.
		It was in the straits between Salamis and the mainland that the Greek navy met the Persian fleet in battle.
		The Battle of Artemisium (occurring simultaneously but counted as a separate engagement) had been indecisive, but had given hope to the Greeks that the Persians could at least be equalled, if not beaten.
	www.bbc.co.uk /go/search/int/pan/h2g2/-/dna/h2g2/A12889146 (4472 words)

	First Battle of Thermopylae (480 BC)
		In the Battle of Thermopylae of 480 BC, an alliance of Greek city-states fought the invading Persian Empire at the pass of Thermopylae in central Greece.
		The performance of the defenders at the battle of Thermopylae is often used as an example of the advantages of training, equipment, and good use of terrain to maximize an army's potential, and has become a symbol of courage against overwhelming odds.
		There is also a large political significance of the Battle of Thermopylae, in that it was the first defining moment in which the disunified Greek city states came together to form a significant alliance.
	www.juniorgeneral.org /greece/thermopylae.html (1412 words)

	History of Ancient Sparta
		His last capture occurred in a battle between him and many Spartans, in which he was wounded all over his body, but he was still fighting, until a stone found him on the head and fell.
		The proud Tegeans lost every battle and finally acknowledged the supremacy of Sparta, but they were never reduced to subjection and continued to be masters of their city, becoming only dependant allies.
		Though the battle was won by Thebans, on Epameinondas order they made peace, when he learned that all his favorite generals had been perished in the battle.
	www.sikyon.com /Sparta/history_eg.html (10532 words)

	Thermopylae
		The Battle of Thermopylae of 480 BC set an alliance of Greek city-states against an invading Persian army.
		Knowing the likely outcome of the battle, Leonidas selected his men on one simple criteria: he took only men who had fathered sons that were old enough to take over the family responsibilities of their fathers.
		The battle of Thermopylae is often seen as the beginning of organised resistance against the confiscation of arms and, as such, has become a legend amongst pro-gun activists.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/History/Battles/Thermopylae.html (2121 words)

	Battle of Thermopylae - Memory Alpha, the Star Trek Wiki
		The Battle of Thermopylae was a famous battle of the Persian War in the history of Earth.
		In the year 480 BC, King Leonidas led a force of Spartans in the defense of a mountain pass at Thermopylae, against an invading Persian army.
		The combatants battled heroically for two days, until the Spartans were defeated, having fought to their deaths against the Persians.
	memory-alpha.org /en/wiki/Battle_of_Thermopylae (214 words)

	Battle of Thermopylae: Leonidas the Hero » HistoryNet - From the World's Largest History Magazine Publisher
		After the battle, as Xerxes son of Darius toured the battlefield, he came upon Leonidas’; body and ordered the beheading of the corpse and the impalement of the severed head on a pole.
		In the slaughtering pen at Thermopylae — as the narrow killing fields might be called — a king died and a legend was born.
		Thermopylae is narrowest at its two ends, the so-called East and West Gates, while the mountains are sharpest in the center of the pass, at the so-called Middle Gate (all modern appellations).
	www.historynet.com /battle-of-thermopylae-leonidas-the-hero.htm (905 words)

	Untitled Document
		He had now come to Thermopylae, accompanied by the three hundred men which the law assigned him, whom he had himself chosen from among the citizens, and who were all of them fathers with sons living.
		The Greek forces at Thermopylae, when the Persian army drew near to the entrance of the pass, were seized with fear; and a council was held to consider about a retreat.
		The Greeks at Thermopylae received the first warning of the destruction which the dawn would bring on them from the seer Megistias, who read their fate in the victims as he was sacrificing.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/Herother.html (3749 words)

	Wikinfo \| Battle of Artemisium
		The Battle of Artemisium was a naval battle between an alliance of Greek city-states and the Persians in 480 BC.
		According to tradition it took place on the same day as the Battle of Thermopylae on August 11, 480, but it may have been a few days before or after.
		The Persians at first met the Greeks off the coast of Thessaly, at Aphetae, close to Thermopylae, as the Athenian commander Themistocles attempted to delay the Persians while the island of Euboea was being evacuated.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Battle_of_Artemisium (582 words)

	THERMOPYLAE
		Thermopylae, so named because of some hot springs in the vicinity, was a narrow passage where the mountains came down to the sea and there was at best a couple of hundred yards between the water's edge and the rising heights.
		In his headquarters that evening, the Persian King fumed and berated his officers, but he could not deny that the terrain and the fighting skill of the Spartans and their allies made it extremely difficult to take advantage of the great size of the Persian army.
		Taking no chances, Xerxes commanded that on the second day of battle, his very best troops were to take on the enemy; the honor of breaking through would go to the Ten Thousand Immortals, the very best soldiers that the Persians could deploy.
	www.btinternet.com /~tringwar/Thermopylae.html (1491 words)

	Ancient Greek Battles Of Marathon, Thermopylae, Artemisium, and Salamis
		Battles will be grouped into sections covering the wars in which they occurred in.
		September 10, 490 BC This battle was an underdog victory for the ancient Greeks.
		The battle is a slaughter for the Persians.
	www.geocities.com /caesarkevin/battles/Greekbattles1.html (4712 words)

	Battle of Thermopylae (191 BC)
		The Battle of Thermopylae was fought in 191 BC between a Roman army led by consul Manius Acilius Glabrio and a Seleucid force led by King Antiochus III the Great.
		The passage at Thermopylae is long and narrow, flanked on the one side by a rough and inhospitable sea and on the other by a deep and impassable morass.
		The king placed his light-armed troops and peltasts in front of the phalanx, and drew up the phalanx itself in front of the camp, with the archers and slingers on the right hand next to the foot-hills, and the elephants, with the guard that always accompanied them, on the left near the sea.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greeks/History/Battles/Thermopylae191BC.html (1154 words)

	The Battle of Thermopylae and Frank Miller's 300 - Associated Content
		While the account of the battle has been fictionalized and added commentary from the movie makers that would probably not have been the thought of the Greek.
		The battle itself did take place and it considered to be the turning point that determined the course of Western Civilization for thousands of years to come.
		While the Persians won the battle, the event itself has long been remembered in Western Lore and the motto of the state of Connecticut, "Live Free or Die" has been said to be inspired by the stand took here by Leonidas and his men.
	www.associatedcontent.com /article/341173/the_battle_of_thermopylae_and_frank.html (790 words)

	Reevaluating history: Battle of Thermopylae - Objectivism Online Forum
		I don't think any defender of freedom can look at Thermopylae and not be impressed (to some extent anyway) at their dedication to living a life free from oppression from a foreign tyrant.
		Skirmishes and battles followed, in which the Persian armada was repulsed by the hardy Greek phalanx, and days passed while Xerxes grew impatient.
		The relatives of those who died at Thermopylae were beaming with happiness and joy, whereas the mother of one Spartan that left with the Allies killed him when he arrived home.
	forum.objectivismonline.net /index.php?showtopic=864 (2511 words)

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