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Topic: Battle of Ypres

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Second Battle of Ypres

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	Battle of Ypres - Search View - MSN Encarta
		Throughout the war Ypres was under constant attack as the key point of an Allied salient (outwardly projecting battle line) that blocked a German approach to the English Channel.
		The first battle at Ypres took place when outnumbered British, French, and Belgian troops resisted a German offensive aimed at the French ports of Calais and Dunkerque on the English Channel.
		Known also as the Passendale campaign, the third battle of Ypres was precipitated by a massive British offensive directed against enemy installations.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761552881__1/Battle_of_Ypres.html (409 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The Third Battle of Ypres, 1917
		Whereas the first and second battles of Ypres were launched by the Germans in 1914 and 1915 respectively, Third Ypres was intended as Sir Douglas Haig’s Allied forces breakthrough in Flanders in 1917.
		The Third Battle of Ypres was opened by Sir Hubert Gough’s Fifth Army, with 1 Corps of Sir Herbert Plumer’s Second Army joining on its right and a corps of the French First Amy led by Anthoine to its left: a total of twelve divisions.
		This was followed by the Battle of Polygon Wood on 26 September and the Battle of Broodseinde on 4 October.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/ypres3.htm (1470 words)

	The educational encyclopedia, world war I, the great war, battles and battlefields
		Somme: battle of the Somme the year 1916 was the year of the Battle of the Somme.
		Ypres: second battle of Ypres the Ypres Salient was to be one of the most fought over areas of the whole war.
		Ypres: battle of 3rd Ypres (Passchendaele) in 1915, at the second Battle of Ypres, the Germans used chlorine gas for the first time in warfare and succeeded in driving the British back to the town of Ypres
	www.educypedia.be /education/worldwarIbattles.htm (820 words)

	Ypres, Battle of
		Ypres, Battle of, first series of major battles fought by Canadian troops during WORLD WAR I, officially lasting from 22 April to 25 May 1915.
		Without gas masks, the French and Algerians in the trenches were forced to retreat, choking, gasping, and dying as the chlorine affected their lungs.
		At the Second Battle of Ypres the Germans attacked, using chlorine gas for the first time.
	thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0008769 (272 words)

	Ypres Home Page
		Ypres a small Flemish market town, just over the border from France, quite similar to many towns in Belgium, that was until 1914 (the outbreak of the First World War).
		The town of Ypres was the scene of some of the worst fighting of the war.
		Ypres was described as being all the horrors of the Somme and the hell of Verdun.
	www.users.globalnet.co.uk /~dccfarr (248 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The First Battle of Ypres, 1914
		With the German failure at the Battle of the Marne in September 1914 and the subsequent Allied counter attacks, the "Race to the Sea" began.
		The Allied position around Ypres took the shape of a small salient in the trench lines because it could best be defended from the low ridge of higher ground to the east, but it was vulnerable to superior German artillery.
		There were eventually three major battles at Ypres (click here to read a summary of the second; click here for the third, also known simply as Passchendaele), but the First Battle of Ypres was one of the most significant.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/ypres1.htm (996 words)

	War Artists from the First World War: The Battlegrounds
		The battle was notable for the first use of chemical weapons (chlorine gas) by the Germans, and the steadfastness of the Canadians in sealing a significant breach in the lines.
		This well-known corner near the Asylum on the western outskirts of Ypres was, during the greater part of the time that the Canadians held the salient, just within view of a German observation post, and was consequently a place to be avoided.
		The Battle of Ypres did much to establish the reputation of the Canadians as a fighting force and directly gave weight to the national policy of keeping Canadian troops together rather than dispersing them under British command.
	www.archives.gov.on.ca /english/exhibits/war_artists/ypres.htm (1056 words)

	Ypres/Ieper: historical background
		In spite of this, Ypres managed to establish itself as a financially and culturally rich city in the 12th century.
		Being only 40 miles inland from the Belgian coast, Ypres was the hub of many important trade routes consisting of roads, rivers and canals leading to the Netherlands, France and to the English Channel.
		It was the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres and the beginning of the total destruction of a beautiful Flemish city.
	www.greatwar.co.uk /westfront/ypsalient/ypres.htm (1222 words)

	Battles of Ypres
		Along with the Battle of the Somme, the battles at Ypres have gone down in history The town had been the centre of battles before due to its strategic position, but the sheer devastation of the town and the surrounding countryside seems to perfectly summarise the futility of battles fought in World War One.
		The first major German attempt to regain Ypres took place on 15th October, the Germans launched an offensive along the Lys River and they almost succeeded in breaking the line, but experienced BEF riflemen held their positions but suffered heavy losses.
		This third battle of Ypres was launched on the 13th July 1917 with a lengthy preliminary artillery bombardment of over 4 million shells, this was effected for the ten days prior to the launch of the attack by the infantry at 03:50 on 31 July 1917.
	www.ourwardfamily.com /battles_of_ypres.htm (1750 words)

	The Battles of Ypres, 1914 ("First Ypres")
		The Battles of Ypres 1914 ('First Ypres') was considered by the 1921 Battles Nomenclature Committee to comprise of three phases: Langemarck, Gheluvelt and Nonne Bosschen.
		To the South-West of Ypres and west of Messines are the Flemish Hills.
		The Ypres countryside was dotted with many thick woods, with villages and hamlets spread along the roads that fan out of the town to the east and isolated houses scattered widely.
	www.1914-1918.net /bat7.htm (1849 words)

	Trenches on the Web - Special: The Second Battle of Ypres, Apr-1915
		The situation on the eve of battle was that the Canadians had only just been moved up into the front lines and had not become fully oriented to their surroundings.
		The Canadians were withdrawn from the battle on May 3, being relieved by the British.
		Second Ypres proved to be the worst battle the 1st Canadian Division would fight in the course of the war, however its result was the starting point of the strong reputation Canadian troops developed during the war.
	www.worldwar1.com /sf2ypres.htm (2265 words)

	3rd Ypres, they called it Passchendaele
		Known as the battle of Passchendaele, the third battle of Ypres was the collective name given to campaign that lasted until November 1917 aimed at capturing the Gheluvelt Plateau in southern Belgium.
		In 1917, the area of Flanders to the east of Ypres had great strategic importance because it was dominated by a German occupied ridge from the East to the South of Ypres.
		Haig's plan was to strike out of Ypres to the North and East and, in conjunction with a seaborne landing on the coast of Belgium at Nieuport, he would capture the high ground at Passchendaele which was the key to the whole area.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-battles/ww1/france/3rd_ypres.htm (3459 words)

	First Battle of Ypres - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This battle and the Battle of the Yser marked the end of the so-called Race to the Sea.
		The town of Ypres was rapidly demolished by artillery and air attack.
		The BEF was severely weakened at First Ypres, but the battle allowed the Allies time to strengthen their lines.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_Battle_of_Ypres (362 words)

	Passchendaele - the Third Battle of Ypres - Holts Tours
		We shall then study all the battles in sequence and in context, with special emphasis on the improved tactics of the British Army in 1917.
		The battle opened on 31 July 1917 and the real nature of the German defensive scheme was revealed.
		Battle of Pilkem Ridge 31 July and the failures of August when British morale hit rock bottom.
	www.holts.co.uk /ht132.html (411 words)

	Ypres - Editorial Book Reviews. Compare Book (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Ypres: The First Battle, 1914 by Ian F W Beckett (Longman) First Ypres in 1914 was a devastating battle for the British and a turning point for all four of the major armies involved.
		The battle for Ypres in October and November 1914 represented the last opportunity for open, mobile warfare on the Western Front for the next four years.
		The first battle to associate the British army with the `immortal salient, and indeed regarded as the end of the old army, the mythologising of the British struggle has obscured the major role of the French and Belgians in defending Flanders.
	www.comparebook.com /review/Ypres_0582506123.html (278 words)

	Battle of Ypres
		The most notorious of the battles fought near the small Belgian town of Ypres was that of Passchendaele in 1917 which for many came to epitomize the horror and futility of the Great War.
		This small area of Flanders was, however, witness also to the stand made by the British Expeditionary Force at First Ypres in 1914 during which the fighting passed from a war of movement to the stalemate of the trenches.
		In that time Ypres was to witness the first use of gas in warfare at the beginning of the Second Battle of Ypres in 1915 and the first use of flame-throwers at Hooge.
	www.wartours.com /ysalient.html (1491 words)

	The Great War . Maps & Battles . The Battle of Verdun \| PBS
		Begun in mid-February 1916, and ending in December, the battle of Verdun symbolized for the French the strength and fortitude of their armed forces and the solidarity of the entire nation.
		After a few short weeks, the battle took on a life of its own, with small groups of men on both sides fighting local battles in constant struggle for their lives, and protection of the territory they occupied.
		In the end, the front lines were nearly the same as when the battles started while over 300,000 French and Germans were killed and over 750,000 were wounded.
	www.pbs.org /greatwar/maps/maps_verdun.html (173 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The Second Battle of Ypres, 1915
		The Second Battle of Ypres comprised the only major attack launched by the German forces on the Western Front in 1915, Eric von Falkenhayn preferring to concentrate German efforts against the Russians on the Eastern Front.
		By the end of the war Ypres had been largely reduced to piles of rubble, the town’s magnificent Cloth Hall a wreck (although rebuilt to the original designs in the 1950’s).
		Losses during the Second Battle of Ypres are estimated at 69,000 Allied troops (59,000 British, 10,000 French), against 35,000 German, the difference in numbers explained by the use of chlorine gas.
	firstworldwar.com /battles/ypres2.htm (897 words)

	Third Battle of Ypres
		The next significant operation, the Battle of Langemarck, which did not begin until 16 August, was also a failure, with only the centre group of the Fifth Army moving forwards a few hundred yards.
		As a result the Second Army was now on the crest of the Ypres Ridge and although the weather had deteriorated, Haig decided to press on, in spite of advice to the contrary from his subordinate commanders.
		The Third Battle of Ypres cost the British nearly 310,000 casualties (the Germans slightly less) and had consumed all of the available reserves, bit it achieved none of its strategic objectives.
	westernfrontassociation.com /thegreatwar/articles/timeline/ypres3.htm (721 words)

	Addingham village /War/Ypres
		The rain, which was to figure so powerfully in the battle, began that morning, an incessant downpour that filled the shell craters and would not drain away.
		Throughout October Haig fed his men into a meat grinder of a battle: craters filled lip-to-lip with feted mud and slime were captured and recaptured The incessant shelling continually disinterred the bodies of the dead, and the salient’s hellish appearance was seared into the memories of the survivors.
		This contributed heavily to the bitter memory of 3rd battle of Ypres.
	www.addingham.info /war/ypres.htm (926 words)

	third battle of ypres (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		It was decided that the British forces would attack at the Ypres front as part of the three phase attack.
		The battle itself was focused on the small town of Passchendaele.
		The battle was going well until the eve of August 1, when heavy rains began and flooded over the area even worse than before.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Acropolis/2354/ypres3.html (363 words)

	Second Battle of Ypres - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Second Battle of Ypres was the first time Germany used chemical weapons on a large scale on the Western Front in World War I and the first time a colonial force (Canadians) forced back a major European power (Germans) on European soil, which occurred in the battle of St. Juliaan-Kitcheners' Wood.
		At Second Ypres, the smallest tactical unit in the infantry was a company; by 1917 it would be the section.
		A Third Battle of Ypres, more commonly known as Passchendaele was fought in the autumn of 1917.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Battle_of_Ypres (1107 words)

	21st Battalion History The Third Battle of Ypres
		This pill box method of defence is very effective as long as the whole system hangs out but as soon as one or two are captured or put out of action, the others can be approached from their "blind spot" which is no longer covered by machine gun fire from the flank.
		It was a fair battle, the enemy having the advantage of half an hours concentrated artillery fire on our lines but the fact that we reached our objectives according to plan and held or improved them speaks for itself.
		Ypres in the autumn in 1917 was an area of muddy shell holes over which only the paths were corduroy roads and duckboard tracks.
	www.nashos.org.au /21_hist_IX.htm (977 words)

	2nd Battle of Ypres
		Ypres, a medieval town in Belgium, was taken by the German Army at the beginning of the war.
		The 1st Battle of Ypres took place between 15th October and 22nd November, 1914.
		Heavy fighting and frequent gas attacks continued around Ypres until 25th May. The Allied line held, but the German Fourth Army was able to use its new higher positions to bombard the town with heavy artillery.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWypres2.htm (1336 words)

	World War One - The Second Battle of Ypres
		FIRST to feel the effects of German terrorism through poison gas were the gallant Canadian troops on the afternoon of April 22, 1915, at Ypres, Belgium.
		Before the battle, the English and Canadians held a line from Broodseinde to half a mile north of St. Julien on the crest of the Grafenstafel Ridge.
		For the trench was not only taken, it was held thereafter against all corners, and in the teeth of every conceivable projectile, until the night of Sunday, the 25th, when all that remained of the war-broken but victorious battalion was relieved by fresh troops.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles26/world-war-one-27.shtml (1101 words)

	::Ypres::
		The Battle of Ypres (and the numerous battles that surrounded this Flanders town) has become linked forever with World War One.
		By the winter, the Germans had not taken Ypres and heavy rain meant that any movement was impossible as the roads turned to mud.
		The arrival of the Americans into the war in 1917, hastened the defeat of the Germans and the last shell fell on Ypres on the 14th of October 1918.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /ypres.htm (788 words)

	Canada at War - Page: WWI: Second Battle of Ypres (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In the first week of April 1915 the Canadian troops were moved from their quiet sector to a bulge in the Allied line in front of the City of Ypres.
		This was the famed - or notorious - Ypres Salient, where the British and allied line pushed into the German line in a concave bend.
		The Germans held the higher ground and were able to fire into the allied trenches from the north, the south and the east.
	www.wwii.ca /page19.html (620 words)

	Battle of Ypres
		The second Battle for Ypres (April to May 1915) opened with a Chlorine gas attack by the Germans, This opened a large gap in the British lines, But the Germans were unable to exploit the situation, before the British and Canadians had filled the gap with reserves.
		When the first German attack on the Ypres salient in November 1914, culminated in a charge of the Prussian Guard on November 11th, Sergeant Clarke was stationed with his troop of the 15th Hussars and a party of Turcos in the Chateau of Herentage with orders to hold it at all cost.
		At Ypres, Quartermaster-Sergeant Downs was largely responsible for the training of the machine gunners of the 1st Cheshire Regiment, who did brilliant work in the early stages of the campaign.
	www.first-world-war.com /battle_of_ypes.htm (6552 words)

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