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Topic: Battle of the Drina

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	Drina - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Drina is formed by the confluence of the Tara and the Piva rivers, both of which flow from Montenegro and converge on the border of Bosnia and Herzegovina, at the village of Šćepan Polje.
		The Drina originates between the slopes of the Maglić and Pivska planina mountains, between the villages of Šćepan Polje (in Montenegro) and Hum (in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina).
		The Drina continues to the northeast, flowing close to the villages of Žuželo, Odžak, Kopači and Ustiprača, entering the 26 km long Međeđa gorge carved between the Vučevica mountains from the south and the southern slopes of the Devetak mountains from the north.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Drina (1980 words)

	The Probert Encyclopaediat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Battle of Algiers was a bitter conflict in Algiers from 1954 to 1962 between the Algerian nationalist population and the French colonial army and French settlers.
		The Battle of Culloden was a defeat in 1746 of the Jacobite rebel army of the British prince Charles Edward Stuart (the 'Young Pretender') by the Duke of Cumberland on a stretch of moorland in Inverness-shire, Scotland.
		The Battle of Navas de Tolosa was fought in 1212 between Yakub Almansur of the Almohades and the kings of Aragon, Castile and Navarre.
	david-pye.com /probert/F2.php (16661 words)

	Serbian First Army - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It acted as a strategic reserve in the area of Aranđelovac during the Battle of Cer, but some of its divisions were sent to support the Second and Third armies actively engaged in the battle.
		During the defensive part of this battle this army was in the most difficult situation due to heavy casaulties from the Battle of Drina and acute lack of artillery ammunition.
		It subsequently pursued that army all the way to the Drina, while the other two armies were engaged in expulsing the Austro-Hungarian 5th army.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Serbian_First_Army (687 words)

	SFOR - History of Bosnia and Herzegovina
		Large portions of the surviving knowledge of the battle have been enshrined in a series of epic poems that have formed the Serb legend.
		Contrary to the widespread Serbian legend about this battle, thousands of Albanian knights and soldiers fought beside their Serbian brothers in arms against the Ottoman Empire and many of them died on behalf of the Serbian cause.
		At the time of the battle of Kosovo Polje the Ottoman Empire already occupied many of the territories that are parts of Bulgaria, Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
	www.nato.int /sfor/indexinf/118/p03a/chapter2.htm (755 words)

	BOZUR
		In the Battle of Kumanovo one of the greatest and most decisive victories of the Allied army in the First Balkan War was won.
		During August 1914 a great battle was waged in the area of Cer, in which around 200,000 men with a great number of artillery pieces of ordnance took part on the Austro-Hungarian side, and around 180,000 men on the Serb side.
		After the battle of the Drina in September 1914, the Serb army was forced by the advancing Austro-Hungarian army to retreat towards the river Kolubara and Ljig.
	www.nasasrbija.co.yu /polje/t_bozur5_1.htm (1170 words)

	Annex VI : Study of the battle and siege of Sarajevo (part 1/10)
		Chronology of the battle and siege of Sarajevo
		The purpose of the chronology is to describe the events and consequences of the battle and siege of Sarajevo and to evaluate apparent patterns of violations of humanitarian law.
		Given the magnitude of the shelling over the course of the siege, the logistics required to re-arm the besieging forces, and the continuous attacks on civilian targets, the commanders of the Sarajevo Romanija Corps should be held accountable for the extensive destruction to private and public property, and for the resulting loss of civilian lives.
	www.ess.uwe.ac.uk /comexpert/ANX/VI-01.htm (14342 words)

	Battle of Kolubra River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The attack was renewed on 5 November and the Serbs were slowly driven back as the Austrians advanced with relative ease; Valjevo fell on 15 November and Belgrade, the Serbian capital, on 2 December.
		To the south the Austrian held a position beyond the Kolubra River, some 50 miles east of the Drina, and had become overextended in the mountainous terrain..
		Belgrade was recaptured on 15 December as the enemy finally left Serbian soil, their retreat having been covered by monitors on the Danube and Drina rivers.
	www.westernfront.co.uk /thegreatwar/articles/timeline/kolubra.htm (323 words)

	The Eastern Front, 1914-1915. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Completely demoralized, the Russians fell back, while the Germans advanced to the lower Niemen River and occupied the gouvernement of Suvalki.
		Austrian forces again crossed the Drina into Serbia as the Serbs invaded Syrmia.
		The Serbs captured Zemlin (Zemun) on Sept. 10, but were unable to continue the advance into Austrian territory.
	www.bartleby.com /67/1792.html (384 words)

	[No title]
		The revamped German battle plan, developed on August 21--2 days before Hindenburg and Ludendorff assumed command--called for the deployment of one lone cavalry division to delay Rennenkampf, while the bulk of the German army was shifted south, by rail and road, to confront Samsonov.
		Penned in a salient, Romanian Gen. Alexandru Averescu was disastrously defeated in the Battle of the Arges River (December 1-4).
		Amazingly, none of the German battle cruisers had been sunk in their courageous "death ride." Although the main battle was over, Scheer knew that the British fleet was heading southward, hoping to trap him as he returned to his home ports.
	www.textfiles.com /reports/worldwi.rpt (21986 words)

	The Great War - Balkans Front- James Mowbray (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Battle of the Drina (River) Austrians invade Serbia, disregarding Serbs in Bosnia, who are shifted back to defend Belgrade, but after ten days of fierce fighting are forced to withdraw southwest of their capital (still in Serb hands)
		Battle of Florina Bulgar-German offensive drives the Allies, under French General Sarrail, back to the Struma River line, where the front is stabilized
		Battle of the Vardar In which d'Esperey with 200,000 men fit to fight (out of 600,000, the rest of whom were malarial, unfit, or otherwise rendered hors d'combat due to disease and conditions in the theater) attacked the Bulgarian Army of 400,000 men
	www.au.af.mil /au/awc/awcgate/mowbray/gw-balk.htm (490 words)

	SFOR Informer Online: Patrolling the Montenegrin border
		The 5th Company of the German Battle Group (GEBG) is posted in Filipovici, in the Multinational Division Southeast (MND-SE) Area of Responsibility (AoR).
		It is in charge of the far east side of the AOR of the battle group, next to the border with Montenegro.
		The 5th Mixed Infantry/Reconnaissance Coy is settled at a former depot of the Yugoslavian Army at the top of a hill.
	www.nato.int /sfor/indexinf/142/p06a/t02p06a.htm (672 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Wales \| Fusiliers' battle to save Bosnians
		The attack against the town was never made public at the time, but the actions of the Welsh soldiers on that day are credited with saving the town.
		On the west bank of the Drina River, overlooking the Muslim enclave of Gorazde and its 45,000 Muslim inhabitants, Bosnian Serb soldiers rapidly overpowered the fusiliers.
		For the next three weeks, the Serbs and Muslims were locked in battle for the town.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/wales/2535155.stm (844 words)

	Battle of the Drina, 8-17 September 1914 (Serbia)
		Battle of the Drina, 8-17 September 1914 (Serbia)
		After the defeat of their first invasion, the Austrians mounted another attack on Serbia, crossing the River Drina on 7 September.
		The Serbs rushed their army back from a brief invasion of Austrian Bosnia, but despite ten days of fierce fighting were unable to push the Austrians out of their bridgeheads, and withdrew to form another line of defence before Belgrade, which fell to the Austrians on 2 December.
	www.historyofwar.org /articles/battles_drina.html (162 words)

	Annex VI : Study of the battle and siege of Sarajevo (part 5/10)
		The attack came in the midst of a pitched battle between BiH army and Serb troops which included heavy shelling across the airport runway and infantry attacks with several BiH and Serb held suburbs around the airport.
		The Battle for Stup and Azici was reported to be in its seventh day as west and central Sarajevo was shelled.
		The main battle had been for a strategic stretch of open ground at Azici where defenders had attempted to hold trenches guarding the west entrance to the city.
	www.ess.uwe.ac.uk /comexpert/ANX/VI-05.htm (13446 words)

	Battle of Jadar River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The main attack began when the Fifth Army and part of the Sixth Army moved across the River Drina to the west.
		The Second Army (General von Böhm Ermolli), which struck from the north, crossing the Save River on 14 August, was half its normal strength because of transfers to Galicia.
		On 16 August, the armies engaged along a 30-mile front on Jadar River and the Austrians came under attack at the pivot between their VIII and XIII Corps.
	www.westernfront.co.uk /thegreatwar/articles/timeline/jadar.htm (264 words)

	WarData.net World War One Timeline
		British Grand Fleet leaves Scapa Flow for the Battle of Jutland.
		The Battle of Vimy Ridge was the first successful operation against the German Hindenburg Line during World War I. Arras Offensive
		"Battle of Isle of Mey" - 100 men died in a series of collisions in the Firth of Forth, involving submarines and surface ships.
	www.wardata.net /wardata_wwi_timeline.htm (883 words)

	Bosnian Timeline
		After many years of struggles against the advancing Ottoman Turks, the armies of the Serbian and Bosnian kingdoms are destroyed and the Serbian king is killed on St. Vitus' Day (Vidovdan), June 28; this date is later adopted as Serbia's national day.
		A Turkish child-tribute caravan crosses the Drina, carrying the young Sokolović (1516).
		The Turks occupy most of Hungary, consolidating their hold on Bosnia and the rest of the Balkans.
	dmorgan.web.wesleyan.edu /materials/drina.htm (644 words)

	Mars na Drinu (1964) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The topic of this film is the first battle of WW1 that was won by the allies, when small and outnumbered army of Serbian Kingdom defeated Austro-Hungarian invading forces.
		Historically, battles of Drina and Cer, in Serbia, were the first two victories in WW1.
		Unfortunately, overwhelmed by the invaders, serbian army had to retreat all the way to Greece and wait there until the allies were ready to open the front at Solun.
	www.imdb.com /title/tt0172776 (361 words)

	www.gornjimilanovac.org.yu
		He learned how to read and write in the Monastery of Vracevsnica, where he was the monk at first, and then since 1810 he had been the prior of the monastery.
		He took part in the preparations of the Second Serbian Rising and he distinguished himself in the battles on Ljubic and Palez in 1815.
		He excelled himself in the battles in Cacak and Ljubic and in a battle on the Drina river.
	www.gornjimilanovac.org.yu /en/history/eminent_persons.html (719 words)

	Serbs
		A second Austrian offensive was repulsed towards the middle of September at what is known for convenience' sake as the battle of the Drina.
		The battle of Kosovo, the great battle which sealed the fate of Serbian independence (June 28, 1389), has sometimes been called the Flodden of the Balkans, but it has always filled a far larger place in the imagination of the Serb than Flodden could ever fill in that of the Scot.
		When the news of the battle of Kumanovo reached Austria, a Catholic Croat bishop recited the Nunc Dimittis, thus proving that the spirit of the patriotic Bishop Strossmayer is reviving among the Croat episcopate.
	www.kosovo.net /seton.html (4690 words)

	Napoleon Series Battle Lists: Other Actions
		It is doubtful to claim this event as an English victory because the french fleet succeeded in reaching the target of protecting a naval grain convoy coming from America.
		Naval Battle of Abukir Bay (Battle of the Nile)
		This Loznica is near the Drina west of Belgrade.
	www.napoleon-series.org /military/listings/c_other.html (195 words)

	The Battle of Kosovo (Serbian Epic Poems)
		The Kosovo battle resulted in heavy losses on both sides, but seems to have been devastating for the Serbs in that most of their leaders and nobility were killed or driven into exile.
		Wishing to be remembered in his homeland, he ordered the construction of the immense stone bridge across the Drina at Visegrad which resulted in years of forced labor for the inhabitants of the area and particular hardship for the members of the unconverted Christian rayah.
		Karadzic was born in 1787 in a village on the east of the Macva Plain which is itself bordered on the west by the Drina.
	www.members.tripod.com /Balkania/resources/history/battle_of_kosovo.html (11858 words)

	Military History Timeline
		Battle of Heligoland Bight(Naval Battle), minor British naval victory off German coast.
		Last day of the First battle of the Marne (France), allied victory ending German hopes of a short war.
		Last day of battle of the Drina (from 8 September), Serbs retreat to defend Belgrade.
	www.historyofwar.org /period1900.html (1072 words)

	Translation of Serbia Day June 25 1916. Anniversary of the Battle of Kossovo. WWI Posters
		Serbian civilians and military personnel crossing the River Drina in what is now Yugoslavia.
		The Battle of Kossovo was the last battle lost by the Serbians before they were forced to migrate into the Albanian mountains for the winter.
		Kossovo was also significant because that is where the Serbians lost an equally important battle in 1389.
	www.rainfall.com /posters/WWI/303.htm (326 words)

	YDS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		General Srboljub Trajkovic, Commander of the First Army, was speaking in front of a monument to Serbian soldiers in Tekeris, near Loznica, Serbia, at a ceremony marking the 85th anniversary of the Battle of Cer.
		He spoke about the historic importance of the Battle of Cer in which the Serbian army, led by the brilliant strategist Stepa Stepanovic, defeated the Austro-Hungarian army and sent it retreating in disarray across the River Drina.
		The four-day Battle of Cer, in which the Serbian army won its first victory against Austria-Hungary, ended on August 18, 1914, and was the first allied victory in the First World War.
	www.suc.org /news/yds/b300899_e.html (1465 words)

	frontline: the world's most wanted man: bosnia: two kings' battle
		These ballads usually tell stories of important political events, battles and wars and are sung and played on the national instrument, the "gusla."
		The following three-minute excerpt from "Two Kings' Battle" tells the story of the early 20th century Balkan war in which Serbian and Montenegrin kings united to fight Austria-Hungarian forces who wanted to conquer their land.
		The style of this ballad dates back to medieval times when the region was part of the Ottoman empire.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/karadzic/bosnia/twokings.html (362 words)

	The Battle of Neretva
		1943 victory of Tito's Partisans over the German Army re-creates the horror of the battle.
		Should have had more character involvement because the film evokes only mild sympathy and audience identification.
		The Partisans reached the eastern parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and almost entirely incapacitated the Chetniks in the area west of the Drina River.
	www.vernonjohns.org /snuffy1186/neretva.html (261 words)

	Sailing Source Feature Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Alstar, the offshore racer owned by the world's oldest "owner-driver", 83-year-old Alby Burgin, had tonight taken over the role of leader in the Coffs Harbour to Fiji race when line honours favourite Fudge was forced to retire with a blown-out mainsail.
		Burgin, who has accumulated more than half a million offshore miles since he started sailing at age nine, was also looking set to battle Michael Thurston's Drina for a win on handicap in the 1800-mile race that will finish in Suva.
		Drina (Michael Thurston), which is leading the racing division on handicap, had to avoid a pod of whales.
	www.sailingsource.com /scuttlebutt/326.html (3201 words)

	cd-032 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		You are about to place a bid on a brand new (never used) high-quality CD-Rom containing excellent scans of ALL the material described below.
		THE AUSTRIAN INVASION AND THE BATTLE OF THE JADAR
		This text is illustrated with 42 photos and 3 maps showing the battle area (one is a large double-page map showing the invaded area from the Save and Semlin in the north to Kragujevatz and Uzitsha in the south).
	sponkins.com /cd-032 (190 words)

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