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Topic: Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands

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	AnthroGlobe Bibliography: POLYNESIAN OUTLIER
		In Anuta: A Polynesian Outlier in the Solomon Islands.
		1985 Diplura from the Bismarck Archipelago and the Solomon Islands.
		1975 The Protura of the Bismarck Archipelago and Solomon Islands.
	www.coombs.anu.edu.au /Biblio/biblio_polynesian_outlier.html (8461 words)

	Battle of Midway - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, the Midway Islands were the closest remaining U.S. base to Japan, and would therefore be strongly defended by the U.S. Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto's battle plan was typically bold and ingenious.
		Meanwhile, as a result of their participation in the Battle of the Coral Sea, the Japanese aircraft carrier Zuikaku was laid up, at Truk in the Caroline Islands, waiting for an air group to be brought to her to replace her decimated planes, while the lightly damaged Shokaku was awaiting repairs.
		The battle was another demonstration (after the Battle of Taranto and the attack on Force Z) of the superiority of naval air power over direct ship-to-ship combat.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Midway (2252 words)

	Japanese aircraft carrier Shokaku - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		After repairs, Shokaku took part in two further 1942 battles, both in concert with her sister: the battle of the Eastern Solomons, where they damaged USS Enterprise, and the battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, where they sank USS Hornet but Shokaku was once again seriously damaged by dive bombers.
		She was assigned to a counter-attack against the Aleutian Islands, but the operation was cancelled after the Allied victory at Attu.
		During the Battle of the Philippine Sea on 19 June 1944 she was hit at 11:23 by three (possibly four) torpedoes from the U.S. submarine Cavalla (Commander Herman J. Kossler).
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Shokaku (595 words)

	Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands was a naval battle of World War II, one of several episodes in the Solomon Islands campaign.
		Fought on 26 October 1942, the Japanese won a tactical victory by crippling the aircraft carrier USS Hornet and forcing the remaining US ships to retreat, but they did not achieve their strategic goal of dislodging the US Marines from Guadalcanal.
		The Japanese, reluctant to risk their remaining carriers in a major engagement in the Solomon Islands until they had a good land airfield, decided to seize Henderson Field on Guadalcanal.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_the_Santa_Cruz_Islands (375 words)

	VT-8 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Torpedo Squadron 8 (VT-8) was a United States Navy squadron of torpedo bombers assigned to the Air Group operating from the aircraft carrier USS Hornet (CV-8).
		The squadron joined the ship shortly after commissioning in October 1941 and remained in the Pacific following her sinking in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands in October 1942.
		VT-8's first combat was the Battle of Midway (4 June 1942).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/VT-8 (287 words)

	Action Report: 26 October 1942
		Santa Cruz is widely recognized as the most violent carrier-vs-carrier battle of the Second World War.
		Enterprise become the last operational US carrier in the Pacific, the battle was a strategic victory for the US Navy, as the Japanese failed in their stated mission to sweep the USN from the seas.
		At 1500 Task Force 61 proceeded to the north-westward to round the Santa Cruz Islands prior to a southwesterly passage east of San Cristobal (Solomons) in support of our forces in the Guadalcanal-Tulagi area against a threatened attack by large Japanese naval forces known to be to the northeastward of the Solomons.
	www.cv6.org /ship/logs/action19421026.htm (6835 words)

	Book Review: Carrier Strike
		The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands Oct 1942
		The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands in the bitter Guadalcanal Campaign was history's fourth carrier-versus-carrier naval battle.
		Deemed a Japanese victory because U.S. naval forces withdrew, Santa Cruz, on a strategic level, was an American victory because the U.S. Navy was able to hold the line and buy time, while Japan failed to achieve her goal of defeating the U.S. Pacific fleet in a decisive, all-or-nothing battle.
	www.pacificwrecks.com /reviews/strike.html (154 words)

	The Battle Of Santa Cruz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Was observing Japanese warships nearby during the battle of Santa Cruz,...
		Battle of Santa Cruz Islands Sinking of USS Hornet (CV 8)...
		Battle damage inflicted on USS Enterprise CV-6, Battle of Santa Cruz, 26 October 1942.
	www.hardcoreboarder.com /149/The-Battle-of-Santa-Cruz.html (250 words)

	USN Ships--USS South Dakota (BB-57)
		On 26 October1942, her anti-aircraft guns played a prominent role in the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, during which her forward sixteen-inch gun turret was hit by a Japanese bomb.
		She shelled targets in the Japanese Home Islands in July and August, during the final acts of the Pacific War, and was present in Tokyo Bay on 2 September 1945 during the Formal Surrender of Japan.
		The inboard destroyer, with the distorted bow, is probably USS Mahan (DD-364), which was damaged in a collision with South Dakota at the close of the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands on 27 October 1942.
	www.history.navy.mil /photos/sh-usn/usnsh-s/bb57.htm (919 words)

	Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, 26 October 1942 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, 26 October 1942
		In October 1942, the Imperial Japanese Navy appeared to be narrowly winning the battle for control of the seas around Guadalcanal.
		At Santa Cruz, Kondo showed that he had learned well the lessons of Midway.
	www.users.bigpond.com /battleforaustralia/Guadalcanal/SantaCruz.html (1138 words)

	Battle of Santa Cruz
		The Battle of Santa Cruz was the last of the carrier battles around Guadalcanal.
		The Battle of Santa Cruz Island took place 26 October 42 without contact between surface ships of the opposing forces.
		Although the battle had been costly, combined with the Marine victory on Guadalcanal, they had turned back the attempted Japanese parry in the Solomons.
	www.ww2pacific.com /santacrz.html (585 words)

	The Campaign For Guadalcanal - Naval Action Photo Gallery
		Savo Island is in the center distance and Cape Esperance, on Guadalcanal, is at the left.
		Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, October 26 1942
		A picture taken after the Battle of Santa Cruz shows the damage to the forward gun mounts and forecastle of USS Smith done by a Jap suicide plane.
	www.daveswarbirds.com /guadalcanal/photos-naval_action.htm (1148 words)

	USN Ships--USS HORNET (CV-8)
		Hornet was then sent to the South Pacific to reinforce U.S. units there following the Battle of Coral Sea, but was recalled to Pearl Harbor in mid-May. She then took part in the Battle of Midway, on 4-6 June, during which her planes shared in the sinking of the Japanese cruiser Mikuma.
		On 26 October 1942, during the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, her planes attacked and badly damaged the Japanese carrier Shokaku.
		Underway in the Southern Pacific, 15 May 1942, a week after the Battle of Coral Sea and the day before she was recalled to Pearl Harbor to prepare for the Battle of Midway.
	www.history.navy.mil /photos/sh-usn/usnsh-h/cv8.htm (824 words)

	CA-24 Pensacola
		From August to December 1942, she operated in support of the Guadalcanal campaign, mainly serving with aircraft carriers, and was present during the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands in late October and the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal in mid-November.
		At the end of November, Pensacola was badly damaged by a torpedo in the Battle of Tassafaronga, with the loss of over 120 of her crewmen.
		In 1944 she took part in the conquest of the Marshall Islands and operated with carrier striking forces during raids in the central Pacific.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/agency/navy/ca-24.htm (484 words)

	CarrierStrike.html
		Santa Cruz was a straight-up carrier duel between two aggressive striking forces - and this time, the Americans tasted defeat.
		Santa Cruz itself was sparked by the Imperial Navy's pledge to support an abortive Japanese Army offensive that was supposed to wipe out the American bridgehead on Guadalcanal.
		Hammel ends his book with the common wisdom that Santa Cruz was a tactical victory but a strategic defeat for Japan.
	www.themilitarybookreview.com /html/CarrierStrike.html (944 words)

	Carrier Strike: The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, October 1942, Pacifica Press (CA), Eric M. Hammel
		The weapons, logistics and even battle doctrine held by both the USN and the IJN at that time is explored.
		Hammel presents the battle in such a manner that the outcome is not a foregone conclusion in spite of the fact that the events occured over sixty years ago.
		Eric Hammel's CARRIER STRIKE The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, should be the definitive work on this, the last of the 4 major carrier battles of WWII.
	allentech.net /bookstore/item_0935553371.html (543 words)

	Carrier Battles in the Pacific - 1942 ... and other WWII battles in the Pacific (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The time period in between the battle of Eastern Solomons and the Battle of Santa Cruz was marked by minor naval encounters between the US and Japanese navies on a daily basis, and the bloody night ones.
		But Japanese didn't want to repeat their mistake from the battle of Midway and wait again, so despite the half-reliable sighting report at 0700 heavy cruisers Myoko and Maya were detached to recover the floatplanes.
		But the Japanese were not unprepared for this: remembering what had happened in the Battle of Midway, Japanese spread the hoses over the decks and as soon as the last bomb landed they were played upon the flames, and through superb fire fighting all the fires were out by 1430.
	www.everblue.net /1942/santacruz.php (3311 words)

	The FReeper Foxhole Remembers The Battle of Santa Cruz(10/25-27/1942) - Sep. 25th, 2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Led the IJN 3rd Fleet at the Battle of the Eastern Solomons, and Carrier Division 1 at the Battle of Santa Cruz.
		USS Hornet at the naval Battle of Santa Cruz Forty-nine Japanese aircraft dived through the slather of flak from her escort and killed the carrier Hornet (center, burning) with three torpedoes, six bombs, and two suicide crashes on her flight deck.
		Santa Cruz represented the end for most of the IJN pilots who began the war at Pearl Harbor.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-vetscor/989004/posts (9274 words)

	U.S. Navy - A Brief History of Aircraft Carriers: Battle of Santa Cruz Islands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		26, 1942 - The Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands resulted in a tactical victory for Japan, but a strategic one for the U.S. in that Japan was unable to dislodge American forces off Guadalcanal.
		The two destroyers had to retire from the scene upon the arrival Japanese destroyers.
		The Japanese administered the coup de grâce to Hornet by firing four 24-inch torpedoes at her blazing hull, sending her to the bottom at 0135, 27 Oct. 1942, off the Santa Cruz Islands.
	www.chinfo.navy.mil /navpalib/ships/carriers/cv8-sink.html (249 words)

	Battle of Santa Cruz Islands
		The Battle of Cape Esperance and the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands comprise one of a series of twenty-one published and thirteen unpublished Combat Narratives of specific naval campaigns produced by the Publications Branch of the Office of Naval Intelligence during World War II.
		Following the Battle of the Eastern Solomons in late August 1942, the naval phase of the Guadalcanal Campaign entered a lull which lasted through September.
		Administrative records from the period indicate that Ensign Henry V. Poor wrote the account of the Battle of Cape Esperance and that he coauthored the story of the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands along with Lieutenant (jg) Henry A. Mustin and Lieutenant (jg) Colin G. Jameson.
	ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USN/USN-CN-SantaCruz/USN-CN-SantaCruz-fwd.html (1280 words)

	The Battle of Santa Cruz, October 25th, 1942
		It was obvious that such a heavy shelling would incapacitate U.S. air power on the island, and together with the carriers now within supporting distance to the north, any threat to the convoy would be fought off.
		In a battle lasting three days and nights, the Sendai Division hurled itself into the southern side of the U.S. perimeter, while IJN forces moved into support range to Guadalcanal's north, expecting the battle to be successful and hoping for a crack at the elusive U.S. Navy forces.
		Enterprise's fire-control radar failed her; and it was the naked eyes of her topside lookouts that caught the first glimpse of the shiny-gray dive bombers that came hurtling through an empty sky devoid of anti-aircraft fire, at 1015.
	www.microworks.net /pacific/battles/santa_cruz.htm (4173 words)

	Ships of the World: An Historical Encyclopedia - - Zuiho (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		During the prolonged struggle for the Solomon Islands in the southwest Pacific, Zuiho was damaged at the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands on October 26, 1942.
		Her next major engagement was at the Battle of the Philippine Sea in June 1944, where the Japanese carrier force was all but annihilated.
		On October 25, 1944, Zuiho was lost in about 19°20N, 125°51E, one of four Japanese carriers—with Chitose, Zuikaku, and Chiyoda—sunk by U.S. carrier-based planes at the Battle of Cape Engaño in one of the four actions that constituted the Battle of Leyte Gulf.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/ships/html/sh_102400_zuiho.htm (203 words)

	Guadalcanal Campaign, August 1942 - February 1943
		At sea, the campaign featured two major battles between aircraft carriers that were more costly to the Americans than to the Japanese, and many submarine and air-sea actions that gave the Allies an advantage.
		With all this, the campaign's outcome was very much in doubt for nearly four months and was not certain until the Japanese completed a stealthy evacuation of their surviving ground troops in the early hours of 8 February 1943.
		At Guadalcanal, the Japanese were harshly shoved into a long and costly retreat, one that continued virtually unchecked until their August 1945 capitulation.
	www.history.navy.mil /photos/events/wwii-pac/guadlcnl/guadlcnl.htm (1522 words)

	Battle of Midway: Vice Admiral Chuichi Nagumo (1886-1944) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		His force was decisively defeated on 4 June 1942, during the Battle of Midway, losing all four carriers present.
		Vice Admiral Nagumo retained command of the remaining Japanese aircraft carriers into November 1942, leading them in the Battle of the Eastern Solomons in August and the Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands in October.
		He was later placed in charge of naval forces in the Marianas Islands area.
	library.nps.navy.mil /home/midway/nagumo.htm (249 words)

	Battle of the Eastern Solomons, 24th August 1942 - 25th August 1942
		Ichiki’s landing force was, however, not able to appreciate the firm ground under their feet after the destroyer voyage for long; in the Battle of the Tenaru, 800 of them died at the hands of General Vandegrift’s Marines.
		There was, however, still another attempt running to reinforce the island, 1500 men of the second echelon of Ichiki’s regiment, and the 5th Yokosuka Special Landing Force.
		On August 22nd, Ghormley adviced Fletcher one last time before the battle: he was to fuel as soon as possible, and Fletcher, having August 25th as the date on which the Japanese were to attack, detached Rear-Admiral Leigh Noyes’ Wasp task force to fuel south of the other forces on August 23rd.
	www.microworks.net /pacific/battles/eastern_solomons.htm (2832 words)

	SurfWax: News, Reviews and Articles On Santa Cruz Islands
		We were taken to the Royal Palm Hotel on Santa Cruz Islands, where we spent the night.
		The Santa Catalina foxes were ravaged by an outbreak of canine distemper.
		In 1942, the U.S. ship Hornet was sunk in the Battle of Santa Cruz Islands during World War II..
	geography.surfwax.com /files/Santa_Cruz_Islands.html (290 words)

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