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Topic: Battle of the Washita

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	Battle of Washita River - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The evidence used to depict the Battle of Washita is derived from Custer’s own account of the battle while the evidence used in describing the events prior to the battle revolves heavily around General Phillip Sheridan’s annual report of 1868.
		Washita prisoners (53 women and children) testified that as many as 11 warchiefs and headmen were killed that day.
		Washita, The Southern Cheyenne and the U.S. Army.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Washita_River (1593 words)

	Washita -- Chapter 9
		Granted these semantic parameters, the action on the Washita must be viewed on the grounds of whether the events that occurred on November 27,1868, were of sufficient form and magnitude to classify them one way or the other.
		But whether it was truly an "offensive battle" remains murky, for that term's definition assumes that the enemy is an opposing army and not a village containing large numbers of noncombatants.
		For the Cheyennes at the Washita in 1868, with the specter of the Sand Creek Massacre ever at hand, Custer's force delivered the quintessential example of this ruthless and remorseless form of warfare.
	www.friendslittlebighorn.com /Washita-chapter-9.htm (1662 words)

	Drawing the Western Frontier: The James E. Taylor Album (Pages 49, 93, 94)
		Killed Nov. 27, 1868 at the Battle of Washita I.T. a Sgt. Maj.
		Many of the squaws were taken with arms in their hands, and several of my command are known to have been wounded by them.
		The desperate character of the combat may be inferred from the fact that after the battle the bodies of thirty-eight dead warriors were found in a [s]mall ravine near the village in which they had posted themselves.
	www.nmnh.si.edu /naa/taylor/washita.htm (1475 words)

	BlogOklahoma.us - Exploring Okalhoma's History - Marker
		Washita Battlefield National Historic Site protects and interprets the site of the Southern Cheyenne village of Peace Chief Black Kettle that was attacked by the 7th U.S. Cavalry under Lt. Col.
		The other Indians encamped along the Washita felt Black Kettle was unlucky after his misfortune at Sand Creek and made his group camp at the western end of the winter encampments over two miles from the other camp.
		From both the historic and modern accounts we can determine that the cause of the Battle of Washita was a break down in Indian to agent communications which resulted in Indian raiding.
	www.blogoklahoma.us /Marker.asp?id=21 (1667 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		THE BATTLE OF THE WASHITA The camp was becoming aroused now -- beyond the teepees of the Cheyenne, half-dressed Arapaho and Kiowa rushed from their warm lodges and began to spread the alarm -- "Pony Soldiers!" and "Yellow Hair!" hastened the cry.
		The sounds of battle there were fading in the distance -- the gunfire that had filled the air had slackened, and so Custer, to quell the fire, raised his hand, shouting that the fight was over.
		Thus his men would in victory scalp the men and cut off private parts of the Indian women to be worn as part of their uniforms as they roamed across the west subduing the savages of the plains, marking civilization's conquest.
	members.tripod.com /ejps/index-6.html (3176 words)

	Washita
		George Custer, the 7th Cavalry, the Cheyenne, and Black Kettle at the Battle of the Washita.
		And, at last, a historian has finally brought to rest the controversy of whether the Washita was a battle or a massacre.
		From the opening of the battle when Custer orders the soldier’s dogs killed to ensure silence, to the vexation of the warriors watching hundreds of ponies killed, Greene’s account of the Battle of the Washita is told better than all others preceding him.
	www.friendslittlebighorn.com /Washita-book-review.htm (934 words)

	Washita - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Washita, river, c.450 mi (720 km) long, rising in the Texas Panhandle near the Okla. line and flowing generally SE across Oklahoma to Lake Texoma or the Red River.
		Fort Cobb Dam on Pond Creek and Foss Dam on the river both serve the Washita basin project.
		The battle of the Washita (1868), in which General Custer defeated the Cheyenne, took place on the river, near the town of Cheyenne, Okla.; the location is now the Washita Battlefield National Historic Site.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-washita.html (321 words)

	Washita
		The Battle of the Washita symbolizes the struggle of the Southern Great Plains tribes to maintain their traditional lifeways and not to submit to reservation confinement.
		These people had been ordered by the military to go to the vicinity of Fort Cobb along the Washita (which was within the reservation boundaries of Indian Territory) to demonstrate their desire to not participate in any war.
		The assembled tribes were recorded as congregating along the Washita by the military and were categorized according to their desire for peace.
	www.dickshovel.com /genosite.html (930 words)

	Ask Us A Question (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Battle of the Little Bighorn â” which is also called Custer's last stand and Custer Massacre and, in the parlance of the relevant Native Americans, the Battle of the Greasy Grass â” was an armed engagement between a Lakota-Northern Cheyenne combined force and the 7th Cavalry of the United States Army.
		The battle was the most famous incident in the Indian Wars and was a remarkable victory for the Lakota and Northern Cheyenne.
		The battle was the subject of an army Court of Inquiry, made at Reno's request, in 1879 in Chicago, in which Reno's conduct was scrutinized.
	www.sanpablocaus.com /details/Battle_of_the_Little_Bighorn (4406 words)

	Stone Bridge: America and human rights
		There was a little overlook where you could look down a slight slope into the valley of the Washita, the river visible as a line of low trees half a mile away.
		The controversial strike was hailed at the time by the military and many civilians as a significant victory aimed at reducing Indian raids on frontier settlements.
		Washita remains controversial because many Indians and whites labeled Custer's attack a massacre.
	stone-bridge.blogspot.com /2005/05/america-and-human-rights.html (1269 words)

	Before the Founding : Page 12
		Battle of the Washita, engraving, Library of Congress, 001_002_3.35
		The village was in a bend of the Washita River.
		The “battle” was termed a victory for the Army.
	www.sirinet.net /~project/Phase1/PhaseIBeforeTheFounding12.html (265 words)

	PEACE PARTY -- Stereotype of the Month contest
		I invite you not to believe anything in "The Battle of the Washita," by Stan Hoig, or whatever your source is. Brown's book is highly respected in historical circles.
		One of the most balanced analysis of the attack and the events surrounding it is Stan Hoig's The Battle of the Washita: the Sheridan-Custer Indian campaign of 1867-79.
		For leading the massacre at Washita and for opening the Black Hills to exploitation and theft, Custer certainly was part of the genocide.
	www.bluecorncomics.com /boygenl3.htm (6068 words)

	Fort Tours \| Battle of Soldier Spring
		The noise of the battle had stampeded the Indian horse herd east across the shallow river, but when the artillery shell burst in the camp the Indians departed in great haste, riding the few animals which had been left in the camp.
		The Battle of Soldier Spring was a smaller affair than the attack made by Custer on Black Kettle's village.
		Nevertheless it was so overshadowed by the Battle of the Washita, which occurred three weeks before, that it has become lost in the annals of history, and is mentioned in only one place-Sheridan's memoirs-and there only briefly.
	www.forttours.com /pages/tocsoldsp.asp (2327 words)

	Fort Tours \| Battle of the Washita
		It may well be that his decision on that later field was influenced largely by the favorable outcome of the action of this winter morning on the Washita.
		Many Cheyennes plunged waist deep in the icy waters of the Washita and then from the shelter of the river bank fired at the soldiers.
		The Indians who were not shot down in the village fled east along the Washita, wading the chill waters, or dodging along the bank.
	www.forttours.com /pages/tocwashita.asp (4371 words)

	Indian Wars
		Custer attacked the camp, and the Battle of the Washita got underway.
		Fort Sill was built in 1869 and served as a staging area for the U.S. Army in battles against the Indians.
		After the Battle of the Washita, most Cheyennes and Arapahoes now stayed on their reservations.
	www.educonnect.com /KeyOk/indianwar.htm (1006 words)

	After Washita - 19th Kansas Cavalry - Maryanne Wallace
		On the Staked Plain, following the Battle of the Washita, George A. Custer's greatest victory was a negotiated one.
		For the 7th, the fighting was over for the time, but the battle didn't mark the end of the winter campaign--rather the beginning.
		The situation was remarkably similar to that encountered on the Washita, where Custer had hit only the first of a number of villages.
	www.angelfire.com /ks2/19thkansascavalry/AfterWashita.html (4359 words)

	TravelOK.com: In-depth Articles
		Walk on the Battlefield of the Washita where Black Kettle’s village was attacked by Lt. Col.
		Visit museums depicting Cheyenne life and the events leading up to the Battle of the Washita, or a trading post that has been selling Cheyenne wares for over 100 years where the owner will regale you with stories about the Cheyenne artisans.
		The agent, Col. William Hazen, told the chiefs that they could not move their people to his area because he was not an agent for the Cheyenne and Arapaho.
	www.travelok.com /vacationIdeas/in-depth-detail.asp?row_id=12 (1857 words)

	US Army \| 2nd Infantry Division : Unit Info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		This victory at the Battle of The Washita established the Regiment's reputation as aggressive and determined frontier fighters.
		Despite the outcome of this battle, the engagement distinguished the 7th Cavalry Regiment in continuing to set their pattern of courage and devotion to duty.
		This battle gave the Regiment one of six campaign streamers gained in the courage of the long and bloody Indian wars.
	www-2id.korea.army.mil /units/view.aspx?id=10 (893 words)

	Washita
		Washita has a very definite premise - that Custer's massacre (my term) was an act founded in "genocidal calculation " (my phrase).
		If it were a battle, the preponderance of evidence must show that the attack was a "hostile encounter between opposing military forces," the definition of a battle according to the Random House Webster's College Dictionary (1991).
		In a poem written three years before the Battle of the Washita, Whitman was praising the "square deific," equating the divine "One" with a four-sided entity consisting of Jehovah, Brahma, Saturnius and Time.
	www.dickshovel.com /was.html (11129 words)

	Washita Massacre (1868) / The Descendants' Stories.
		He was probably the last of the chiefs who fought at the Battle of the Washita.
		Matches Woman, who was married to White Fool, 65 years ago in Colorado was wounded at the Battle of the Washita.
		Black Wolf, who died at the age of 80 on her allotment near Clinton was one of the few who escaped the massacre on the Washita River near the town of Cheyenne in Roger Mills County in 1868.
	home.epix.net /~landis/washita.html (1692 words)

	Albert Trorillo Siders Barnitz, Captain, United States Army
		During the Battle of the Washita River Barnitz was wounded.
		The correspondence from the later part of 1868 chronicles the Battle of the Washita River, his injuries, and includes letters from Lieutenant Edward S. Godfrey reporting on Barnitz's condition (Box 3, folders 61-63).
		Myers, was to move down the Washita and attack in the timber from above; Breves Col. Thompson, in command of the third column was to attack from the crest north of the village from the crest overlooking it, on the left bank of the Washita.
	www.arlingtoncemetery.net /atsbarnitz.htm (2999 words)

	George A. Custer and the Battle of the Little Big Horn
		Battle of the Washita, November 27, 1868, with
		However the Sioux defeated General Crook's forces in the Battle of the Rosebud on June 17.
		The man and the battle have attained mythological proportions, in large measure because the white man lost.
	www.hanksville.org /daniel/misc/Custer.html (1587 words)

	The Battle of the Washita: An Indian Agent's View.
		The Battle of the Washita: An Indian Agent's View.
		The Battle of the Washita touched off a wave of acrimony, charges and counter-charges between the adherants of the strong punative policy, lead by the military on one hand, and the "peace policy" advocates on the other.
		The said depredations were undoubtedly committed by a party of Cheyenne Indians, but that same party proceeded with the Sioux Indians north from that point, and up to the time of Black Kettle's death had not returned to the Arkansas River.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~wynkoop/webdocs/bwashita.htm (657 words)

	Topics in Kansas History: War, Essay on Plains Wars
		During the battle, which began on September 17, 1868, Colonel Forsyth was badly wounded and nearly half his company were killed or wounded.
		Delayed by a snow storm, the 19th arrived too late to participate in the Battle of the Washita.
		During the ensuing battle on Sappa Creek, most of the Indians were killed.
	www.kshs.org /research/topics/war/essay_plains.htm (1017 words)

	Compare Prices and Read Reviews on George A. Custer - Wild Life on the Plains and Horrors of Indian Warfare at ...
		His detailed recounting of the so-called battle on the Washita River in Oklahoma is worth reading since it remains one of the few first-hand reports of the battle.
		He has surprisingly little remorse considering the deaths in the battle (perhaps hardened at Gettysburg, where 50,000 Americans were killed or wounded in three days of fighting in 1863), but he does tell with great sadness of the death of his dog, Blucher, who had been impaled by an Indian arrow during the battle.
		During the Washita battle, Custer admits, he was unaware of several more villages which existed within two to 10 miles of the one he had just destroyed --- villages now pouring out thousands of warriors (Cheyennes, Apaches, Comanches, Kiowas and Arrapahoes).
	www.epinions.com /content_137314733700 (2909 words)

	National Park Service - Soldier and Brave (Washita Battlefield NHS) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The battle fought at this site on November 27, 1868, was the major engagement in General Sheridan's winter campaign of 1868-69 against the southern Plains tribes.
		The Battle of the Washita, coupled with another Army victory on Christmas Day by the Fort Bascom, N. Mex., column at Soldier Spring, Okla., demoralized the Indians.
		The battlefield lies in the verdant Washita River Valley, sheltered by surrounding hills.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/soldier/sitea21.htm (565 words)

	Battle of the Washita: Prelude and Aftermath.
		The roots of the massacre at the Washita date back to 1866 at least, (when the 14th Amendment to the Constitution was passed by Congress), and maybe even as far back as the Civil War.
		Thomas Murphy expresses his shock and dismay at the betrayal of his Indian charges at the Battle of the Washita.
		The Indian War: The Battle of the Washita.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~wynkoop/webdocs/washita.htm (2208 words)

	TravelOK.com: Sample Itineraries
		A proud Indian heritage, frontier battle sites, rugged cowboys and dramatic scenery shaped the land that once was Cheyenne Indian Territory.
		Here the Washita National Historic Site interprets the grassy area where the Southern Cheyenne village of Peace Chief Black Kettle was attacked by the US Cavalry under Lt. Col.
		At the Roger Mills County Courthouse in Cheyenne, the Battle of the Washita Sculpture depicts a Cheyenne woman and her child fleeing the soldiers.
	www.travelok.com /travelProf/tours_packages.asp?id=6 (755 words)

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