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Topic: Beedi

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	Beedi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A beedi (from Hindi बीढी, pronounced "bee-dee"; also known as bidi or biri) is a thin, often flavored, Indian cigarette made of tobacco wrapped in a tendu (or temburini; Diospyros melonoxylon roxb.
		Beedies have long been popular among the poor in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Cambodia and India who can not afford regular cigarettes.
		There is much controversy surrounding beedies in the West, as many groups claim their fruity flavors (such as vanilla, strawberry, chocolate, and mango), as well as their cheap price per pack ($1-$3.50 in the U.S.), attract children to smoking.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bidi (409 words)

	Infochange India News Features The beedi-rolling robots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Although beedi rolling has been identified as a 'hazardous occupation' by labour authorities, the health and working conditions of beedi workers has not been in the forefront of public consciousness.
		Beedi rolling is essentially a home-based industry and this too is an important factor that few recognise.
		The politics among the beedi worker's unions, and the focus on economising to the neglect of health and welfare issues, does not portend well for the future of beedi workers.
	www.infochangeindia.org /fetaures6.jsp (1370 words)

	Beedi industry in crisis, hits hard on workers - Deccan Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The beedi industry, which at one time had provided gainful employment to about 4 lakh families mainly from middle and lower and middle strata of society in the region, is facing a serious crisis.
		The crisis persisted as the beedi industries had already found new a pastures to carry on their operations and the beedi workers here are in a lurch.
		Beedi workers organisations have represented to state and central governments to fix uniform minimum wages to beedi workers all over the country so that the migration of the industry was prevented on that count.
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/feb042004/d8.asp (484 words)

	Islamic Voice - Jamadiul-Awwal / Jamadiul-Akhir 1423 H
		Beedi workers are being organised in the small town of Mandya in Karnataka
		A small group of determined workers is set to change the way the beedi workers live and earn their livelihood in the small district town of Mandya, 100 kms.
		The Society organised the 5,000 and odd beedi workers, nearly 90 per cent of them Muslims in the town living scattered in several localities, carrying out their vocation in thatched hovels along the open sewage drains amid all round poverty.
	www.islamicvoice.com /august.2002/develop.htm (1026 words)

	Pure herbal beedies : give up tobacco don't stop smoking!
		Our beedies are dried in coal-fired furnaces to ensure that the product has all of the moisture removed and to develop the true, rich flavour of the tobacco.
		A beedie is wrapped in Khendu leaf, a natural substance which is less toxic.
		A beedie, being smaller and containing less tobacco, is smoked for a shorter period of time; yet still provides the same levels of satisfaction.
	www.beedies.net /eng/whois.htm (500 words)

	The Hindu : Minimum wages for beedi workers sought
		He noted that for the past 10 years, the beedi companies were facing financial difficulties due to the tax benefits extended to multinational mini-cigarette manufacturing companies by the Centre, due to which mini-cigarettes were being sold at the price of beedis.
		He said the beedi companies were facing closure due to the levy of multiple point tax on packaging material such as tendu leaves, which came under agricultural produce and should be exempted from the tax.
		Beedi companies in the State were either closing down or moving elsewhere owing to low labour cost in other States.
	www.hindu.com /2004/01/24/stories/2004012410770300.htm (594 words)

	Beedi playing key role in Karimnagar polls : HindustanTimes.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		One would be puzzled as to why a 'Beedi' is playing a key role in the Lok Sabha by-election to Karimnagar seat, caused by the resignation of the Telangana Rashtra Samiti (TRS) chief and former union minister K Chandrasekhara Rao.
		But the fact is that the beedi smoked by a common man which provides employment to lakh of families in the area is going to play an important role in the by-election.
		Beedi workers in the constituency were a disturbed lot, as they feared that the new legislation would effect their livelihood.
	www.hindustantimes.com /news/181_1850049,0000.htm (398 words)

	Beedi Workers Conference Calls For March to Parliament
		THE All India Beedi Workers Federation (CITU) from its Third Triennial Conference held at Farakka, West Bengal from January 26 to 28, 2001, gave a call for March to Parliament programme by Beedi workers in pursuance of their demands.
		Since women workers constituted the overwhelming majority of the beedi workers in the country one of the special features of the conference was a thorough going discussion on taking up the specific demands of the women workers, their involvement and mobilisation in movement and union activities and bringing them up in leadership positions.
		There was a consensus that since women constituted the vast majority of the Beedi workers in the coutnry, this fact should be reflected in future in all committees, movements and the conference of the federation.
	pd.cpim.org /2001/feb25/feb25_beedi.htm (1142 words)

	Kerala Model of Development - The Story of Kerala Dinesh Beedi - Ananthapuri Message Board (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Beedi workers across India work in filthy, disease-causing conditions, breathing in tobacco fumes, often assisted by child workers who must be paid by the adult workers they help.
		Many roll beedis with infants on their laps, both mother and child smeared with tobacco and breathing in tobacco fumes.
		Many beedi workers accept putting out work in their homes, subjecting the entire family to tobacco fumes and working all hours of the day and night to fill the contractors' demands.
	www.ananthapuri.com /board/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=215&ARCHIVE= (1859 words)

	Beedi workers now roll in poverty - Deccan Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The beedi industry provided gainful employment to about four lakh people in Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts (about seven lakh in the State and according to the government estimates quoted by ILO, there are close to five million workers involved in the rolling of beedies in India).
		The crisis persisted as the beedi industries had already found new pastures to carry on their operations and the beedi workers in Dakshina Kannada district were left in a lurch.
		Beedi Karmikara Hitharakshana Vedike chief convener P Hemavathi says it is imperative for the Union and State governments to implement uniform minimum wages for beedi workers in the country.
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/apr132004/spt1.asp (1199 words)

	newindpress on sunday - News Items
		Beedis, an equally injurious form of smoking, usually consumed by the poor, is spared.
		In India, where beedi smoking and tobacco chewing are common habits, the major effects of tobacco are also seen in the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus, which together account for a large proportion of the tobacco-related cancers here.
		The oldest beedi manufacturing firm was established around 1887 and by 1930, the beedi industry had spread across the country.
	www.newindpress.com /sunday/sundayitems.asp?id=SEJ20061130092622&eTitle=Health&rLink=0 (1242 words)

	outlookindia.com \| wired
		The beedi workers, who form a major chunk of voters in this Telangana heartland, are up in arms against the central government's order making it mandatory for beedi manufacturers to print danger mark of skull and crossed bones as a health warning on each beedi packet.
		Sensing a potential campaign issue in the Beedi workers' unrest, the major parties in the fray are using it as a weapon to attack each other and resorting to competitive display of solidarity with the agitators.
		Fearing a backlash from beedi workers, all political parties demanded the government to withdraw the order and pointed out that no such symbolic danger signal is printed on cigarette packets because of the strong lobby of cigarette companies.
	www.outlookindia.com /pti_news.asp?id=432436 (956 words)

	Beedi Industry - udupipages.com
		The Mangalore beedies are famous for their smart structures and tasty blend of tobacco dust.
		The beedi leaves are imported on a large scale by the principal factories and other wholesale dealers from Raipur (Madhya Pradesh), Kerala, Shimoga, etc. Tobacco dust is mainly imported from Sangli, Kolhapur, Jaisingapore and Nippani.
		Beedi leaves are cut into rectangular pieces and then rolled with tobacco dust into beedies.
	www.udupipages.com /home/ind/beedi.html (522 words)

	Rediff On The NeT Business News: Kerala court ban on cigarettes ignites industry anger
		While the major beedi manufacturers are planning to move the Supreme Court against the ban, the beedi workers and shop-owners are preparing for a state-wide agitation.
		Various beedi and tobacco workers' unions affiliated to the Centre for Indian Trade Unions are scheduled to meet at Kannur in north Kerala on July 31 to chalk out a plan for the proposed statewide agitation.
		The bulk of the beedi workers in the state are concentrated in the cooperative sector.
	www.rediff.com /business/1999/jul/29keral.htm (825 words)

	Exploitation in the Beedi Industry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The beedi maker lives in a male dominated world, under the control of the contractor.
		Hundreds of beedis pour in and these are stacked in trays.
		At random he picks up two or three beedis and if they are not to the mark the whole lot is rejected.
	www.uohyd.ernet.in /sss/dhistory/beedi/exploitation.html (190 words)

	PIB Press Release
		Ten thousand women beedi workers of Solapur in Maharashtra would be soon proud owners of their own houses.
		The beedi workers along with their families live in small 6’ by 8’ dark shanty shelters with no electricity or water supply.
		This is expected to help the remaining beedi workers at Solapur in having a house as they could not, for various reasons, be proud owners of houses in the present scheme.
	pib.nic.in /release/release.asp?relid=3004 (834 words)

	The Telegraph - Calcutta : Nation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The poor man’s beedi, and the livelihoods of those who make it in countless sweatshops there, is under fire.
		In the heat and dust of the Lok Sabha bypolls here on December 4, a law making it compulsory for beedi packs to feature an illustration of a skull as a way of warning buyers is fast turning into a smouldering campaign issue.
		The BJP-led NDA had piloted the Beedi Act, 2003, before it was passed in Parliament.
	www.telegraphindia.com /1061127/asp/nation/story_7055192.asp (391 words)

	[No title]
		The beedi manufacturers expect beedi rollers to keep a very rapid pace; older children are expected to roll 1,500 to 2,000 beedies each day.
		A final hardship faced by children in the beedi industry is the health hazards caused by the work.
		Beedi is one of the twenty-five industries classified by the Child Labor Act as hazardous.
	www.blythe.org /nytransfer-subs/99lab/Child_Labour_News_Service__2 (2604 words)

	Beedi-Bharath Beedi Works Limited,Mangalore (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		A simple definition would be - it is a mixture of blended tobacco, wrapped in beedi leaves, cut to size, tied up with a thread, roasted in an oven to remove moisture and to give that inimitable flavour that brings indefinable joy to the smokers.
		The manufacturing of beedies initially consists of the garnering of raw materials- tobacco to be procured from certain areas of Nipani in Karnataka and Gujarat, and Beedi leaves from far flung places like Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Orissa.
		The secret of a good beedi lies in the blending of tobacco and it is as such treated as a trade secret.
	www.30beedi.co.in /beedi.html (297 words)

	BEEDI AND CIGAR WORKERS (CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT) ACT 1966 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		THE BEEDI AND CIGAR WORKERS (CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT) ACT, 1966 ACT NO. 32 OF 1966 [30th November, 1966.] An Act to provide for the welfare of the workers in beedi and cigar establishments and to regulate the conditions of their work and for matters connected therewith.
		Washing facilities.- In every industrial premises, where blending or sieving or both of tobacco or warming or beedi in hot ovens is carried on, the employer 483 shall provide such washing facilities for the use of the employees, as may be prescribed.
		Special provisions.- (1) The State Government may permit the wetting or cutting of beedi or tobacco leaves by employees outside the industrial premises on an application made to it by the employer on behalf of such employees.
	www.austlii.edu.au /~andrew/CommonLII/IN-num_act/bacwoea1966451 (2384 words)

	The Hindu : Karnataka / Mangalore News : Beedi workers demand identity cards, minimum wages
		MANGALORE: Beedi workers under the auspices of the South Kanara Beedi Workers' Federation staged a protest outside the office of the Central Excise Commissioner at Attavar here on Tuesday and urged the Centre to fulfil their demands.
		The workers led by J. Balakrishna Shetty and Sukumar, president and secretary, respectively, of the federation submitted a memorandum, addressed to Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, to the Assistant Commissioner of the Department of Central Excise.
		The Udupi Zilla Beedi Workers' Union, affiliated to the Centre of Indian Trade Unions (CITU) staged a dharna outside the taluk office here on Tuesday demanding the fulfilment of its various demands.
	www.hindu.com /2005/11/30/stories/2005113018450300.htm (475 words)

	India
		In the beedi industry, the long hours spent hunched over the basket of tobacco causes growth deformities, and the constant proximity to tobacco dust causes and exacerbates lung diseases; there is a very high rate of tuberculosis in communities dedicated to the manufacture of beedi.
		Beedi rolling is stationary work; the children sit cross-legged on the ground or floor all day, with a large and smoothly-woven shallow basket in their laps.
		Beedi rolling that occurs in a home environment-whether it be the home of the worker or not-is not covered by the two primary labor welfare laws affecting beedi rollers: the Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act of 1986, and the Beedi and Cigar Workers (Conditions of Employment) Act of 1966.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1996/India3.htm (18759 words)

	ILO workshop to address problems of beedi sector
		A CONSENSUS seems to be emerging among the decision-makers and concerned agencies that the beedi industry is on the verge of extinction and something needs to be done about it.
		ILO recognises that beedi manufacturing, which is highly labour-intensive and predominantly unorganised, is one of the largest industries providing employment in the country after agriculture, handloom and the construction sector.
		Inaugurating the workshop, the Union Minister of State for Labour and Employment, Mr Muni Lall, said that the implementation of the Beedi and Cigar Workers (Conditions of Employment) Act of 1966 did not meet the expectations of the law-makers and left the workers vulnerable to exploitation by contractors and middle-men.
	www.thehindubusinessline.com /2001/02/23/stories/032315ps.htm (451 words)

	Infochange India News Features Beedi workers in Chhattisgarh continue to be exploited (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		While the wage for an agricultural labourer is fixed at Rs 52 per day, beedi workers do not receive even this sum because of the informal nature of their work.
		Interestingly, within the unorganised sector, the beedi industry is among the few trades that are regulated by laws such as the Beedi and Cigar Workers Act, 1966, and the Beedi Workers Welfare Fund Act, 1976.
		As the women are engaged in making beedis for at least eight hours a day, their lungs are affected by dust from the tendu leaves.
	www.infochangeindia.org /features110.jsp (1189 words)

	Action Programme on Improvement of Work Opportunities for Women Beedi Workers - India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Beedi rolling is one of the major informal sector activities in India, which employs a large number of women.
		The health and welfare of the beedi workers as well as their families is adversely affected by the inhalation of tobacco dust.
		The programme is being implemented in cooperation with beedi workers' organizations such as trade unions, community groups and NGOs, and involves the Labour Department and the Beedi Workers Welfare Fund authorities.
	www.logos-net.net /ilo/195_base/en/init/ind_16.htm (615 words)

	The Magazine of the ILO: WORLD OF WORK No. 45 - In India, beedi rollers seek new ways of earning a living - ...
		"For the home-based women beedi rollers, the objective is to improve conditions of work and extend basic labour standards, and health and social protection to these women and their families.
		As home-based workers, they are often short-changed by the arbitrary rejection of finished beedis on the grounds of poor quality - sometimes due to contractors providing them with low-grade raw materials to begin with.
		Beedi group spokeswoman Jalaja overcame her shyness to become one of those who took part in a recent visit.
	www.ilo.org /public/english/bureau/inf/magazine/45/beedi.htm (1301 words)

	TED Case Study Template
		Beedi cigarettes, popular among teenagers in the United States, are often hand-rolled by children who were forced into bondage.
		The Beedi cigarette industry is an important example of a growing export commodity that employs child labor.
		Although consumption of Beedi cigarettes is increasing in the US, only 75 milllion beedis were sold in 1998, compared to 435 billion conventional cigarettes sold that same year.
	www.american.edu /TED/india-beede.htm (3102 words)

	Beedi industry in AP is up in smoke : andhra pradesh, beedi industry, politics, voters : IBNLive.com : CNN-IBN
		The fear is that this may reduce space for the brand logo and spell the death knell for the industry which employs nearly two lakh of the total 15 lakh voters in the constituency.
		Such dire warnings by women who constitute more than half the beedi work force has deflected attention from the statehood issue, the main election plank of TRS leader K Chandrashekhara Rao, who is seeking re-election.
		With beedi workers fuming at the prospect of loss of business, all eyes are on the December 4 by-polls when it will be known finally how much political damage or loss a statutory health warning can cause.
	www.ibnlive.com /news/beedi-industry-in-ap-is-up-in-smoke/27096-4.html (336 words)

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