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	Begriffsschrift
		Begriffsschrift is the name of a book on Logic by Gottlob Frege published in 1879.
		The name Begriffsschrift is usually translated as concept writing or concept notation; the full title of the book identifies it as "a Formula Language, modelled on that of Arithmetic, of pure Thought." This little book is arguably the most significant publication in Logic since Aristotle.
		Begriffsschrift is both the name of the book and the calculus defined therein.
	www.ufaqs.com /wiki/en/be/Begriffsschrift.htm (555 words)

	Gottlob Frege
		His revolutionary Begriffsschrift (Concept Script) from 1879 marked the beginning of a new epoch in the history of logic.
		In 1879, he was made associate professor and in 1896 became professor of mathematics.
		Begriffsschrift (Concept Script), eine der arithmetischen nachgebildete Formelsprache des reinen Denkens, Halle a.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/fr/Frege.html (553 words)

	Lecture 6: Frege's Puzzle
		Begriffsschrift gets the “cognitive value” of nonredundant identity statements correct (they are, or can be, informative), it nevertheless fails to be an adequate analysis of the proposition [Frege: thought] expressed by those sentences.
		Begriffsschrift is to note that his analysis of identity statements seems to be in a state of tension wrt his context principle.
		Recall that according to the context principle, the analysis of a proposition is supposed to reflect the inferential potential and/or truth conditions of the proposition.
	www.uwyo.edu /moffett/courses/phil4100/lecture6.html (1459 words)

	Gottlob Frege [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Frege had aimed to use the logical language of the Begriffsschrift to carry out his logicist program of attempting to show that all of the basic truths of arithmetic could be derived from purely logical axioms.
		Frege's first logical system, that of the 1879 Begriffsschrift, had nine axioms (one of which was not independent), one explicit inference rule, and also employed a second and third inference rule implicitly.
		In the Begriffsschrift, Frege had already been able to prove certain results regarding series and sequences, and was able to define the ancestral of a relation.
	www.iep.utm.edu /f/frege.htm (9562 words)

	Gottlob Frege
		Thereafter, he taught at Jena in the department of mathematics, but he did not receive a salary for his first five years of teaching there and was supported by his mother.
		In Frege's first book, Begriffsschrift, he came up with a new way of using characters or symbols to take the place of ordinary language, which was imprecise and ambiguous.
		The Begriffsschrift uses a logical notation that makes it possible to express s entences of larger complexity than Frege's predecessors had used.
	www.csca.us /math/precalc/frege.htm (907 words)

	PHI 320 020 Exam #1
		If Aristotle is the father of categorical logic and Frege published the Begriffsschrift in 1879, then Frege is the father of modern logic.
		If studying logic is beneficial if it is fun, then either Frege is the father of modern logic or Aristotle is not the father of categorical logic.
		Either Frege is the father of modern logic just in case Aristotle is the father of categorical logic or it is not the case that both Frege published the Begriffsschrift in 1879 and studying logic is fun.
	locker.uky.edu /~mbhort2/phi320/PracticeExamch1-3.htm (605 words)

	4. Conceptual Content and Identity
		After all, an intuitive criterion for a language to be a Begriffsschrift--a ``perfect language''--is that it approximates to the highest possible degree the ideal of a one-to-one correspondence between sign and content.
		Or, to formulate the point in our contemporary jargon, the identity sign is needed when the Begriffsschrift is applied to a field of study and thus extended into a theory.
		This is all for the good, since the ``Begriffsschrift'' account, taken as an analysis of natural-language identity statements, is surely mistaken...
	www.hf.uio.no /ifikk/filosofi/njpl/vol4no1/lawv/node4.html (2717 words)

	Frege against logicism
		Begriffsschrift, it will be said, but “classes” and so on are not.
		Begriffsschrift -- we need to re-read what he was about, ‘charitably’, as I have put it; and, providing we do so, we can hold on to what is useful in Frege, to his real logical achievements of insight.
		Begriffsschrift itself which are plain nonsense (but it is not so obvious that anything which is not nonsense can fail to appear in our concept-script, as I suggest in the main text, below).
	www.uea.ac.uk /~j339/Fregeagainstlogicism.htm (9226 words)

	Language as Calculus vs. Language as Universal Medium
		The "algebraic' school represented by Boole, Peirce, and Schröder sought to develop in the spirit of Leibniz's calculus ratiocinator mathematical techniques by means of which different kinds of human reasoning could be mastered.
		In contrast, Frege himself noted, his Begriffsschrift was to be primarily a characteristica universalis in Leibniz's sense, a Formelsprache des reinen Denkens (cf.
		Frege's reply was an address to a learned society, delivered on 27 January 1882 and published in its proceedings, 'Über den Zweck der Begriffsschrift', Sitzungs-berichte der Jenaischen Gesellschaft für Medicin und Naturwissenschaft fur das Jahr 1882 (Jena 1883), pp.
	www.formalontology.it /two-views-language.htm (3486 words)

	Frege biography
		It is not hard to see why his notation has not survived, but we should not allow this in any way to diminish the magnitude of his achievement.
		The publication of the Begriffsschrift was followed in the same year by Frege's promotion, again supported by Abbe, to Extraordinary Professor at Jena but on the whole his remarkable work led to surprisingly little recognition for him.
		He wanted to have a precise way of stating results and of proving them, for he realised the difficulties of using ordinary language which was necessarily imprecise and ambiguous.
	www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk /Biographies/Frege.html (2830 words)

	UCR CHASS: Department of Philosophy
		Frege appears to have held that while names have associated modes of presentation--he calls them "ways of determining the content"--the semantic function of a name is not to introduce its associated mode of presentation into the proposition expressed.
		Frege's Begriffsschrift metalinguistic account of identity sentences works just as well for sense-less, directly referential names as it does for names that have associated modes of presentation.
		What was new in "On Sense and Reference" was the idea that modes of presentation, already available to Frege in the earlier work, might well be seen as propositional constituents, and that this would make for a more natural solution to the puzzle of informative identity statements than had been available.
	www.philosophy.ucr.edu /people/wettstein/frege-russell.html (9590 words)

	3. On the Epistemic Status of the Basic Laws of the Begriffsschrift
		the primitive signs of the Begriffsschrift are presented, and in the second chapter, ``Representation and Derivation of some Judgments of Pure Thought'', the nine basic laws are formulated.
		Evidently, in his early writings, Frege held a traditional view on the notion of self-evidence, since his elucidations of the basic laws of the Begriffsschrift presuppose the principle of contradiction.
		Lukasiewicz 1936, the ``Third Fundamental Law of Conditionality'' can be proved from the first and second laws of conditionality, and is thus not independent.
	www.hf.uio.no /ifikk/filosofi/njpl/vol4no1/lawv/node3.html (755 words)

	Citations: eine der arithmetischen nachgebildete Formelprache des reinen Denkens - Frege (ResearchIndex)
		Begriffsschrift, eine der arithmetischen nachgebildete Formelsprache des reinen Denkens, Halle, Germany, Reprint in: Begriffsschrift und andere Aufs atze, J. Angelelli, editor, Hildesheim.
		Russell considered self application to be the cause of the contradictions, and hence excluded all possibilities of self application in his Theory of Types [13, 16] As paradoxical sentences in Natural Language play a role similar to that of the....
		Frege: Begriffsschrift, eine der arithmetischen nachgebildete Formelsprache des reinen Denkens.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /context/279178/0 (2948 words)

	notes on: Frege's Begriffsschrift
		The Begriffsschrift was Frege's revolution in logic, bringing to an end 2000 years in which Aristotelian logic prevailed and ushering in the age of symbolic or mathematical logic.
		He also introduces functional abstraction in a very general sense, but he does not provide the necessary detail on how substitution is to work, and has not yet come to understand the risks which abstraction poses for consistency or any of the techniques for protecting against that risk.
		There are hints in Begriffsschrift that some kind of constraints are necessary, even though not spelled out in detail, but it seems to me to stretch credibility beyond reasonable bounds to suppose that Frege had in mind adequate measures to ensure the consistency of the Begriffsschrift but failed to communicate them clearly.
	www.rbjones.com /rbjpub/philos/bibliog/frege01.htm (2276 words)

	The 20th Century
		He invented a artificial language (Begriffsschrift) - which makes use of a logical notation that makes it possible to express sentences of larger complexity than Aristotle's logic did.
		In this work, Frege presented a logical system with negation, implication, universal quantification, which in turn are the basis for the truth tables that we use in logic.
		Logicism Frege was the first to fully develop the main thesis of logicism, the idea that mathematics is reducible to logic.
	www.candleinthedark.com /frege.html (856 words)

	Arché TWiki . Main . BegriffsschriftLaTeX
		Note that in the Begriffsschrift, the antecendent is placed below the consequent.
		For reasons of readability it's often desirable to have the terminal nodes of a begriffsschrift diagram aligned along the right margin of the diagram, with the extra space needed taken up by extending the strokes that lead to them.
		Another advantage of typesetting begriffsschrift in this way is that successive diagrams can be ensured to be the same width.
	arche-wiki.st-and.ac.uk /~ahwiki/bin/view/Main/BegriffsschriftLaTeX (724 words)

	Arché - The Grundgesetze Translation Project
		From October 2005 to May 2006, the project is funded by a continuation of the AHRC Research Grant for Arché’s project on The Logical and Metaphysical Foundations of Classical Mathematics, originally scheduled to run from October 2000 to September 2005.
		Grundgesetze was to have been the summit of Frege’s life’s work – a rigorous demonstration within the system of Begriffsschrift how the fundamental laws of the classical pure mathematics of the natural and real numbers could be derived from principles which, in FregeÍs view, were purely logical.
		As is familiar, a letter received from Bertrand Russell shortly before the publication of the second volume made Frege realise that Axiom V of his system, governing identity for value-ranges, led to contradiction.
	www.st-andrews.ac.uk /~arche/pages/projects/Grundgesetze3.html (942 words)

	Logicism I: Frege
		The number n+1 is the Number which belongs to the concept member of the natural number series ending with n.
		In this system, one basic principle is that a concept has a referent (or, as Frege would say, it has an extension) if it is constructed out of other concepts using basic logical principles, and we know those other concepts have a referent.
		I find myself in full accord with you on all main points, especially in your rejection of any psychological element in logic and in the value you attach to a Begriffsschrift for the foundations of mathematics and of formal logic, which, incidentally, can hardly be distinguished.
	www.oswego.edu /~delancey/309_DIR/LLT_LECTURES/5_frege_out.html (1653 words)

	on identity problems and propositional attitudes in Frege and Russell
		If it is a task of philosophy to break the power of words over the human mind, by uncovering illusions that through the use of language often almost unavoidably arise concerning the relation of concepts, by freeing thought from the taint of ordinary linguistic means of expression, then my
		Begriffsschrift, further developed for these purposes, can become a useful tool for philosophers.
		And from this remark, one can glean already this much: whatever the “conceptual content” of a thought is, it most certainly is not to be mistaken with the words used to utter or otherwise communicate that thought.
	www.familycom.org /bonjee/props.htm (7336 words)

	Amazon.ca: Frege's Logic: Books: Danielle Macbeth (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		For many philosophers, modern philosophy begins in 1879 with the publication of Gottlob Frege's Begriffsschrift, in which Frege presents the first truly modern logic in his symbolic language, Begriffsschrift, or concept-script.
		In her reading, Frege's Begriffsschrift emerges as a powerful and deeply illuminating alternative to the quantificational logic it would later inspire.
		The most enlightening examination to date of the developments of Frege's thinking about his logic, this book introduces a new kind of logical language, one that promises surprising insight into a range of issues in metaphysics and epistemology, as well as in the philosophy of logic.
	www.amazon.ca /Freges-Logic-Danielle-Macbeth/dp/0674017072 (470 words)

	Amazon.com: "Frege's Begriffsschrift": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		the Leibnizian terminology., Frege wanted his notation to perform the tasks of both a calculus ratiocinator and a lingua characterica.' Frege's Begriffsschrift was to serve, firstly, as a more logically perspicuous language, one that eliminated wholly the ambiguities and unclarities present in...
		In fact, in order to use Frege's Begriffsschrift to demonstrate that the transition is legitimate, it would also be necessary to use his rules for the use of...
		Frege's Begriffsschrift is introduced as a tool for expressing proofs that can play a particular sort of role: proofs that give us...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Frege's-Begriffsschrift (568 words)

	Amazon.com: "Begriffsschrift of the Grundgesetze": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		See all pages with references to Begriffsschrift of the Grundgesetze.
		The Begriffsschrift of the Grundgesetze was both innovative and powerful.
		Indeed, by the time he had almost completed the second volume in 1902, it must...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Begriffsschrift-of-the-Grundgesetze (481 words)

	Logicism and Anti-Logicism alike are both bankrupt and unnecessary
		We can understand why Frege would have found this proceedure dissatisfying, but I’m suggesting reasons -- and resources from within his own set of ideas -- for him to have actually taken the route (away from apparent defeat at the hands of Russell’s ‘Paradox’) that I am suggesting.
		Begriffsschrift have just as little right to be seen as non-nonsensical as (e.g.) the ‘statement’, “The concept
		Begriffsschrift -- we need to re-read what he was about, ‘charitably’, as I have put it; and then we can hold on to what is useful in Frege, to his real achievements of insight.
	www.uea.ac.uk /~j339/wordlogicism.htm (4149 words)

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