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Topic: Beidou navigation system

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Geostationary orbit

Space program of China

Big Dipper

	Satellite navigation system
		Modern satellite navigation systems require the reception of microwave signals from several satellites, all of which broadcast the satellite's location, and the precise time the signal was transmitted.
		Satellite navigation receivers reduce the error by using combinations of signals from multiple satellites and multiple correlators, and then using techniques such as Kalman filtering to combine the noisy, partial, and constantly changing data into a single estimate for position, time, and velocity.
		The same applies to the use of smart bombs: the operator of a satellite navigation system can effectively degrade the performance of smart bombs being used by other states using its satellite navigation system to that of gravity bombs, or even offset them from their targets in such a way as to render them useless.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/na/Navigation_satellite.html (841 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Satellite navigation system
		For these reasons, a satellite navigation system is an essential asset for any aspiring military power.
		Thus, as satellite navigation becomes an essential service, countries without their own satellite navigation systems effectively become client states of those which supply these services.
		The best known satellite navigation system is the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS).
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/sa/Satellite_navigation_system?title=Beidou_navigation_system (866 words)

	Satellite navigation system : Information and resources about Satellite navigation system : School Work Guru (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Satellite navigation systems use radio time signals transmitted by satellites to enable mobile receivers on the ground to determine their exact location.
		Satellite navigation receivers reduce errors by using combinations of signals from multiple satellites and multiple correlators, and then using techniques such as Kalman filtering to combine the noisy, partial, and constantly changing data into a single estimate for position, time, and velocity.
		The best known satellite navigation system is the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS), and as of 2002 the GPS is the only fully functional satellite navigation system.
	www.schoolworkguru.org /encyclopedia/s/sa/satellite_navigation_system.html (1271 words)

	Satellite navigation system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Satellite navigation using a laptop and a GPS receiver
		For these reasons, a satellite navigation system is an essential asset for any aspiring military power.
		The best known satellite navigation system is the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS), and as of 2005 the GPS is the only fully functional satellite navigation system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Satellite_navigation_system (1417 words)

	Navigation at AllExperts
		Celestial navigation systems are based on observation of the positions of the Sun, Moon and stars relative to the observer and a known location.
		Navigators could determine their latitude by measuring the angular altitude of Polaris any time that it was visible (excepting, of course, in those southern latitudes from where it cannot be observed).
		The LORAN system is based on measuring the phase shift of radio waves sent simultaneously from a master and slave station.
	en.allexperts.com /e/n/na/navigation.htm (2540 words)

	Info and facts on 'Beidou navigation system' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The Beidou navigation system is a project by the People's Republic of China (additional info and facts about People's Republic of China) to develop an independent satellite navigation system (additional info and facts about satellite navigation system).
		China plans to complete the system with a second pair, and Beidou 2A was put into orbit on 24 May 2003.
		This means that the system does not require a large constellation of satellites, but it also limits the coverage to areas on Earth where the satellites are visible.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/be/beidou_navigation_system.htm (137 words)

	Navigation Information - Articles Free (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Celestial navigation systems are based on observation of the positions of the Sun, Moon and stars relative to the observer and a known location.
		Navigators could determine their latitude by measuring the angular altitude of Polaris any time that it was visible (excepting, of course, in those southern latitudes from where it cannot be observed).
		The LORAN system is based on measuring the phase shift of radio waves sent simultaneously from a master and slave station.
	www.articlesfree.com /index.php?title=Navigation (2301 words)

	Satellite navigation system - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		The relatively clear line of sight between the satellites and receivers on the ground, combined with ever-improving electronics, allows satellite navigation systems to measure location to accuracies on the order of a few metres in real time.
		In these ways, satellite navigation can be regarded as a force multiplier.
		The same applies to the use of smart bombs: the operator of a satellite navigation system can effectively degrade the performance of smart bombs being used by other states using its satellite navigation system to that of gravity bombs, or even offset them from their targets in such a way as to render them useless.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Satellite_navigation_system (1355 words)

	Acura Navigation System Tl
		Acura Navigation System Tl Acura Navigation System Tl Global Navigation Satellite System - A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a fully civilian satellite navigation system that provides accuracy and integrity usable for civil navigation.
		Automotive navigation system - An automotive navigation system is a satellite navigation system designed for use in automobiles.
		Beidou navigation system - The Beidou navigation system is a project by the People's Republic of China to develop an independent satellite navigation system.
	gps.vvvvvv3.com /acuranavigationsystemtl.html (147 words)

	Beidou
		Beidou ('Big Dipper') was the satellite component of an independent Chinese satellite navigation and positioning system.
		Beidou began in 1983 with a proposal by Chen Fangyun to develop a Twinsat regional navigation system using two geostationary satellites.
		The launch of this second Beidou completed the prototype two-satellite navigational system which was to provide positional information for highway, railway and marine transportation.
	www.astronautix.com /craft/beidou.htm (495 words)

	Beidou (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Beidou ('Big Dipper') was the satellite component of an independent Chinese satellite navigation and positioning system.
		Beidou began in 1983 with a proposal by Chen Fangyun to develop a Twinsat regional navigation system using two geostationary satellites.
		The launch of this second Beidou completed the prototype two-satellite navigational system which was to provide positional information for highway, railway and marine transportation.
	www.ipc.tosho-u.ac.jp /~fwu/english/gnss/beidou/beidou.htm (377 words)

	Satellite navigation system - ArtPolitic Encyclopedia of Politics : Information Portal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Modern satellite navigation systems require the reception of microwave signals from several satellites, all of which broadcast the satellite's location, and the precise time the signal was transmitted.
		An early predecessor was the ground based Loran system, which used terrestrial longwave radio transmitters instead of satellites.
		The best known satellite navigation system is the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS).
	www.artpolitic.org /infopedia/sa/Satellite_positioning_system.html (917 words)

	G35 Infiniti Navigation System
		Global Navigation Satellite System - A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a fully civilian satellite navigation system that provides accuracy and integrity usable for civil navigation.
		European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System - The European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) is a satellite navigation system under development by the European Space Agency, the European Commission and EUROCONTROL.
		It is intended to supplement the GPS and GLONASS systems by reporting on the reliability and accuracy of the signals.
	gps.vvvvvv3.com /g35infinitinavigationsystem.html (151 words)

	Satellite navigation system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Navigation Satellite System or GNSS comprising 57 satellites (assuming...
		a similar civil air satellite navigation system being developed for the...
		and a GPS receiver In these ways, satellite navigation can be regarded as a force multiplier.
	hallencyclopedia.com /Satellite_navigation_system (1558 words)

	China to build satellite navigation system
		Navigation services open to commercial customers will provide users with positioning accuracy within 10 meters (33 feet), velocity accuracy within 0.2 meters per second and timing accuracy within 50 nanoseconds, the report said.
		It was also not clear how the Chinese system would rival the American global positioning satellite system or the EU's Galileo satellite navigational system which is expected to be built with Chinese participation.
		The system is expected to cover China and parts of neighbouring countries by 2008, before being expanded into a global network of satellites, it said.
	www.chinadaily.com.cn /china/2006-11/03/content_723687.htm (203 words)

	Compass Satellite Navigation Experimental System (BeiDou-1) \| SinoDefence.com
		An independent experimental satellite navigation system was given go-ahead by Chinese leaders in 1993.
		The BeiDou Satellite Navigation Experimental System covers the region between Longitude 70°~140° E and Latitude 5°~55° N. Two satellites are positioned in geosynchronous orbit at 80° E and 140° E. The third (backup) satellite is positioned at 110.5° E. The satellites are capable of communication and horizontal positioning for China’s military within their region.
		The BeiDou reference-frame is the Beijing 1954 Coordinate System, with time referenced to China UTC as determined in Beijing.
	www.sinodefence.com /strategic/spacecraft/beidou1.asp (657 words)

	Golden Red Army
		China Beidou satellite navigation system of five geostationary orbit by the space of 30 satellites and non-geostationary satellite orbit satellites.
		Beidou Navigation System program in 1983, constitute the outstanding support is the small number of space satellites, user terminal equipment is simple, the complexity of all the centers are concentrated in the ground station.
		Test on the basis of the Beidou navigation system, China is implementing the construction of the Beidou satellite navigation system China plans to meet around 2008 users of satellite navigation systems and the surrounding area needs and network and system testing, and gradually expand to the global satellite navigation system.
	www.goldenarmy.org (8173 words)

	IPCS - China & East Asia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		A Long March 3-A rocket carried this Beidou satellite, which is the third in the series of navigational satellite launches.
		The Beidou Navigation System is an all-weather and round-the-clock operating system.
		navigational satellites and developed its own technology, which is now being used for land survey, ship and aircraft navigation.
	www.ipcs.org /China_east_asia_articles2.jsp?action=showView&kValue=1056&keyArticle=1009&issue=1009&status=article&mod=a (757 words)

	Satellite navigation - SAT NAV INFO
		Sat nav systems allow electronic devices to determine their location within a few metres using time signals transmitted along a line of sight by radio from satellites in space.
		The Beidou navigation system is a project by the People's Republic of China in developing a independent satellite navigation system.
		Beidou 1A was launched on 30 October 2000 and Beidou 1B followed on 20 December 2000.
	www.lonympics.co.uk /new/navi.htm (754 words)

	Telecommunication > Navigation System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		These systems broadcast a radio pulse from a known "master" location, followed by repeated pulses from a number of "slave" stations.
		Each distance measurement, regardless of the system being used, places the receiver on a spherical shell at the measured distance from the broadcaster.
		The best known satellite navigation system is the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS), and as of 2002 the GPS is the only fully functional satellite navigation system.
	www.telecommunication.teleactivities.net /satellites/navigation_system.html (1220 words)

	Satellite navigation system Summary
		This system, called Argos, is more complicated: an object on the ground sends a signal to a satellite, which then retransmits the signal to the ground.
		Satellite navigation systems allow small electronic devices to determine their location (Longitude, Latitude, and Altitude) in within a few metres using time signals transmitted along a line of sight by radio from satellites.
		The best known satellite navigation system is the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS), and as of 2006 the GPS is the only fully functional satellite navigation system.
	www.bookrags.com /Satellite_navigation_system (1818 words)

	People's Daily Online -- Great achievements in China aerospace industry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-21)
		Like "Shenzhou V" and "Shenzhou VI", the Beidou system is a major project undertaken by China's aerospace program, reflecting the development and achievements of China's aerospace industry.
		The satellite navigation system is an important part of space infrastructure; it is essentially a navigational radio installed in space.
		To make the Beidou satellite navigation system more compatible and to improve the application of its services, China has expressed a desire to cooperate with other countries to develop the satellite navigation industry.
	english1.people.com.cn /200611/15/text20061115_321753.html (635 words)

	China completes satellite navigation system - PakDef Forums
		The system will play a key econimic role, providing services in fields such as transportation, telecommunications and meteorology and helping in preventing forest fires as well as in police work, it said.
		However, the Beidou navigation system is also expected to have military uses capable of improving the accuracy of Chinese missiles, according to Western military sources.
		China has been seeking to build a satellite navigation system accurate enough to be incorporated into precision munitions, similar to the smart weaponry that has helped the United States to victory in recent wars.
	www.pakdef.info /forum/showthread.php?t=4113 (697 words)

	Space-based positioning, navigation, and timing systems
		The primary system used throughout the world for space-based positioning, navigation, and timing is the Global Positioning System (GPS), a constellation of U.S. Government satellites providing continuous civil service free of direct user charges to an unlimited number of users for peaceful purposes.
		The Galileo satellite navigation program is a joint initiative between the European Union and the European Space Agency to build and operate a 30-satellite constellation that provides similar capabilities to GPS, but as a commercially-operated, for-profit venture, not a public good.
		The Beidou satellite navigation and positioning system are consists of two satellites in geosynchronous orbit.
	www.usembassy-mexico.gov /texts/et050112GPS.html (1781 words)

	SBAS - GPSvision
		Relying on the satellite navigation positioning system drivers can easily reach their destinations according to the prompt of the system and will never lose their ways.
		This is made known by Li Lei, head of the Software Research Institute of CAS and concurrently deputy-director with the application and design and integrated engineering research center of national satellite navigation system at the "Forum on Informationization and Road for New Type of Industrialization" held in Tianjin.
		The Beidou satellite was carried aloft by a Long March 3A rocket launched from the Xichang launch center in Sichuan at 00:34 am on Sunday.
	www.gpsvision.com /content/blogsection/5/52 (534 words)

	China to launch 2 satellites for Compass navigation system_Education—China Economic Net
		China is expected to launch two navigation satellites early next year as part of a plan to build a global navigation positioning network, aerospace insiders say.
		The launch of the two "Beidou" (Compass) satellites, scheduled for the beginning of 2007, is expected to cover China and parts of neighbouring countries by 2008, before being expanded into a global system, the sources confirmed over the weekend.
		To make the country's first-generation navigation system more compatible with other global satellite navigation systems, China is willing to co-operate with other countries, the aerospace sources said.
	en.ce.cn /National/Education/200611/21/t20061121_9525843.shtml (430 words)

	Russia to open its best satnav system to all - 14 November 2006 - New Scientist Space
		A fully open version of GLONASS represents another challenge for Europe's nascent Galileo satellite navigation project: the announcement follows China's decision to allow open access to its Beidou navigation system (see China's satellite navigation plans threaten Galileo).
		Beidou is now likely to provide navigation services inside China and possibly worldwide.
		Although GLONASS is well established, unlike either Galileo or Beidou, it has suffered from a lack of funding since the downfall of the Soviet Union in 1991.
	space.newscientist.com /article.ns?id=dn10569&feedId=space_rss20 (339 words)

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