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Topic: Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program

	China Builds New Observatory To Detect Near-Earth Asteroids
		The Schmidt telescope at Xinglong Station of BAO.
		According to Yang Jiexing, an astronomer who is in charge of the project at the Purple Mountain Observatory in Nanjing, the new observatory is being built in the Tieshanshi State Forest Park in Xuyi County in the eastern Jiangsu Province.
		Here the Schmidt telescope, which is smaller than the telescope that will go in the new observatory, is equipped with a CCD camera to observe minor planets under the Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program (SCAP).
	www.spacedaily.com /news/asteroid-00l.html (367 words)

	Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The BAO Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program or Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program or SCAP is/was a project organized on May 1995 by the Beijing Astronomical Observatory and funded by the Chinese Academy of Science.
		The instrument that SCAP used to detect near-Earth objects was a 60/90 cm Schmidt telescope.
		Equipped with a 2048x2048 CCD camera, this telescope was installed at the BAO Xinglong station in Hebei province, China.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Beijing_Schmidt_CCD_Asteroid_Program (402 words)

	Beijing Olympians - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Beijing Olympians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Beijing Aoshen Olympians (北京奥神) or Beijing Olympians or Beijing Olympian or Beijing Aoshen were a team in the Chinese Basketball Association, based in Beijing.
		Meanwhile, the original Beijing Aoshen team was formed in 1997 as Beijing Aosheng (北京奥胜), and in 1998 won the "B" league championship to win promotion to the CBA.
		On May 17 2004, the Beijing Olympians were suspended from the CBA for a year as punishment for failing to release Sun Yue (孙悦) to the national under-20 team.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Beijing-Olympians.html (562 words)

	[No title]
		The comets and asteroids are left over from their participation in the formation of the solar system, continuing the aggregation of dust and gas from the interstellar medium.
		The general goal of the Spacewatch programs is the discovery of small objects in the solar system for the study of their statistics and dynamical histories.
		It began in the 1980s with a 320 x 520 CCD surveying for gamma-ray bursters, debris in geosynchronous regions, satellites of asteroids, brown dwarfs, the tenth planet, Lou Frank's cometesimals (in vain), and for astrometry of comets and asteroids (Gehrels 1991, 1995).
	spacewatch.lpl.arizona.edu /history_text.html (6555 words)

	Home Fresh : Article 'NEAR Shoemaker' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous - Shoemaker (NEAR Shoemaker), renamed after its launch in honor of Eugene M. Shoemaker, is an unmanned spacecraft designed to study the near-Earth asteroid Eros from close orbit over a period of a year.
		These data will be used to help understand the characteristics of asteroids in general, their relationship to meteorites and comets, and the conditions in the early solar system.
		To accomplish these goals, the spacecraft was equipped with an X-ray/gamma ray spectrometer, a near infrared imaging spectrograph, a multi-spectral camera fitted with a CCD imaging detector, a laser rangefinder, and a magnetometer.
	www.home-fresh.net /DisplayArticle58100.html (738 words)

	SPACE.com -- Bigger Telescopes Seek Killer Asteroids
		NEAR Probe to Zoom in on Asteroid Eros
		An Earth-bound asteroid or comet could still kill us but thanks to powerful telescopes slated for addition to the worldwide detection effort, we may be able to actually see it coming.
		Follow-up observations are needed to track an asteroid over several days or weeks.
	www.space.com /news/japan_spacewatch_000426.html (1581 words)

	Asteroid - All About All findings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Vulcanoids are hypothetical asteroids that may orbit in a dynamically stable zone between 0.08 and 0.21 astronomical units from the Sun, well within the orbit of Mercury.
		Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) are asteroids whose orbit intersects Earth 's orbit and which may therefore pose a collision danger, as well as being most easily accessible for spacecraft from Earth.
		Asteroid occultations are useful for measuring the size and position of asteroids much more precisely than can be done by any other means...
	www.allaboutall.info /search/Asteroid (677 words)

	Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net
		December 12, 1999.html">Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research LINEAR -
		December 8, 1999.html">Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research LINEAR -
		March 28, 2000.html">Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research LINEAR -
	www.mauspfeil.net /List_of_asteroids_(18001-19000).html (1076 words)

	PERMANENT - Asteroids Near Earth - Discovering and Cataloging
		In order for an asteroid to be catalogued, we must determine its orbit, and hence there must be at least three viewings to chart its orbital elements, one viewing within a few days after the initial sighting, and another between about two weeks and a month later.
		Determining asteroid orbits has not been a highly respected desire in the astronomy and astrophysics communities compared to studying pulsating stars, galaxies, nebula, quasars, etc., which are all surrounded by profound theories.
		The Earth's atmosphere is a big problem, because the asteroid usually moves across the sky to the horizon in about a month and it's hard to see near the horizon due to the thickness of the atmosphere and the horizon glow from manmade sources.
	www.permanent.com /a-catalo.htm (4449 words)

	[No title]
		The project (BAO Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program, SCAP) was productive in the first 4 years, with 43860 asteroids observations published in MPC and 2460 new asteroid detections (provisional designations from MPC), including 5 Near-Earth Asteroids (2 of them are PHAs).
		It was the 5th largest asteroid observation projects during the years 1997-1999, followed the four largest professional asteroid projects in the US.
		After a brief summary for the astrometric observations made in BAO, the paper discusses the reasons for such a situation, and suggests that the focus of asteroid observation in BAO should be moved from astrometric to physical observations, including photometry with the Schmidt telescope and spectral observations and multiband photometry with BAO 2.16-m telescope.
	www.astropa.unipa.it /Asteroids2001/Abstracts/Posters/zhu2.doc (219 words)

	Asteroid Named After Noted Mathematician
		The newly named asteroid, bearing IAU's permanent serial number 1998CS2, was discovered in 1998 by skywatchers with the Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program of the National Astronomical Observatories under the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
		Asteroids are by far the only celestial bodies that can be named by their discoverers.
		A newly discovered asteroid will get a permanent international serial number from IAU's Lesser Planets Center only after it is observed for at least four times and its orbit defined.
	www.china.org.cn /english/scitech/111020.htm (291 words)

	People's Daily Online - Asteroid named after Chinese scientist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		An asteroid has been named after Chinese astronomy historian Xi Zezong with the approval of the International Minor Planet Nomenclature Committee (IMPNC), China's National Astronomical Observatories (NAO) announced on Friday.
		Asteroid No. 85472 was discovered on June 9, 1997, by the Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program, according to a gazette of the Minor Planet Center of IMPNC.
		The day the asteroid was discovered was Xi's 70th birthday.
	english.people.com.cn /90001/90781/6242536_txt.html (168 words)

	Telescopes
		The Anglo-Australian Observatory operates the Anglo-Australian and UK Schmidt Telescopes at Siding Spring, Australia, and a laboratory on the same campus as the ATNF in the Sydney Suburb of Epping.
		The Hubble Space Telescope is a cooperative program of the European Space Agency (ESA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to operate a long-lived space-based observatory for the benefit of the international astronomical community.
		ROTSE is an experimental program to search for astrophysical optical transients on time scales of a fraction of a second to a few hours.
	www.cv.nrao.edu /fits/www/yp_telescope.html (12410 words)

	Asteroid Research and Spacewatch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The first asteroid that could come relatively close to Earth was discovered by Witt in Berlin, namely Eros with a perihelion distance of 1.13 AU; von Oppolzer observed its light variations and explained them by rotation of an object of irregular shape.
		In 1944, O. Schmidt postulated the process of planet formation near 2.8 AU by the accumulation of particles and planetesimals, interrupted by Jupiter's perturbations such that the asteroid belt resulted instead; that work has been continued in Moscow by Safronov and others.
		It became clear that asteroids reflect carbonaceous, silicaceous, and even metallic characteristics (spectral types classified as C, S, and M) and several others; about 50 different types have been identified by now.
	spacewatch.lpl.arizona.edu /arsw.html (5957 words)

	[No title]
		The strength-scaling law, which describes the strength of asteroids as a function of their size, was shown to dominate the evolution of the main-belt size distribution--the power law used to describe fragmentation and the initial starting population have a minimal effect on the final population.
		While the evolved population of asteroids in the model is consistent with observations of large asteroids, the resulting population of bodies smaller than 3 km in diameter is insufficient to explain the cratering records observed on Ida and Gaspra by the Galileo spacecraft [2,3].
		Assuming Kuiper Belt objects have a mean density 1/2 that of asteroids and that the mean relative velocity in the Kuiper Belt is 1/3rd that in the main-belt, a 2.6 km Kuiper Belt object delivers the same energy to a target as a 1.0 km object in the main-belt.
	baritone.tn.cornell.edu /ACM/web_abs.html (19982 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/7072 Beijingdaxue
		The asteroid was discovered on February 3, 1996 by the Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program at Xinglong.
		Named for the 100th anniversary of the Peking University (Beijing Daxue), the oldest national university in China.
		Founded in 1898, Peking University distinguishes itself by its rigorous style of study, prominent academic standing and fruitful education chievements.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/7072_Beijingdaxue (100 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program
		The BAO Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program or Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program is/was a project by the Beijing Astrophysical Observatory to discover asteroids.
		For some reason, about half are credited by the Minor Planet Center to "BAO Schmidt" and the other half to "Beijing Schmidt".
		The BAO Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program Home Page
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Beijing_Schmidt_CCD_Asteroid_Program (99 words)

	Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net
		December 7, 1999.html">Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research LINEAR -
		December 11, 1999.html">Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research LINEAR -
		September 30, 2000.html">Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research LINEAR -
	www.mauspfeil.net /List_of_asteroids_(22001-23000).html (902 words)

	Optical Astronomy
		The focal point of our astronomical work is the observation of occultations of stars by the moon, the planets and their satellites, asteroids and also mutual events.
		It will study all aspects of planets: from their formation and development in disks of dust and gas around newly forming stars to the presence and features of those planets orbiting the nearest stars; from the numbers at various sizes, and places to their suitability as an abode for life.
		Terapix is an astronomical data processing center dedicated to very large CCD images and massive data flow provided by the CFHT Megacam camera.
	www.cv.nrao.edu /fits/www/yp_optical.html (11715 words)

	Nov. '04 stack 1, Major News about Minor Objects
		About yesterday's extrasolar news with a Space.com report that ices were "detected at approximately 10 AU from the central star — similar to the orbit of Uranus," he notes that the correct comparison is with Saturn.
		This brought speculation that 2004 TU12 could be an almost extinct comet (a portion of the "asteroid" population is believed to be inactive comet nuclei), or that the tail could be from dust raised by an impact.
		Gianluca Masi tells A/CC that the official record on P/2004 TU12, as published in IAUC 8436 late today (not publicly available), shows that the discovery of the cometary nature was independently reported by first his team and then by Juan Lacruz.
	www.hohmanntransfer.com /mn/0411/stack.htm (4752 words)

	Astronomy Departments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Beijing Astronomical Observatory (BAO) is a comprehensive institute primarily engaged in astrophysics research.
		Today's Observatory program includes numerical simulation of convection, radiation transport, and large-scale dynamics in both the solar and terrestrial atmospheres, plus observational programs to measure the Sun's output of magnetized plasma and radiation over the 11 year sunspot cycle of the Sun.
		The main research programs currently ongoing are: cosmology and physics of galaxies; active galactic nuclei and accretion physics, high energy astrophysics; radio astronomy; molecular clouds and star formation; gas nebulae physics; astrophysical methods.
	fits.cv.nrao.edu /www/yp_dept.html (10323 words)

	Asteroid and Radar Link Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Beijing Astronomical Observatory Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program (SCAP)
		Asteroids and Comets Lightcurves (Raoul Behrend, Observatory of Geneva)
		Asteroids 2001: From Piazzi to the 3rd Millenium (Palermo, Italy), June 11-16, 2001
	echo.jpl.nasa.gov /links.html (141 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		"The Lincoln Laboratories presently has the most successful program by far; it uses a telescope in New Mexico with a new CCD that was developed by them paticularly for fast reading out.
		The program at the Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur is run by Alain Maury.
		The Anglo-Australian Observatory (AAO) had an effective program running, which was discontinued by the Australian government, but it may be revived with NASA support by Steve Larson and Rob McNaught (AAO).
	www2.msstate.edu /~amn4/Results.html (355 words)

	Business Software Review : Article 'Inventor (computer program)' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Inventor (published by Autodesk) is a 3D CAD computer program to design 3d structures.
		Simple example in C Here is a program that deliberately leaks memory.
		This is a list of the sources of asteroid names.
	www.business-software-review.org /DisplayArticle256942.html (133 words)

	[No title]
		ASTEROID AND COMET IMPACT HAZARDS :: NASA Ames
		LINEAR :: Lincoln Labs Near Earth Asteroid Research
		SCAP :: Beijing Astronomical Observatory Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program
	www.lpl.arizona.edu /css/csslinks.html (33 words)

	Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program - TheBestLinks.com - BAO Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program, TheBestLinks.com:Find or ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program - TheBestLinks.com - BAO Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program, TheBestLinks.com:Find or fix a stub, Minor Planet Center, Stub,...
		BAO Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program, Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program...
		The BAO Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program Home Page (http://vega.bac.pku.edu.cn/~zj/scap/scap.html)
	www.thebestlinks.com /BAO_Schmidt_CCD_Asteroid_Program.html (151 words)

	Optical Astronomy Resources
		The main IRAF distribution includes a good selection of programs for general image processing and graphics, plus a large number of programs for the reduction and analysis of optical and IR astronomy data (the "NOAO" packages).
		The IRAF system also includes a complete programming environment for scientific applications, which includes a programmable Command Language scripting facility, the IMFORT Fortran/C programming interface, and the full SPP/VOS programming environment in which the portable IRAF system and all applications are written.
		Other, newly refurbished telescopes are a 0.5-m modified Baker-Nunn satellite tracking camera, now an equatorially mounted Patrol Camera with 3Kx3K FLI CCD camera, and a 0.4-m English Cross-axis mounted equatorial telescope with optimized Newtonian focus and FLI 1024x1024 CCD camera.
	cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr /astroweb/optical.html (9232 words)

	What Happened All Those Years Ago - December (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		John and Cynthia Lennon’s marriage certificate was worth $850 and an autographed program from the world premiere of the Beatles film Help!
		A stage suit worn by John Lennon sold for £2,300, a letter from Paul McCartney to a fan sold for £2,200 and a Perspex sculpture of John & Yoko was bought by singer Kate Bush for £4,200.
		He escaped by helicopter but was recaptured and later executed.
	www.andibradley.com /whatya/dec22.htm (7519 words)

	Astronomy links
		Includes: asteroid collisions, tidal disruption of asteroids, asteroid dynamics, planetary impacts, study of crater chains and doublet craters.
		CCD Astronomy - pictures of galaxies, nebulae, the moon, planets, and comets, showing that it is possible to carry out astrophotography, even when living in light polluted suburbs, if a modern CCD camera is used.
		CCD Imaging Facility - astronomical imaging with a research Ritchie- Chretien telescope and CCD camera.
	www.geocities.com /shepard_d/all.html (4608 words)

	Sports Fresh : Article 'July 31' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		1919 - German national assembly adopts the Weimar constitution (to enter into force August 14) 1930 - The radio mystery program The Shadow airs for the first time.
		1964 - Ranger program: Ranger 7 sends back the first close-up photographs of the moon, with images 1,000 times clearer than anything ever seen from earth-bound telescopes).
		1971 - Apollo program: Apollo 15 astronauts become the first to ride in a lunar rover.
	www.sports-fresh.net /DisplayArticle43227.html (1147 words)

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