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	Across Africa by Rail
		The Benguela Railway, which has made this new Atlantic all-rail route possible, is due to British enterprise and capital, used in co-operation with the Portuguese, and owes its existence to the foresight and perseverance of a Briton, Sir Robert Williams, one of the makers of modern Africa.
		The completion of the Benguela Railway is commemorated by a granite boulder which was brought 800 miles to be placed on the concrete abutment of the bridge on the Angola side of the river.
		Railway, which, was then built as far as the border of the "Hungry Country." The Compagnie du Chemin de Fer du Bas Congo au Katanga (Railway Company from the Lower Congo to the Katanga), which is responsible for the line from Sakania to Bukama, built both these lines.
	mikes.railhistory.railfan.net /r011.html (5624 words)

	Angola TRANSPORTATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		There are three main railway lines, the Luando, Namibe, and Benguela railways, all of which experienced service disruptions as a result of the civil war.
		The Namibe railway, which theoretically runs from Angola's port of Namibe to the provincial capital of Menongue in the south, formerly hauled an average of 6 million tons of iron ore a year from the Kassinga mines.
		The Benguela railway was formerly the main exit route for Zairian and Zambian copper, extending through the country from the port of Benguela to the border with the DROC.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Africa/Angola-TRANSPORTATION.html (450 words)

	Centro Angolano de Altos Estudos Internacionais (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.unc.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		Benguela began to be considered as the most important commercial harbour after Luanda; it was the departure and arrival point of exchange caravans.
		The square of Benguela worked in great scale with the sisal of the surrounding inland regions and the majority of their capitals was lost with the fall of quotation.
		Benguela was the pioneer of journalism in Angola and the cradle of athletes and teams that made history in the Angolan sport.
	www.caaei.org.cob-web.org:8888 /benguela.html (1965 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Africa \| Looking back down the line
		The railway had a powerful influence on the economic development of the central plateau (planalto) area.
		After reaching Benguela, the locomotive would be changed for a more powerful machine to tackle the more challenging route through the Coreteva mountains via the Binga and San Pedro Pass to Cubal, 50 miles inland.
		The Angolan civil war brought a high level of destruction to the line at various points, but a genuine interest in the rehabilitation of the Benguela Railway is emerging that may once again see the rolling stock roll.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/low/africa/4020069.stm (904 words)

	Summit Communication on Angola (part two)
		Benguela is home to Port Lobito which is one of the country’s most active deep-water ports and is open 24 hours a day.
		Benguela is one of the country’s wealthier provinces with an abundance of oil, fishing and farming, while the outlook for developing other industries is more than promising.
		Blocks 31, 32 and 33 are located in waters belonging to the province of Benguela, and in a few years they are expected to produce enough to help make up for the lack of capital.
	www.summitreports.com /angola2/pr_benguela.htm (619 words)

	CFB - Benguela Railway
		Benguela railway is the only railway connection from Central Africa to the Atlantic.
		As part of the National Railway Plan, the complete rehabilitation of the 1301 km long railroad to Moxico County is estimated to cost 150 million dollars and to be concluded in 2012.
		The CFB (Benguelan Railway) manager, Daniel Quipaxe, stated to Angop in December 2002, that the connections between the regions of Benguela and Huambo were expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2003.
	www.cpires.com /angola_comboios_en.html (657 words)

	Winne.com - Report on Angola - Angola's tormented path to petro-diamond led growth
		The economic importance of Benguela's railway and Lobito's harbour stems from the fact that any imported raw material that ensures the development of the neighbouring provinces has to pass by Lobito's harbour.
		So we are sure that with the rehabilitation of Benguela's railway, we will regain the international importancein we used to have within the SADC region.
		The project supports the rehabilitation and modernatization of Lobito and Benguela's terminal and the creation of a new parking point of the trains between Lobito and neighbouring provinces, as well the construction of peripherical line around Lobito and the city of Benguela.
	www.winne.com /angola/vi06.html (1200 words)

	Railways in Angola (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		Under British influence, most of the railways in Angola were built to 3ft 6in (1067mm) gauge, though there was also at least one lengthy railway of 600mm gauge.
		Railways generally ran from the coast inland, with few north to south links, so that a number of isolated networks developed.
		The railways were largely devastated during three decades of civil war at the end of the 20th century.
	www.sinfin.net /railways/world/angola.html (188 words)

	Rail Network description — UNJLC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		Decrease from 5,138 km in 1995 to 4,772 km in 2002.
		The railway transport from Lubumbashi to the Kasai river port of Ilebo transit by barge transport from Ilebo to Kinshasa, and rail transport from Kinshasa to the port of Matadi.
		The railway of the East with KALEMIE pass by the Lake TANGANIKA is connected to the railroad of TANZANIA, thus reaching the seaport of DAR-ES-SALAAM on the Indian Ocean.
	www.unjlc.org /DRC/land/unjlcarticle.2005-10-19.9444158445/view (358 words)

	Angola - MSN Encarta
		The principal line, the Benguela Railway, links mineral-rich Zambia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo’s Katanga province with the Atlantic port of Lobito.
		Because of the war, it was closed to international traffic from 1975 to 1980 and has since operated sporadically on the stretch inland of Benguela.
		The country’s chief ports are the cities of Benguela, Lobito, Luanda, and Namibe, but port traffic collapsed as a result of the war.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761571092_5/Angola.html (357 words)

	afrol News - Angola reconstructs railways for US$ 4 billion
		The railway network of Angola, before the destructions of war, was of importance to the regional network, providing an outlet to the coast from Lusaka (Zambia) via Lubumbashi in southern Congo.
		The railway in the Namibe province is currently not connected to other parts of the national or regional network.
		Benguela Railway officials hope that trains will be able to travel from the port city of Lobito on the Atlantic coast to Bie's capital of Cuito by the end of 2006, according to reports from ANIP.
	www.afrol.com /articles/14973 (536 words)

	Angola - Railroads (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		In the north, the Luanda Railway ran from Luanda to Malanje, with rail spurs to Caxito and Dondo.
		Similarly, traffic on the Namibe Railway has declined because of attacks by UNITA and because of the closure of the Cassinga iron mines, which had provided the line with most of its freight.
		Finally, by 1986 the Luanda Railway was carrying only one-fifth of the level carried in 1973, a consequence of guerrilla attacks and the deterioration of the line.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-611.html (331 words)

	Report - Transport routes and the transformation of rural livelihoods
		This was the period of transition from slave trade to 'legitimate' trade, when the now illegal but persistent long-distance trade in slaves and the growing 'legitimate' trade in ivory, beeswax, rubber, and agricultural produce by means of porter caravans brought a series of fierce epidemics to the area.
		It was not the construction of the railway system but the expansion of motorized transport that meant the final blow for the economic autonomy of the local population.
		Gradually, the road network promoted their individual and collective freedom of movement and combined with the railway system is now, at the beginning of the 21st century, a key factor in the reconstruction of the country.
	www.zmo.de /angola/htmls/report_3.htm (948 words)

	ANGOLA: Benguela railway to be rebuilt (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		The 1,600km Benguela railway, much of which was substantially damaged during the recently ended civil war, is to be rebuilt.
		Originally built in the early 1900s with almost entirely British capital, the railway was part of the coast to coast route connecting the coastal city of Benguela with the Mozambican port of Beira via Zambia and Zaire, and was used for the transport of copper and cobalt until the war began in 1975.
		Rail experts are now considering whether to give the reconstruction and running of the railway over to a public private partnership or to keep it as a state-run service.
	www.dailytenders.co.za /General/News/Article/Article.asp?ID=156 (102 words)

	Feature Stories: Angola, Angola, Zambia to reconstruct Benguela railway
		The agreement between Angola and Zambia to reconstruct the life-line Benguela railway is the latest example of practical commitment to regional integration in southern Africa and economic development on the continent.
		The Benguela railway is one of many Southern African Development Community (SADC) projects that have been designed to fit into the development goals set out in the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD).
		Benguela is an essential, cheaper route for Zambian copper exports and machinery imports, which at the moment suffer long and often expensive rail and road routes from South Africa through Zimbabwe or Botswana.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/VBOL-6BFHM3?OpenDocument (546 words)

	africa.iafrica.com \| african_business China to rebuild Angolan railway
		Repairs to a railway line nearly destroyed in Angola's civil war will start at the end of January, reconnecting the east with the west in a $300-million (€250-million) project funded by a Chinese company, the transport ministry said on Monday.
		The 1300-kilometre (800-mile) line which runs from the western coastal city of Benguela to Luau on the eastern border with the Democratic Republic of Congo will be repaired by Chinese International Fund Limited.
		The railway also had a link to the western port city of Lobito, some 700 kilometres (440 miles) south of Luanda.
	africa.iafrica.com /african_business/783146.htm (276 words)

	Winne.com - Report on Angola - Angola's tormented path to petro-diamond led growth
		It was the construction of the Port that provided the conditions for the unloading operations of the materials destined to the construction of the railway (over 1300Km long), crossing the plains and ending at the border of Luau, East of Angola.
		The objective was a subsequent connection to the transafrican railway network shortening the distance between the Atlantic and Indian Ocean.
		The Port area is served by railway lines, with track distance of 1.067m, connected to Benguela Railway Service by two entrances, one of which is through a small sorting station.
	www.winne.com /angola/to16.html (1544 words)

	ANGOLA-TRANSPORT: Reviving a Former Lifeline
		Before Angola's independence from Portugal in 1975, the Benguela railway hauled hundreds of thousands of tonnes of wood, minerals, livestock and other material from the interior of the country, and from Zambia and the former Zaire, to Angola's Atlantic ports of Lobito and Benguela.
		The railway line, stretching the entire width of the country from the Atlantic to the city of Luau on the border of Zaire (now Democratic Republic of Congo), was wrecked.
		The scheme to revive the railway is being headed by an Italian company, Tor di Valli, which plans to do the minimum amount of repairs on the line needed to get freight moving as quickly as possible.
	www.ips.fi /koulut/199749/3.htm (822 words)

	Zambia - MSN Encarta
		In 1993 Zambia had about 1,270 km (789 mi) of Zambia Railways and 891 km (553 mi) of the Tanzania-Zambia Railway (Tazara), which was built to provide the country with an alternative outlet, and connects Lusaka with the port of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania.
		A line from Zimbabwe runs to Maramba, Lusaka, and Ndola, connecting with the railway network of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and then to Benguela on the Atlantic coast of Angola.
		Known as the Benguela Railway, this line was the main route for Zambia’s trade until the outbreak of civil war in Angola in the 1970s.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761578161_5/Zambia.html (384 words)

	China to extend USD2bn credit for Angolan railway
		Daniel Kipaxi, the director of Benguela Railways, told the Catholic newspaper O Apostolado that talks were on between his company, Luanda and Beijing for a two billion dollar credit line from Beijing.
		Traversing 1,300 kilometres (812 miles), the Benguela railway line is the longest in Angola starting from the east and ending at the port of Lobito in the southern Benguela province.
		Two other railway lines in Angola were also destroyed during the civil war.
	www.dailytenders.co.za /General/News/Article/Article~ID~1099.asp (278 words)

	Railways in Zambia
		The next railway development took place in the late 1920s, with the opening of two major railway: one, the Benguela Railway, ran from the copper belt via the Belgian Congo (present day Democratic Republic of Congo) to Angola.
		This prestigious 1850km railway was motivated in part by continued civil unrest in Angola and the Congo, which had resulted in the Benguela Railway being severed at the Zambian frontier.
		The main railway spine through the country today is the Zambia Railways line from Livingstone, via Lusaka, to Kitwe in the north, used by passenger and freight trains.
	www.sinfin.net /railways/world/zambia.html (409 words)

	Southern Africa Railway Association
		SARA undertook an evaluation of the railways in Angola, namely, Luanda Railway in Luanda Province, Benguela Railway in Benguela Province and Mocamedes Railway in Lubango (Huila Province).
		The parties to the consultations, that is, SARA, the government and the three railways, explored modalities for the rehabilitation, modernization and extension of these railways to neighbouring countries, namely DR Congo and Namibia.
		The rehabilitation of the railways, for which SARA has already started lobbying financing, will see the restoration of the Benguela rail route to the South East of the DRC in Katanga Province, where it shall connect with the rest of the SADC railways through Zambia.
	www.sararail.org /site/angola.html (621 words)

	Nick Lera’s World Steam Classics: Cape to Cairo Railway
		The Benguela Railway Inaugural Special leaves with a 9th class loco and is then taken over by an early Garratt.
		On the Sudan Railways there are ex-works Atlantics and a Church Saloon, and finally a ride into Cairo station on the Egyptian Railways.
		Construction of the famous Beyer-Garratt articulated locomotive for South African Railways at the Gorton Foundry of the Beyer, Peacock Co. in Manchester.
	www.nickleravideo.com /catalogue/cape.htm (284 words)

	Reconstructing the breadbasket of Huambo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-23)
		Attempts are also being made to revive the Benguela railway, which took most of the Planalto's agricultural produce like maize, wheat, cotton, coffee, sugar and cattle to markets in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in the north and Zambia in the northeast.
		Huambo grew around the 1,300km railway, which during Portuguese rule ferried minerals from the DRC and landlocked Zambia to the port of Benguela on Angola's west coast.
		Work on the US$300 million Benguela railway project is being done principally by Chinese labour, often to the resentment of unemployed locals, as part of China Eximbank's $3 billion line of credit extended to Angola last year, which is also funding 10,000 new apartments on the outskirts of Huambo.
	www.irinnews.org /print.asp?ReportID=53758 (953 words)

	Benguela - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, Benguela no longer exists since the aliens from planet W, came and destroyed it.
		In the last two years, a reparation programme has been ongoing with the aim of rehabilitating the railway between Benguela and Huambo.
		While the colonial part of the city consists of relatively good quality houses, most of the refugees are living today in slum areas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Benguela (389 words)

	FT.com / World / Asia-Pacific - China on track to win friends in oil-rich Angola
		Passengers ride in or on the roofs of open boxcars on a four-times-daily shuttle between Benguela and Lobito, a coastal city nearby.
		Now the railway is due for an overhaul costing $300m to $500m, financed by a new foreign partner: China.
		Ground is due to be broken on the railway's "expedited rehabilitation" this month, with completion planned for August 2007.
	www.ft.com /cms/s/1ad77908-ab23-11da-8a68-0000779e2340.html (732 words)

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