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	Gems - Spodumene, Iolite, Benitoite Spodumene
		The babe among gem-stones, benitoite first saw the light of day a few years ago, early in 1907.
		It is, however, much softer than sapphire, and is readily distinguished by its optical characters, since it possesses greater double refraction and of differing sign, so that, when tested with the refractometer, the shadow-edge corresponding to the lower index of refraction remains fixed in the case of of benitoite, whereas the contrary happens with sapphire.
		Its blue colour, which is supposed to be due to a small amount of free titanic acid present, appears to be stable.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles19/gems-21.shtml (889 words)

	Colored Stone September/October 2001 - Sources: Blue Bounty
		Benitoite is not a super-hard gemstone - it's 6.5 on the Mohs scale of hardness - but it has a higher refractive index than diamond.
		Benitoite was first discovered - or at least recognized by the conventional mineral community - in 1907, when a cinnabar prospector named James Couch literally stumbled upon what he thought was a miraculous cache of blue diamonds.
		Benitoite is found in a matrix of three other minerals: a hard blue schist, a cement-like rock called crossite, and white natrolite.
	www.tucsonshowguide.com /stories/sep01/benitoite.cfm (2138 words)

	BENITOITE (Barium Titanium Silicate)
		Benitoite is a somewhat obscure, but wonderful gemstone mineral that was only discovered at the beginning of this century.
		Benitoite is associated with a few rare minerals such as fl-red neptunite, snow white natrolite and brown-yellow joaquinite.
		The rare clusters of blue benitoite and fl neptunite on top of a crust of white natrolite produces a truly fantastic and a one of a kind mineral combination that is a must have for a serious mineral collector.
	mineral.galleries.com /minerals/silicate/benitoit/benitoit.htm (330 words)

	Benitoite Mine & Mineral Specimens - Trinity Mineral Company
		Also found are a 0.5 cm crystal of benitoite and several small crystals of neptunite to 3 mm in length.
		specimen of natrolite and crossite with a a mess of benitoite and neptunite crystals.
		The largest benitoite crystal is 0.7 cm across and the average neptunite crystal is right around 0.8 cm in length.
	www.trinityminerals.com /benitoite/min-spec.shtml (1380 words)

	Prez_sez_cutting_benitoite
		The discovery of benitoite was made in 1906 or 1907 when a prospector, James M. Couch, staked claims in the name of R. Dallas.
		Entitled "Benitoite - Its Paragenesis and Mode of Occurrence" (Bulletin of the Department of Geology; University of California), this paper is considered to be a classic treatise of mineralogy.
		In the case of specimen-grade benitoite, part of the natrolite is left in place to better contrast the crystals against the host rock.
	www.attawaygems.com /NMFG/Prez_sez_cutting_benitoite.html (1002 words)

	2.47 ct Velvety Blue Benitoite - Bijoux Extraordinaire
		Benitoite is a rare gem that was first discovered at the headwaters of the San Benito River in 1906.
		Benitoites tend to be found in smaller sizes (usually under one carat) and larger gems are greatly prized by collectors.
		Benitoites of more than 2 carats are rare and gems of this exceptional quality, size and quality are very rare.
	www.jewelryexpert.com /CATALOG/247ct-Benitoite.htm (198 words)

	Benitoite - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Benitoite, whose name derives from its type locality (San Benito County, California) is a blue silicate mineral, found in hydrothermally altered serpentinite.
		Benitoite is a rare mineral, found in very few locations, most prominently in the Dallas Gem Mine in San Benito County, California, but also in Japan and Arkansas.
		Benitoite is the official gem of E Clampus Vitus.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Benitoite (280 words)

	Benitoite Mine & Mineral Specimens - Trinity Mineral Company
		Good specimens of benitoite are in constant demand as new collectors enter the hobby and are exposed to the unique crystal form and striking contrast of both benitoite and neptunite on the same specimen.
		Benitoite from these three locations, all within a 10 km radius of the Benitoite Gem mine is generally very poor in quality but the classic triangular shaped crystals are found at each locality.
		The elements that comprise benitoite are thought to have been mobilized from the host rock and deposited in a late stage cooling of hydrothermal fluids in veins fracturing the wall rock of serpentine.
	www.benitoitemine.com /benitoite/benitoit.shtml (3653 words)

	Benitoite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Benitoite is the only mineral recovered at the mine that does not contain any iron whatsoever.
		Benitoite, named California’s state gem in 1985 is a blue barium titanium silicate.
		That noted, benitoite is seen in a somewhat limited range of colors, from colorless to light blue to deep violetish-blue.
	www.airesjewelers.com /Benitoite.htm (998 words)

	Benitoite, information about the mineral specimen, gem or Crystal
		Benitoite (pronounced "ben-ee-toe-ite") is named after San Benito County, California where it was discovered in 1907.
		Benitoite from San Benito, County is associated with the minerals neptunite, natrolite and joaquinite.
		Benitoite is the first species known to crystallize in the ditrigonal dipyramidal class of the hexagonal crystal system.
	www.minerals-n-more.com /Benitoite_Info.html (438 words)

	Benitoite spectra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Benitoite is a rare, strongly dichroic, blue mineral used as a gemstone.
		While most benitoite is colorless when viewed down the c-axis, there is a very small number (3) of exceedingly rare stones (now cut into gemstones) which are pink in this direction.
		GRR 1846 orange benitoite, 6K; This is a new color variety of benitoite.
	minerals.gps.caltech.edu /FILES/Visible/benitoite/index.htm (250 words)

	Benitoite Colored Gemstone Information sheet ~ PGR Gems
		Benitoite is a rare gemstone that was only discovered at the beginning of this century.
		Benitoite is associated with other rare minerals such as fl-red neptunite, snow white natrolite and brown-yellow joaquinite.
		Benitoites are formed in fractures of a serpentine rock from hydrothermal solutions.
	www.pgrgem.com /color/datasheets/pgrbenito.html (210 words)

	Benitoite: Benitoite mineral information and data.
		Louderback, G.D. Blasdale (1907), Benitoite, a new California gem mineral, with chemical analysis by Walter C. Blasdale, University of California, Department of Geological Science Bull.: 5: 149-153.
		Louderback, G.D. Blasdale (1909), Benitoite, its paragenesis and mode of occurrence, University of California, Departmenty of Geologic Science Bull.: 5: 331-380.
		Barwood, H (1995), Benitoite and Joaquinite in Arkansas, Min.News: 11(5):2, 5.
	www.mindat.org /min-624.html (581 words)

	Trillium Benitoite and Diamond Pendant - Bijoux Extraordinaire
		Benitoite (pronounced beh-NEE-toe-ite) is a rare gem that was first discovered in 1906 along the headwaters of the San Benito River in San Benito County, California.
		Benitoites have often been mistaken for fine blue sapphires and spinels.
		Benitoites tend to be found in smaller sizes with gems larger than one carat being the exception.
	www.jewelryexpert.com /catalog/Trillium-Benitoite-Elegance-Pendant.htm (312 words)

	Benitoite - 8/1/2003 - JCK-Jewelers Circular Keystone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Most benitoite is uncovered in specimens of bi-pyramidal blue crystals in white natrolite.
		Benitoite has been found in nine different localities throughout the world, including Japan, Australia, and Hot Springs, Ark. But San Benito County is acknowledged as the only source of gem-quality benitoite in the world.
		Repair-temperature heat should not be applied to the stone, as some benitoites have changed from blue to orange after being exposed to heat treatments.
	www.jckonline.com /article/CA314577.html (1327 words)

	Professional Jeweler Archive: Bright Light, Benitoite
		The gem benitoite comes in eye-catching shades of cornflower blue, is fully natural and all-American, and is the longtime state gem of California.
		Benitoite is mostly violet-blue to blue, though colorless and extremely rare pink stones have been found.
		Unlike diamond, however, benitoite is doubly refractive, has strong pleochroism and ranks 6 to 6.5 on the Mohs hardness scale.
	www.professionaljeweler.com /archives/articles/2002/sep02/0902gn1.html (507 words)

	Gems in Brief, B-C
		Benitoite is a rare transparent blue mineral found in San Benito County, California, USA and New Zealand.
		Benitoite is a barium titanium silicate in the hexagonal (trigonal) crystal system.
		Benitoite became the state gem of California in 1985.
	www.emporia.edu /earthsci/amber/go340/gb.htm (1499 words)

	Lets_talk_gemstones_benitoite
		The flattened triangular crystals are found in a matrix of crossite (a magnesiun amphibole) and natrolite in veins of altered serpentinites.
		Despite its beauty, benitoite is not often seen in jewelry.
		Since benitoite is an uncommon mineral, a list of some photographic material presented in books available in a good library, may be helpful.
	www.attawaygems.com /NMFG/Lets_talk_gemstones_benitoite.htm (698 words)

	Benitoite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Benitoite has a complex crystal structure and is the only mineral in its space group.
		Benitoite only occurs in a few localities such as 'Minera Numero Uno' near the Gem Mine and also intergrown with barium silicates in the Clear Creek and Big Creek deposits (Fresno Co., California).
		Benitoite is for all practical purposes stable in a normal household environment.
	www.hedegaard.com /Minerals/Species/Benitoite.html (297 words)

	Cold Feet on Benitoite
		Benitoite was about to take off last year.
		A natural, colorless-to-blue gem, benitoite benefits from its rarity, high refractive index and remarkable dispersion.
		Benitoite was discovered in 1906 in California, has a hardness of 6-6.5 on the Mohs scale and eye-visible dispersion.
	www.professionaljeweler.com /archives/articles/1999/jun99/0699gn6.html (314 words)

	Cleaning Benitoite Specimens (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Benitoite samples from the world's only locality producing gem grade examples of this mineral.
		This can be anything from the cut-off bottom of a milk jug or bleach container to some nice expensive tupperware you purchased solely for your benitoite project.
		Thoughts while grinding were: "will I grind into a benitoite crystal?" and "how much asbestos is disseminated in this crossite matrix?".
	members.cox.net /dbcoooper (859 words)

	Benitoite from The Gem Mine, San Benito County, California (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Benitoite is an intensely fluorescent (blue under UV light) barium titanium silicate that obtains its name from the place of its discovery, San Benito County in California.
		The crystals grew in cavities in a glaucophane schist.
		Shown above is a fine thumbnail-sized specimen of benitoite crystals exposed by etching away with acid the encasing white natrolite.
	www.mtlilygems.com /Minerals/M283.html (148 words)

	Astrology & Gemstones, Birthstones: Benitoite Gemstone - Gems shop online
		Benitoite is a rare blue stone named after where it was found, the San Benito River.
		Benitoite is a rare gem that was first discovered in 1906 along the headwaters of the San Benito River in San Benito County, California.
		Samples were sent to the University of California, Berkeley for confirmation/identification and soon, after careful analysis by Dr. George Louderback, it was found to be a new mineral.
	www.findyourfate.com /gemology/gemstones/Benzoite.html (183 words)

	Photo: Plaque about Benitoite. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		Benitoite was discovered on February 22, 1907 by James Marshall Couch while prospecting for quicksilver on a fifty dollar grubstake for shares from R. Dallas and Tom Sanders.
		Benitoite in gem quality occurs nowhere else in the world.
		Benitoite was declared the official California state gem on October 1, 1985.
	www.schweich.com /imagehtml/IMGP2257sm.html (240 words)

	Benitoite Mineral Data
		Benitoite Gem mine, head waters of the San Benito river, 1 mile south of Santa Rita Peak, San Benito County, California, USA Link to MinDat.org Location Data.
		Warning: this large pop-up is very compute intensive and may not work well with some computers.
		Zachariasen W H, Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie, 74 (1930) p.139-146, The crystal structure of benitoite, BaTiSi3O9, Locality: Dallas Gem Mine, San Benito, Ca View Additional jPOWD Structure files for Benitoite
	webmineral.com /data/Benitoite.shtml (229 words)

	benitoitecentral.com, benitoite gem rough, benitoite placer run gem-bearing gravel bags, benitoite and neptunite ...
		I can tell you that mining it can be hard work, and extracting benitoite from matrix can be
		That's OK by me, but to do it all is just too much.
		Our benitoite rough is graded by me to be gem grade, meaning it can be faceted, fancy cut,
	www.benitoitecentral.com /benitoiterough.html (510 words)

	Facet Shoppe Gemstones for Sale: amethyst, ametrine, andalusite, apatite, aquamarine, beryl, benitoite, chrysoberyl.
		R-612-BENI: This Benitoite is a rich blue, clean stone cut in a modified round brilliant by John.
		R-613-BENI: This Benitoite is a medium blue, clean stone cut in a modified round brilliant by John.
		R-614-BENI: This Benitoite is a medium blue, clean stone cut in a modified round brilliant by John.
	www.gemcutter.com /cut01.htm (1780 words)

	SPI Standards for Microanalysis - Minerals - Benitoite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-05)
		This is a reflected light micrograph of a polished, carbon coated benitoite crystal.
		Benitoite is a gem mineral which gives a beautiful blue cathodoluminescence in the electron beam, thus making the spot clearly visible in an optical microscope.
		As a standard for Ba and Ti it is compromised by the proximity of the X-ray lines Ba La and Ti Ka (4.47 and 4.51 keV respectively).
	www.2spi.com /catalog/standards/spiweb/minerals/benitoite.html (242 words)

	Benitoite, Wulfenite, and other Specimens for Sale
		As you all know, the benitoite mine is now closed and its gem bearing areas have been completely exhausted.
		Over the last few years, a fair amount of "mine run" specimens have reached the market--consisting mainly of highly included xtls, often etched and lacking the depth of color present in their predecessors.
		Even by the standards of the older specimens, this one is exceptionally rich, boasting numerous double terminated benitoites to 1.6, and two (2) TRIPLE TERMINATED xtls, the larger being 1.15 cm.
	www.khyberminerals.com /Cylindrite_silver.htm (856 words)

	Rock&Gem Online: The Great Fresnoite Discovery of 1998
		Some beautiful, multicolored fluorescent specimens of heavily included benitoite, albite and calcite could be collected, as well as some very rare, broken/contacted crystals of yellow and, even more rarely, pink fresnoite.
		Benitoite: BaTiSi3O9, Hexagonal: The Junnila property is now the second known occurrence of specimen-quality as well as gem-quality benitoite.
		Blue-schist boudins containing this type of benitoite were only found at night, with the help of a shortwave ultraviolet light.
	www.rockhounds.com /rockgem/articles/fresnoite.html (4127 words)

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