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	Benjamin Banneker - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Benjamin Banneker's mother was Mary Bannakay, whose Caucasian mother, Molly Welsh, was accused of stealing milk and grahams and sent from England to the colonies as punishment.
		Banneker was taught to read and do simple arithmetic by his grandmother and by a Quaker schoolmaster, who changed his name to Banneker.
		In early 1791, Joseph Ellicott's Quaker brother, Andrew Ellicott hired Banneker to assist in a survey of the boundaries of the future 100 square-mile District of Columbia, which was to contain in a portion that was northeast of the Potomac River the federal capital city (the city of Washington).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Benjamin_Banneker (638 words)

	Benjamin Banneker
		Benjamin Banneker (1731-1806), an African American mathematician and amateur astronomer, calculated ephemeredes for almanacs for the years 1792 through 1797 that were widely distributed.
		On Nov. 9, 1731, Benjamin Banneker was born in Baltimore County, Md. He was the son of an African slave named Robert, who had bought his own freedom, and of Mary Banneky, who was the daughter of an Englishwoman and a free African slave.
		Banneker forwarded a manuscript copy of his calculations to Thomas Jefferson, then secretary of state, with a letter rebuking Jefferson for his proslavery views and urging the abolishment of slavery of the African American, which he compared to the enslavement of the American colonies by the British crown.
	www.africawithin.com /bios/ben_banneker.htm (692 words)

	African-Americans: Free African-Americans: Benjamin Banneker: Bio
		Banneker was born a free man in Maryland in 1731 and never had to spend time as a slave.
		Banneker took his study of astronomy seriously and was soon predicting future solar and lunar eclipses.
		In response to Banneker's letter, Jefferson politely stated, "such proofs as you exhibit...talents equal to those of the other colors of men," but he failed to comment on the political issues Banneker addressed in his letter.
	www.jmu.edu /madison/center/main_pages/madison_archives/era/african/free/banneker/bio.htm (480 words)

	Banneker biography
		Benjamin Banneker's father, Robert, had been a slave who had been given his freedom and was a farmer, while his mother was Mary Banneky.
		Benjamin received some education at the Quaker School although once he was old enough to help on his parent's farm then he had to end his formal education.
		The letter from Banneker most certainly does not suggest that at all, rather it suggests quite the reverse, namely that to have achieved what he did with all the difficulties which were in his way, he must have had a mind of quite remarkable stature.
	www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk /Biographies/Banneker.html (901 words)

	Lesson Plan - Benjamin Banneker
		Benjamin worked on a three man team with Ellicot and Pierre L'Efant, the architect in charge of planning Washington D.C. In doing so Benjamin is remembered as the first Black American to receive a presidential appointment.
		Benjamin was able to recreate the plans from memory, saving the U.S. Government the expense of having someone else plan the city.
		Benjamin was never a slave himself but he felt it was wrong for one person to own another.
	teacherlink.ed.usu.edu /tlresources/units/Byrnes-famous/Banneker.html (3099 words)

	Benjamin Banneker
		Benjamin Banneker was born in Baltimore in 1731 the son of slave even though his grandfather had been a member of a royal family in Africa.
		Banneker began to study geometry and the laws of motion by Isaac Newton and he began to make plans to build a larger version of the watch.
		Banneker was able to reproduce totally from memory in two days all of the plans for the capital.
	coestudents.valdosta.edu /irock110/banneker.htm (528 words)

	Benjamin Banneker in TutorGig Encyclopedia
		Benjamin Banneker's mother was Mary Bannakay, whose mother, Molly Welsh, was accused of stealing milk and sent from England to the colonies as punishment.
		Benjamin's father, Robert Bannakay, built a series of dams and watercourses that successfully irrigated the family farm, where Banneker lived most of his life.
		Banneker designed the streets of early America while contemplating the stars and eloquently expressing a vision of social justice and equity to be adhered to in the everyday fabric of American life.
	www.tutorgig.com /ed/Benjamin_Banneker (886 words)

	Benjamin Banneker
		At age 58, Banneker began the study of astronomy and was soon predicting future solar and lunar eclipses.
		In 1791, Banneker was a technical assistant in the calculating and first-ever surveying of the Federal District, which is now Washington, D.C. The "Sable Astronomer" was often pointed to as proof that African Americans were not intellectually inferior to European Americans.
		Banneker died on Sunday, October 9, 1806 at the age of 74.
	www.queertheory.com /histories/b/banneker_benjamin.htm (540 words)

	Black History Month Biography-Benjamin Banneker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Benjamin Banneker was born on November 9, 1731, near Baltimore, Maryland.
		Benjamin Banneker was born on a farm near the Patapsco River.
		Benjamin set out for "The Federal Territory" when he was 59 years old, to survey the land set aside for Washington, D.C. Benjamin traveled with Major Andrew Ellicott (Benjamin was his scientific assistance for the survey) to Alexandria.
	www.newton.mec.edu /bigelow/classroom/yerardi/blackhistory04/02blackhist04al3/02blackhist04al3index.htm (1029 words)

	Benjamin Banneker: America' s First Black Scientist (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Benjamin Banneker taught himself astronomy and advanced mathematics, rescued the design of Washington DC and produced the first striking clock in America.
		Benjamin Banneker, the son of Robert and Mary Bannaky was born in 1731.
		Although Benjamin was somewhat of a genius on the farm there was no school in the valley for him to attend and exercise his knowledge of the world he so wanted to explore.
	www.blink.org.uk /print.asp?key=930 (542 words)

	Benjamin Banneker
		Banneker's English grandmother immigrated to the Baltimore area and married one of her slaves, named Bannaky.
		At the end of 1791, Banneker was publishing his almanac, greatly admired by then-Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson; the almanac was sent to Paris for inclusion at the Academy of Sciences.
		Once the almanac's publication was assured, Banneker, having previously corresponded with Jefferson on the intellectual quality of African-Americans, began a correspondence with him on the subject of the abolition of slavery.
	www.bnl.gov /bera/activities/globe/banneker.htm (970 words)

	Benjamin Banneker
		Benjamin Banneker was born in 1731 just outside of Baltimore, Maryland, the son of a slave.
		Banneker sent a copy of his book to Thomas Jefferson, at that time the Secretary of State and in a twelve page later expressed to Jefferson that Blacks in the United States possessed equal intellectual capacity and mental capabilities as those Whites who were described in the Declaration of Independence.
		Banneker surprised them when he asserted that he could reproduce the plans from memory and in two days did exactly as he had promised.
	www.blackinventor.com /pages/benjaminbanneker.html (628 words)

	Africans in America/Part 2/Benjamin Banneker
		Benjamin Banneker -- author, scientist, mathematician, farmer, astronomer, publisher and urban planner -- was descended from enslaved Africans, an indentured English servant, and free men and women of color.
		In 1788, with tools and books borrowed from Ellicott, Banneker nearly accurately predicted the timing of an eclipse of the sun, discovering later that his minor error was due to a discrepancy in his expert sources rather than a miscalculation on his part.
		In 1792, Banneker published an almanac, based on his own painstakingly calculated ephemeris (table of the position of celestial bodies), that also included commentaries, literature, and fillers that had a political and humanitarian purpose.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/aia/part2/2p84.html (512 words)

	Benjamin Banneker - National Surveyor's Hall of Fame
		Benjamin's father took great care to provide for his child by purchasing land in Benjamin's name when he was only about 5 years old.
		Banneker proved to be a genius: at the age of 21, he was shown a pocket watch - perhaps for the first time - and because of his fascination with it, the owner, Josef Levi, allowed him to disassemble it for study.
		Banneker "the first negro man of science" continued to study the heavens and record his calculations until he died in 1806 at the age of 74.
	www.enetis.net /~surveyor/nshof/banneker.html (517 words)

	Benjamin Banneker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Although Benjamin Banneker only achieved the equivalent of an eight-grade education, he has been praised as a brilliant man, whose ideas and social vision were far ahead of his time.
		He was born in Ellicott, Maryland, the son of a free mother and a slave father who had purchased his own freedom, as well as a farm of 120 acres near Baltimore.
		Benjamin was thus considered free and was able to attend an integrated private school.
	www.onmy.com /haynie/benjamin_banneker.htm (517 words)

	BENJAMIN BANNEKER 1731-1806 - Mathematicians of the African Diaspora
		On Nov. 9, 1731, a son, Benjamin, was born to Robert and Mary Bannaky.
		Banneker taught himself astronomy and advanced mathematics and, in 1773, he began to devote serious attention to both subjects.
		In response to Jefferson, Benjamin Banneker sent a copy of his almanac along with a twelve page twelve page letter to Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson requesting aid in improving the lot of American Blacks.
	www.math.buffalo.edu /mad/special/banneker-benjamin.html (1310 words)

	Explore DC: Benjamin Banneker
		Benjamin Banneker is one of the most interesting figures in the history of early Washington.
		As an adult, he was an accomplished farmer and later combined his knowledge of farming, mathematics, and astronomy to write almanacs to help farmers determine the best times to plant and harvest their crops based on the movement of the sun, moon and stars.
		When Banneker was 60 years old, he was asked by his neighbor, Andrew Ellicott, to help him survey the land for the new federal city, and the two worked together seven days a week for three months.
	www.exploredc.org /index.php?id=22 (230 words)

	Benjamin Banneker
		Benjamin Banneker grew up on the family farm, known as "Bannaky Springs" due to the fresh water springs on the land.
		Banneker became close friends with the Ellicott brothers, who lent him books on astronomy and mathematics as well as instruments for observing the stars.
		Banneker built himself a rough version of an observatory, a "work cabin" with a skylight to study the stars and make calculations.
	www.kidpositive.com /extras/realside/banneker.html (617 words)

	Maryland: Benjamin Banneker Historical Park & Museum (Local Legacies: Celebrating Community Roots - Library of ...
		Dedicated on June 9, 1998, the Benjamin Banneker Historical Park and Museum in Baltimore was the culmination of almost two decades of research, planning, development, construction, and struggle to re-establish the homestead of Benjamin Banneker, the first renowned African-American man of mathematics and science.
		Benjamin Banneker first achieved national acclaim for his scientific work in the 1791 survey of the Federal Territory (now Washington, D.C.).
		The Banneker Historical Park and Museum, established on the very land purchased by Robert and Mary Banneker in 1734, serves as an educational institution to preserve the history of Benjamin Banneker, as well as the cultural and natural history of early American times.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /cocoon/legacies/MD/200003116.html (312 words)

	African American Registry: Mathematician Benjamin Banneker had a vision
		Banneker and his sisters were born free and grew up on a self-sufficient, 100-acre tobacco farm.
		It was not until after his retirement from farming at the age of 59 that Banneker began to study astronomy through borrowed books, becoming a man of science and mathematics through unassisted experimentation and close observation of natural phenomena.
		Benjamin Banneker built a clock out of wood, planned the survey for the establishment of the city Washington, D. C., and published important almanacs, and died in 1806.
	www.aaregistry.com /african_american_history/435/Mathematician_Benjamin_Banneker_had_a_vision (314 words)

	Mathematician and Astronomer Benjamin Banneker Was Born
		Benjamin Banneker saw astronomical patterns from which he could make calculations and predictions.
		A mathematician and astronomer, Benjamin Banneker was born on November 9, 1731, in Ellicott's Mills, Maryland.
		Largely self-taught, Banneker was one of the first African Americans to gain distinction in science.
	www.americaslibrary.gov /cgi-bin/page.cgi/jb/colonial/banneker_1 (116 words)

	Benjamin Banneker - Mathematics and the Liberal Arts
		She notes that there were hints of his genius starting with his building of a wood clock at the age of 22 (he used a borrowed pocket watch as a model; unfortunately, the clock was destroyed in the fire); he thereafter became famous for his ability to solve and create mathematical puzzles.
		Banneker was appointed because he was one of the few in the country capable of doing such work.
		Banneker's work so impressed Thomas Jefferson, then Secretary of State, that he wrote Banneker that he was sending a copy of the almanac to the Paris Academy of Sciences." Most amazing of all is that Banneker accomplished all this as an African American who had spent most of his life thus far hard physical labor.
	math.truman.edu /~thammond/history/BenjaminBanneker.html (595 words)

	Carolina Biological: Great Achievements in Science: Benjamin Banneker
		Benjamin Banneker (1731–1806) was a self-taught mathematician and amateur astronomer of 18th-century America who overcame barriers of race, class, and age to realize a series of remarkable intellectual achievements.
		Banneker was almost 60 when his neighbor and friend George Ellicott loaned him books on astronomy and a telescope.
		Banneker included a letter emphasizing that the almanac was the creation of a free man “of the African race” and seeking Jefferson's sympathy for the plight of his fellow fls.
	www.carolina.com /achievements/banneker.asp?print=yes (623 words)

	Benjamin Banneker
		Banneker taught himself astronomy well enough to correctly predict a solar eclipse in 1789.
		Black Scientists and Inventors - Benjamin Banneker, Thomas Jennings, other exceptional scientists by Ann Marie Imbornoni Madame C.J. Benjamin Banneker - Mathematician, born 9 November 1731, Colonial African-American scientist and surveyor of Washington, D.C. Thomas Jefferson to Benjamin Banneker - Banneker — Jefferson Letters Letter from Benjamin Banneker, andc.
		The Banneker Literary Institute of Philadelphia: African American intellectual activism before the War of the Slaveholders' Rebellion....
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0775682.html (354 words)

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