
	Where results make sense

Topic: Benomyl

In the News (Mon 6 Jul 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	EXTOXNET PIP - BENOMYL
		Benomyl is a systemic, benzimidazole fungicide that is selectively toxic to microorganisms and to invertebrates, especially earthworms.
		Benomyl is readily absorbed into the body by inhaling the dust, but there are no reports of toxic effects to humans by this route of exposure.
		Benomyl residues are quite stable, with 48 to 97% remaining as the parent compound 21 to 23 days after application [6].
	extoxnet.orst.edu /pips/benomyl.htm (1216 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Benomyl; Cancellation Order
		Any distribution, sale, or use of canceled benomyl products is permitted only in accordance with the terms of the existing stocks provisions of this cancellation order.
		Background Benomyl is a benzimidazole carbamate and systemic foliar fungicide which was registered for use on a variety of fruit and vegetable crops.
		Therefore, the distribution or sale of existing stocks by the registrant is not lawful under FIFRA after March 5, 2003 except for the purposes of returns and shipping such stocks for export consistent with the requirements of section 17 of FIFRA, or for proper disposal.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-PEST/2003/March/Day-05/p4777.htm (1303 words)

	N. crassa mutants highly resistant to Benomyl
		Benomyl resistance shown by these mutants is due to single amino acid substitutions in the beta-tubulin polypeptide (Orbach et al.
		The resistant allele in a few mutants highly resistant to benomyl was mapped with respect to markers trp-2, ylo-1 and chol-2 in a cross to the triple mutant strains 4137 and 4138 according to Borck and Braymer (1974 J. Gen. Microbiol.
		All mutations conferring high benomyl resistance were found to map at the Bml (beta-tubulin) locus on linkage group VI (Table 2).
	www.fgsc.net /fgn44/tognol.html (838 words)

	Benomyl (EHC 148, 1993)
		Absorbed benomyl is rapidly metabolized and excreted in the urine and faeces.
		Benomyl was slowly absorbed across an area of skin (16% of the animal), appearing in the blood and urine within 30 min after treatment and reaching a maximum between 2 and 4 h after dosing (Belasco, 1979b).
		Absorbed benomyl and carbendazim are rapidly excreted in the urine and faeces.
	www.inchem.org /documents/ehc/ehc/ehc148.htm (15023 words)

	Benomyl (HSG 81, 1993)
		Benomyl is a systemic and broad spectrum fungicide that is currently registered for use in more than 50 countries on more than 70 crops for the control of diseases in fruit trees, nut crops, vegetables, cereals, tropical crops and ornamentals, turf, and many field crops.
		Benomyl is algicidal and was toxic for aquatic organisms and fish in laboratory studies.
		Benomyl is embryotoxic in rats and mice and has been shown to adversely effect postnatal development at dose levels greater than 15.6 mg/kg in the rat, when administered by gavage.
	www.inchem.org /documents/hsg/hsg/hsg81_e.htm (2525 words)

	Benomyl Fact Sheet
		Benomyl and its main metabolite carbendazim bind to microtubules (an essential structure of all cells) and therefore interfere with cell functions such as cell division and intracellular transportation.
		Benomyl is of such a low acute toxicity to mammals that it has been impossible or impractical to administer doses large enough to establish an LD50.
		Benomyl was the first truly systemic fungicide and originally showed a wide range of activity against pathogens in many different crops(24).
	www.pan-uk.org /pestnews/actives/benomyl.htm (1558 words)

	NTP: ChemIDPlus/HSDB 17804-35-2 Toxicity
		Benomyl (methyl-1-(butylcarbamoyl)-2-benzimidazole carbamate), a benzimidazole derivative fungicide, was tested in the Ames test for point mutations; in human lymphocyte cultures for cell division disturbances, chromosomal aberrations, & sister chromatid exchange; in rat bone marrow cells in vivo for micronuclei; & in rats in vivo for dominant lethals.
		Benomyl was not embryo toxic or teratogenic to rats by dietary admin at levels as high as 5000 ppm (equivalent to approx 373 mg/kg/day).
		The average daily intake of benomyl for males was 1079 mg/kg bw/day initially, 878 mg/kg bw/day for 1 yr, & 679 mg/kg bw/day for 2 yr; for females it was 1442 mg/kg bw/day for 1 yr, & 959 mg/kg bw/day for 2 yr.
	ntp.niehs.nih.gov /index.cfm?objectid=E87E3EF4-BDB5-82F8-F8EFCC8A28EF4351 (5434 words)

	Alfredo Villalta - UF Journal of Undergraduate Research Paper
		Azoxystrobin delayed development of the disease even though fungicides were applied after inoculation and under conditions very favorable to disease development, while chlorothalonil and benomyl varied in their effects relative to the water control treatment.
		Benomyl is not used in Florida turfgrasses, whereas chlorothalonil is primarily used to control turfgrass pathogens other than Pythium spp.
		The fungicides tested were benomyl, chlorothalonil, azoxystrobin and water as the control treatment, and the experiment was repeated twice.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /jur/200208/papers/paper_villalta.html (1712 words)

	Benomyl (PDS)
		Selective toxicity of benomyl is thought to be due to its higher affinity for fungal as compared with mammalian microtubuli.
		In a rat study aimed at evaluating the effects of low levels of benomyl as the pups aged the compound was administered by gavage at dose levels of 0, 15.6, and 31.2 mg/kg per day from day 7 of gestation to day 15 of lactation).
		Benomyl was not mutagenic in Escherichia coli WP2 hcr, or Salmonella typhimurium, nor in mitotic gene conversion studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but was a mitotic spindle poison in Aspergillus nidulans.
	www.intox.org /databank/documents/chemical/benomyl/benomyl.htm (2920 words)

	benomyl (Benlate) NAPIAP Profile on Benomyl 8/92
		-- Benomyl is not acutely toxic to mammals.
		WHO gives benomyl a Class O rating, which means it is unlikely to present an acute hazard in normal use.
		Benomyl and carbendazim residues are strongly retained by soil particles and do not constitute a hazard to water sources; through leaching.
	pmep.cce.cornell.edu /profiles/fung-nemat/aceticacid-etridiazole/benomyl/fung-benomyl.html (905 words)

	CATs - BENOMYL Toxicological Profile
		Benomyl is considered by the U.S. EPA as a, possible human carcinogen, based on studies in which test animals developed lung and liver cancers (USFS 1996).
		EPA believes that the mutagenic potential of benomyl is due to some interference with the cellular apparatus that facilitates movement and separation of chromosomes during cell division (USFS 1996).
		Benomyl is highly persistent in soil, with observations of residues present for up to twelve months.
	www.alternatives2toxics.org /catsoldsite/ben.htm (518 words)

	Benomyl as a rose fungicide?
		DuPont, benomyl's manufacturer, still stands by their product. This, despite the controversy over its use since it was introduced as a fungicide more than 22 years ago and the after-effects began getting reported some ten or so years ago.
		Benomyl is still recommended as a general purpose fungicide even as recently as Sep 97.
		It is also recommended as a fungicide for roses by the American Rose Society in their article "Spraying Roses" (dated Dec. 95) at their website, and is recommended as such in their Consulting Rosarian Manual (dated 1996), the latter of which was one of my reference texts for this article.
	www.suite101.com /discussion.cfm/rose_gardening/2488 (762 words)

	Dupont responsible for birth defects
		The safety level for benomyl could never be reached through accidental exposure to the chemical, spray mist or treated fruit and vegetables.
		Benomyl is a systemic fungicide which is used pre-harvest and post-harvest as a dip or dust to combat a wide range of fungal diseases in arable and vegetable crops.
		The report showed that after two hours, a third of the benomyl was concentrated in the eyes, rising to two-thirds after 24 hours.
	www.ecochem.com /ENN_costillo.html (1386 words)

	Benomyl
		Dogs fed benomyl in their diets for 3 months had no major toxic effects, but did sho evidence of altered liver function at the highest does (150 mg/kg).
		Benomyl is highly to very highly toxic to fish.
		Use : Benomyl is a systemic, benzimidazole fungicide that is selectively toxic to microorganisms and to invertebrates, especially earthworms.
	www.parijatagrochemicals.com /Benomyl.htm (981 words)

	Expression of FLR1 Transporter Requires Phospholipase C and Is Repressed by Mediator -- Romero et al. 281 (9): 5677 -- ...
		Benomyl was subsequently added to 5 µg/ml, and the samples were collected at 0, 1, 3, and 9 h.
		Benomyl was subsequently added to 5 µg/ml, and samples were collected at 0 and 3 h.
		Benomyl induction of FLR1, YOR1, YCF1, PDR5, and SNQ2.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/281/9/5677 (4944 words)

	Critical uses and needs for fungicides
		Benomyl (Benlate 50W) is registered for use in controlling several diseases of apples.
		Benomyl is compatible with oil and may be used at the 2.0 to 3.0 oz rate per 100 gal in combination with superior spray oil at the rate of 2.0 gal per 100 gal, or with oil at the 1.0 qt rate plus mancozeb 75DF 1 lb per 100 gal in a seasonal spray program.
		Generally, those disease-causing fungi that are resistant to benomyl (Benlate) also are resistant to Topsin-M. Thiophanate-methyl is registered for apple scab, powdery mildew, apple fl rot, sooty blotch, and fly speck.
	www.caf.wvu.edu /kearneysville/profile/critfung.htm (3764 words)

	A Benzimidazole Fungicide, Benomyl, and Its Metabolite, Carbendazim, Induce Aromatase Activity in a Human Ovarian ...
		Effect of benomyl on the expression of aromatase mRNA in cultured KGN cells.
		Benomyl is especially known to be toxic to the male reproductive
		Lim J, Miller MG 1997 The role of the benomyl metabolite carbendazim in benomyl-induced testicular toxicity.
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/145/4/1860 (4855 words)

	BENOMYL (Partially Validated Method #PV2107)
		It is possible to analyze for benomyl in organic solvents, but this calls for the addition of BIC at 100D times the level of benomyl encountered to force the equilibrium back to the undecomposed benomyl.
		Note: A benomyl in methanol standard was used for spiking in the extraction, retention, and storage tests because benomyl is more soluble in methanol than acetonitrile.
		If benomyl is found on the backup section, it is added to the amount found on the front section.
	www.osha.gov /dts/sltc/methods/partial/t-pv2107-01-8804-ch/t-pv2107-01-8804-ch.html (1503 words)

	Benomyl stress response : publication related web site
		Growth conditions in the presence of benomyl were strictly identical to those used to follow genome expression.
		Cells were harvested treated with formaldehyde and lysed with glass beads; the extracts were sonicated to produce chromatin fragments of about 500 bp.
		Enrichment ratio were calculated by taking the zero time benomyl addition as a reference.
	www.biologie.ens.fr /lgmgml/publication/benomyl/figure4.php (219 words)

	Effect of Foliar Application of Benomyl on Severity of Septoria Leaf Spot on Pistachio in Southeastern Arizona (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The fungicide, benomyl (Benlate) was foliar applied by a commercial air blast sprayer at the rate of 1.0 lb.
		Benomyl significantly reduced leaf necrosis surrounding nut clusters and the number of leaf spot lesions when compared to control.
		The effect on yield of Septoria leaf spot and the associated premature necrosis and death of leaves adjacent to nut clusters is not known at this point.
	ag.arizona.edu /pubs/crops/az1051/az105113.html (450 words)

	Scientia Agricola - RESISTÊNCIA DE Colletotrichum fragariae E C. acutatum AO BENOMYL NA CULTURA DO MORANGO NO ESTADO ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		RESUMO: O fungicida benomyl, utilizado intensivamente na cultura do morango a partir do final da década de 60, tem sido ineficiente para o controle da flor preta, causada por Colletotrichum acutatum, devido ao aparecimento de formas resistentes ao fungicida, já detectadas desde 1984.
		As concentrações de benomyl testadas foram: 0, 1, 10, 50, 100, 500 e 1000 ppm.
		acutatum testados foram resistentes ao benomyl em até 1000 ppm, conforme mostram as TABELAS 5 e 6, confirmando relatos anteriores de Igarashi (1984) e Fancelli and Kimati (1991).
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90161997000200005 (2334 words)

	Unusual Antimicrotubule Activity of the Antifungal Agent Spongistatin 1 -- Ovechkina et al. 43 (8): 1993 -- ...
		Benomyl (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, Mo.) was dissolved in 95% ethanol at a concentration of 200 µg/ml.
		1 or benomyl and at 30-min intervals for 2 h afterwards.
		Benomyl caused disassembly of all microtubules in more than 99% of germlings by the first time point after addition.
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/43/8/1993 (3543 words)

	Nitric Acid and Benomyl Stimulate Rapid Height Growth of Longleaf Pine
		benomyl) or clay control and planted in scalped rows that had been treated with various levels of nitric acid (0, 4, or 8 percent).
		The benomyl root-dip treatment improved seedling survival, controlled brown spot infection, and promoted growth of outplanted seedlings in the first year.
		The combined use of benomyl and nitric acid resulted in the most rapid height growth.
	www.srs.fs.fed.us /pubs/1789 (512 words)

	The Australian Wine Research Institute › agrochemicals › mrls
		The MRL is for the total residue arising from the use of benomyl, carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl, expressed as carbendazim.
		The residues of benomyl is determined as the sum of benomyl, carbendazim and 2 - aminobenzimidazine and expressed as carbendazim.
		The MRL is for the total residue arising from the use of benomyl or carbendazim, expressed as carbendazim.
	www.awri.com.au /agrochemicals/mrls/search.asp?action=mrl&mrl=benomyl (495 words)

	IngentaConnect Effects of Benomyl and Drought on the Mycorrhizal Development and...
		The effects of drought and the fungicide benomyl on a wild platyopuntia, Opuntia robusta Wendl., growing in a rocky semi-arid environment were assessed.
		During 2000, the formation of new roots and new cladodes was severely suppressed in response to a prolonged drought, impairing the development of the symbiotic relationship between the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and the roots.
		Benomyl was highly effective in suppressing root colonization by AM-fungi; however, daily C assimilation was reduced by benomyl application only in October.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/oup/annbot/2003/00000092/00000002/art00239 (312 words)

	APVMA Media Release - Benomyl
		The national regulator of agricultural and veterinary chemicals, the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA), is to review the registration status of the agricultural fungicide, benomyl.
		APVMA Principal Scientist, Dr David Loschke, said 'The review will focus on worker exposure to the chemical and we will be asking our occupational health and safety and human health experts for advice based on the analysis of detailed scientific information on the chemical and its use'.
		In view of these new standards, the APVMA needs to confirm that there is an adequate margin of safety for workers using the chemical,' Dr Loschke said.
	www.apvma.gov.au /media/mr0307.shtml (327 words)

	Spectrum Laboratories : Chemical Fact Sheet - Cas # 17804352
		Benomyl is used as a protective and eradicant fungicide with systemic activity, effective against a
		Benomyl is used as a protective and eradicant fungicide and is effective againsta wide
		water were able to use benomyl as a sole carbon source but the degradation rate was slow(6).
	www.speclab.com /compound/c1780435.htm (519 words)

	milestone 18 Mad and Bub check it out
		Mutagenized Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells that were grown in the presence of benomyl, an inhibitor of microtubule polymerization, were screened for mutants that failed to arrest in mitosis.
		By careful analysis of nuclear morphology and the DNA content, the authors showed that mad cells die at the end of nuclear division, presumably when they attempt to segregate their chromosomes in the absence of a functional spindle.
		Benomyl slows down microtubule assembly, and the mad mutant phenotype can be rescued if DNA synthesis is slowed down experimentally.
	www.nature.com /celldivision/milestones/full/milestone18.html (728 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)