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Topic: Benzoquinone

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	Patent 4735744: Novel benzoquinone derivatives and production process thereof as well as use as color-developers ...
		The novel benzoquinone derivatives of this invention are compounds represented by the general formula (I).
		The benzoquinone derivatives represented by the general formula (I) can each be obtained by subjecting the corresponding starting compound (II) and an oxidizing agent to a heat treatment in an inert solvent at a temperature ranging from room temperature to the boiling point of the solvent.
		When using the novel benzoquinone derivatives of this invention as color-developing agents, for example, color-developing agents for pressure-sensitive recording paper sheets, their solubility and dissolution velocities in hydrophobic solvents in which their corresponding dyestuff are dissolved affect their color-producing speeds upon recording.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4735744.html (5082 words)

	5
		The cyclic voltammogram for the reduction of benzoquinone at an as-prepared electrode is shown in figure 6.4.
		The observation that the redox behaviour of benzoquinone at the hydrogenated boron doped diamond surface resembles that normally observed only in the presence of a weak acid is surprising.
		It has been demonstrated that benzoquinone can be reduced and oxidised at boron doped diamond electrodes in non-aqueous solvents.
	www.chm.bris.ac.uk /pt/diamond/gustavothesis/chapter6.htm (1751 words)

	World Intellectual Property Organization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The invention also concerns a use of these compounds as medicaments, in particular for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, their use for the creation of pharmaceutical preparations for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, pharmaceutical which contain them, methods for preparing them and intermediates of said methods.
		BACKGROUND ART Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative syndrome generally linked with ageing which leads patients to a progressive deterioration of their cognitive and behavioural functions.
		The compound XIX was obtained as a fuchsia coloured solid from the compound having the formula XI (90 mg ; 0.40 mmol) and 2,5-di-tert-butyl- [1, 4] benzoquinone (40 mg; 0.18 mmol), following the same procedure described in example 8.
	www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=03/87035.031023&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (4927 words)

	Polyphenoloxidase assay
		Catechol is oxidised initially to the orange compound benzoquinone which is then converted to melanins.The conversion to melanin is spontaneous but slow.
		In this technique, the change from a colourless solution of catechol to coloured benzoquinone is followed with a colorimeter.
		A fruit extract is added to a solution of catechol and the rate of formation of coloured benzoquinone is measured.
	www-saps.plantsci.cam.ac.uk /osmoweb/ppo.htm (590 words)

	Homologous Recombination Initiated by Benzene Metabolites: A Potential Role of Oxidative Stress -- Winn 72 (1): 143 -- ...
		or its metabolites phenol, hydroquinone, catechol, or benzoquinone
		Frequency of homologous DNA recombination in CHO 3–6 cells treated with benzene, phenol, hydroquinone, catechol, or benzoquinone (0-, 1-, 10-, 30-, or 100-µM) for 24 h.
		and benzoquinone, all metabolites of benzene, caused a dose-dependent
	toxsci.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/72/1/143 (3687 words)

	Search Results for benzoquinone - Encyclopædia Britannica
		Benzoquinones occur in certain fungi and in roots, berries, or galls (abnormal growths) of higher plants, from which they can be recovered as yellow, orange, red, violet, or darker coloured crystals...
		The quinones include the benzoquinones, naphthoquinones, anthraquinones, and polycyclic quinones.
		colourless, crystalline organic compound formed by chemical reduction of benzoquinone.
	www.britannica.com /search?query=benzoquinone&submit=Find&source=MWTAB (247 words)

	Coenzyme Q10, Linus Pauling Institute's Micronutrient Information Center
		Coenzyme Q is highly soluble in lipids (fats) and is found in virtually all cell membranes, as well as lipoproteins (2).
		The ability of the benzoquinone head group of coenzyme Q to accept and donate electrons is a critical feature in its physiological functions.
		involves three major steps: 1) synthesis of the benzoquinone structure from the amino acids, tyrosine or phenylalanine, 2) synthesis of the isoprene side chain from acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) via the mevalonate pathway, and 3) the joining or condensation of these two structures.
	lpi.oregonstate.edu /infocenter/othernuts/coq10 (4003 words)

	Bioactivation of Diclofenac via Benzoquinone Imine Intermediates---Identification of Urinary Mercapturic Acid ...
		Bioactivation of Diclofenac via Benzoquinone Imine Intermediates---Identification of Urinary Mercapturic Acid Derivatives in Rats and Humans -- Poon et al.
		The metabolism of diclofenac has been reported to produce reactive benzoquinone imine intermediates.
		benzoquinone imine intermediates that react further with glutathione
	dmd.aspetjournals.org /cgi/content/full/29/12/1608 (2697 words)

	Benzoquinone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The chemical structure of Benzoquinone is shown at the right.
		This is a graph of the molar extinction coefficient of Benzoquinone dissolved in hexane.
		Benzoquinone has a molar extinction coefficient of 24,300 M
	omlc.ogi.edu /spectra/PhotochemCAD/html/benzoquinone.html (131 words)

	Projection Experiment: Formation of Quinhydrone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The solutions of benzoquinone and hydroquinone are prepared immediately before the demonstration (the solutions decompose in hours).
		May be fatal if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through skin.
		The redox system hydroquinone / benzoquinone in the molar ratio 1:1 is used in the pH-measurement.
	www.chemie.uni-regensburg.de /Organische_Chemie/Didaktik/Keusch/p15_chinhydr-e.htm (179 words)

	p185[IMAGE] Binds to GRP94 in Vivo -- Chavany et al. 271 (9): 4974 -- Journal of Biological Chemistry
		In the same cells, a biologically active benzoquinone photoaffinity label specifically binds a protein of about 100 kDa, and the ability of various GA derivatives to reduce the intracellular level of p185
		)and geldanamycin (GA) are benzoquinone ansamycins with potent antiproliferative activity that specifically bind to the heat shock protein hsp90(1), with which several tyrosine kinases, as well as other intracellular signal transduction molecules, are complexed(2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9).
		Further studies should better define the role of these chaperones in regulating signal transduction as well as the potential of the benzoquinone ansamycins in the pharmacologic manipulation of this process.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/271/9/4974 (5143 words)

	Spectrum Laboratories : Chemical Fact Sheet - Cas # 106514
		Particulate associated benzoquinone released to the atmosphere may be susceptible to physical
		Based on its log Kow value, benzoquinone is expected to have high mobility in
		AQUATIC FATE: Benzoquinone released to the aquatic environment is not expected to
	www.speclab.com /compound/c106514.htm (495 words)

	The Heat Shock Protein 90 Antagonist Geldanamycin Alters Chaperone Association with p210bcr-abl and v-src Proteins ...
		Benzoquinone ansamycins also bind to and inhibit the activity
		Cells were lysed with TENSV buffer, and protein levels in total lysate were analyzed by Western blotting.
		Benzoquinone ansamycins, particularly herbimycin A, were first described
	cgd.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/11/7/355 (5152 words)

	Electrochemistry of Quinones and Trolox
		We are examining 1,4-dihydoxybenzenes (benzoquinones) and 1,2-dihydroxybenzenes (catechols).
		The 1,4-dihydoxybenzenes include benzoquinone, duroquinone (2,3,5,6-tetramethyl benzoquinone) and coenzyme Q
		A summary of the properties of these compounds is given in Table I. Table I. Potentials of Quinones
	sun.science.wayne.edu /~bio669/Njuslab/quinones.htm (71 words)

	Addition of 3(5)-methylpyrazole to p-benzoquinone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		In the case of pyrazolyl derivatives, the resulting hydroquinones (1,4-dihydroxybenzenes) have been extensively used as ligands in coordination chemistry,
		and some biochemical studies of the reactivity of imidazole towards benzoquinone have been reported.
		With the double purpose of studying the reactivity of p-benzoquinone towards an unsymmetrical pyrazole and to prepare new ligands we report in this paper the reaction between 3(5)-methylpyrazole and p-benzoquinone.
	www.arkat-usa.org /ark/journal/2001/I01_General/132/O-132B.asp (1403 words)

	Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition, Volume A3, Antidiabetic Drugs to Benzoquinone and ...
		Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition, Volume A3, Antidiabetic Drugs to Benzoquinone and Naphthoquinone Dyes, 5th Edition:3527201033:Editor: Hans-J?rgen Arpe (Hoechst AG, FRG):eCampus.com
		Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th Edition, Volume A3, Antidiabetic Drugs to Benzoquinone and Naphthoquinone Dyes, 5th Edition
		For more than eighty years, the name Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry has been synonymous with information of the highest quality.
	www.ecampus.com /bk_detail.asp?isbn=3527201033&referrer=yah04 (266 words)

	Testimonials/Press releases.
		Tömösközi-Farkas R, Hidvégi M, Lásztity R: Investigation of methoxy-substituted benzoquinone derivatives in tree samples grown in Hungary.
		Szende B, Rásó E, Hidvégi M, Tömösközi- Farkas R, Paku S, Prónai L, Bocsi J, Lapis K: A new, substituted benzoquinone containing natural product with antimetastatic effect.
		Hidvégi M, Tömösközi-Farkas R, Prónai L: Chemical characterization of MSC (Avemar) a new substituted benzoquinone containing natural product.
	www.avemar.com.au /Scripts/Testemonials.htm (2951 words)

	Depletion of Cellular Protein Thiols as an Indicator of Arylation in Isolated Trout Hepatocytes Exposed to ...
		The structure of benzoquinone (BQ) and hydroquinone (HQ).
		The rainbow trout is a widely used model in aquatic toxicology.
		Moore, G. A., Rossi, L., Nicotera, P., Orrenius, S., and O'Brien, P. Quinone toxicity in hepatocytes: Studies on mitrochondrial Ca release induced by benzoquinone derivatives.
	toxsci.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/55/2/327 (5086 words)

	Projection Experiment: Reduction of p-Benzoquinone by Disulfite (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		0.2 M aqueous benzoquinone solution (216 mg / 10 mL H
		The solution of benzoquinone is prepared immediately before the demonstration (the solution decomposes in hours).
		5 drops) is added to 1 mL of 0.2 M benzoquinone, until the precipitation of quinhydrone occurs.
	www.uni-regensburg.de /Fakultaeten/nat_Fak_IV/Organische_Chemie/Didaktik/Keusch/p17_red_benz-e.htm (102 words)

	Murata Lab.Kyoto University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		This signature totally replaces the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure characteristic of conventional Gram-negative bacteria.
		In addition, sphingomonads contain an unusual benzoquinone with a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units (ubiquinone Q-10).
		Many are flagellated, and most contain a nostoxanthin carotenoid pigment.
	www.molbiotech.kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp /bunya33e.html (4003 words)

	chemical for tanning hides
		However, it is quite toxic as you can gather from the MSDS.
		Synonyms: 2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione; Quinone; p-Benzoquinone solution; 1,4-benzoquinone Quinone; Benzoquinone; 90%; p-Benzoquinone 98+ % (dried); p-Benzoquinone
		R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
	www.taxidermy.net /forums/TanningArticles/04/d/043AC223C7.html (707 words)

	Protein Adducts of 1,4-Benzoquinone and Benzene Oxide among Smokers and Nonsmokers Exposed to Benzene in China -- ...
		BQ, benzoquinone; CAT, catechol; CV, coefficient of variation;
		McDonald T. A., Waidyanatha S., Rappaport S. Measurement of adducts of benzoquinone with hemoglobin and albumin.
		McDonald T. A., Yeowell-O’Connell K., Rappaport S. Comparison of protein adducts of benzene oxide and benzoquinone in the blood and bone marrow of rats and mice exposed to [
	cebp.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/10/8/831 (4441 words)

	p-Benzoquinone, a Reactive Metabolite of Benzene, Prevents the Processing of Pre-interleukins-1[alpha] and ...
		In a similar manner, HQ, via peroxidase oxidation to p-benzoquinone, was capable of preventing the IL-1ß autocrine stimulation of growth of human B1 myeloid tumor cells by preventing the processing of pre-IL-1ß to mature cytokine.
		Benzoquinone was also shown to completely inhibit the ability of the SH-dependent IL-1ß converting enzyme.
		Thus benzene-induced bone marrow hypocellularity may result from apoptosis of hematopoietic progenitor cells brought about by lack of essential cytokines and deficient IL-1
	ehp.niehs.nih.gov /docs/1996/Suppl-6/kalf.html (5053 words)

	Merriam-Webster Online
		benzoquinone is one of more than 1,000,000 entries available at Merriam-WebsterUnabridged.com.
		For More Information on "benzoquinone" go to Britannica.com
		Get the Top 10 Search Results for "benzoquinone"
	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=benzoquinone (55 words)

	University of Cincinnati, Dept. of Biological Sciences, Publications
		Identification and initial characterizations of free, glycosylated, and phosphorylated ceramides of Paramecium.
		Ubiquinone synthesis by Pneumocystis carinii: incorporation of radiolabeled polyprenyl chain and benzoquinone ring precursors.
		Comments: overview of the 5th International Workshops on Opportunistic Protists and 5th General Meeting of the European Concerted Action on Pneumocystis Research, J.
	www.biology.uc.edu /pubs/Publishing.htm (8322 words)

	Safety (MSDS) data for 1,4-benzoquinone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Synonyms: benzoquinone, p-benzoquinone, cyclohexadienedione, 1,4-cyclohexadienedione, 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione, 1,4-dioxybenzene, quinone.
		Vapour pressure: 0.1 mm Hg at 25 C
		Although we have tried to make it as accurate and useful as possible, we can take no responsibility for its use or misuse.
	physchem.ox.ac.uk /MSDS/BE/1,4-benzoquinone.html (86 words)

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