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Topic: Beothuk

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Beothuk language

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Labrador

	Aboriginal Peoples: The Beothuks: Newfoundland and Labrador Heritage
		While the Beothuks were able to coexist with, and probably to benefit from, a migratory fishery, the beginning of year-round settlement in the 17th century meant the onset of drastic change.
		After the middle of the 18th century, as the growth of English settlement increased, the Beothuk were increasingly denied access to the vital resources of the sea.
		By the beginning of the 19th century, the Beothuks were reduced to a small refugee population living along the Exploits River system and attempting to subsist on the inadequate resources of the interior.
	www.heritage.nf.ca /aboriginal/beothuk.html (750 words)

	TUTUIT Jewellery
		Each wearable art style reflects the proud heritage of the Dorset and Beothuk people of northeastern Canada.
		TUTUIT wearable art is carefully etched historical jewellery from one of the first families of the Algonkian family of tribes.
		Each design is coloured with the traditional "red ochre", used by the Beothuk people.
	www.tutuit.com (86 words)

	Beothuk
		Before the arrival of the Europeans, most Beothuk bands moved seasonally between the coast during summer and interior in the winter, but several groups are known to have remained at coastal villages year-around and sent hunting parties a short distance inland during the colder months.
		The Beothuk are believed to have first occupied the coastal areas of Newfoundland sometime around 200 A.D. and shared the area with the Dorset Eskimo during the next 400 years.
		At the same time the Micmac were blocking the Beothuk access to the southern coast, a string of new British settlements was beginning to extend the eastern coast from St. John's forcing the Beothuk inland in that area.
	www.dickshovel.com /beo.html (2928 words)

	Civilization.ca - The Beothuk Indians of Newfoundland
		Because the Beothuk applied a mixture of red ochre and oil to their skins, clothing, and implements, they were originally called "Red Indians." They were tall and powerfully built, and this, along with their use of red ochre, made for a striking appearance, which was much commented upon by the Europeans.
		In their journey to and from the coast, Beothuk families travelled along rivers and lakes in their birchbark canoes (click here to see the model of a canoe); these were light enough to be carried around waterfalls and other obstacles.
		The Beothuk were known for their skill as canoeists; they travelled back and forth to the many islands in the northeastern bays to catch seabirds and to gather eggs.
	www.civilization.ca /cmc/archeo/oracles/beothuk/50.htm (2554 words)

	The Rooms Provincial Museum
		The Beothuks appear to have spoken a variant of the Algonkian family of languages, and it is possible that the modern language closest to Beothuk is that spoken by the Innu (Naskapi- Montagnais) of Quebec-Labrador.
		Archaeological evidence from the late 17th/early 18th century indicates that the Beothuks also made somewhat more substantial structures, one of which was constructed by digging a shallow depression, erecting a conical wigwam in the middle and piling the excavated earth around the perimeter.
		The tragic story of the Beothuks has attracted a great deal of sensationalist attention, but it is now clear that the extinction of these people was not a simple matter of the killing of Beothuks by brutal settlers and fishermen.
	www.therooms.ca /museum/mnotes1.asp (2086 words)

	Beothuk
		In both the prehistoric and historic periods, the Beothuk dwelt in bark- or skin-covered tents in summer and in semisubterranean houses during the cold months.
		Another notable feature of Beothuk culture was the people's lavish use of powdered hematite, or red ochre, with which they painted their canoes, other artifacts and even their bodies.
		She was one of the last surviving members of the now-extinct Beothuk tribe of Newfoundland (courtesy National Archives of Canada/C-87698).
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0000690 (481 words)

	Beothuks of Newfoundland - Red indians of Newfoundland
		At first the Beothuk were classified either as Eskimauan or as Algonquian, but now, largely through the researches of Gatschet, it is deemed best to regard them as constituting a distinct linguistic stock.
		For a time these dwelt in amity with the Beothuk, but in 1770, quarrels having arisen, a destructive battle was fought between the two peoples at the N. end of Grand Pond.
		The idea that their extermination is attributable to the French and the Micmacs was first enunciated by Cormack on the occasion of his first address to the Beothuk Institution in the late 1820's.
	www2.marianopolis.edu /quebechistory/encyclopedia/Beothuks.htm (1129 words)

	Beothukan Family Indian History
		At first the Beothuk were classified either as Eskimauan or as Algonquian, but now, largely through the researches of Gatschet, it is deemed best to regard them as constituting a distinct linguistic stock.
		For a time these dwelt in amity with the Beothuk, but in 1770, quarrels having arisen, a destructive battle was fought between the two peoples at the north end of Grand Pond.
		Some of the characteristics in which the Beothuk differed from most other Indians were a marked lightness of skin color, the use of trenches in their lodges for sleeping berths, the peculiar form of their canoes, the non domestication of the dog, and the dearth evidence of pottery making.
	www.accessgenealogy.com /native/tribes/beothukanfamilyhist/beothukanhist.htm (653 words)

	The Beothuks - Canadian Confederation
		The Beothuk were the inhabitants of Newfoundland at the time of John Cabot's arrival.
		Ancestors of the Beothuk, among those referred to in the Norse sagas as "skraelings", had intermittent contact with the Vikings in the early years of the eleventh century.
		The last known surviving Beothuk, Shawnadithit, captured in 1824 with the intention of training her as an interpreter, died in 1829 at the approximate age of twenty-three.
	www.collectionscanada.ca /confederation/023001-2957-e.html (354 words)

	Who Were the Beothuk?
		The Beothuk responded with an uprising which killed 37 French fishermen, and to protect themselves, the French began to encourage their Micmac allies to settle permanently in southern Newfoundland.
		While the Beothuks were able to coexist with, and probably to benefit from, a migratory fishery, the beginning of year-round settlement in the 17th century meant the onset of drastic change.
		By the beginning of the 19th century, the Beothuks were reduced to a small refugee population living along the Exploits River system and attempting to subsist on the inadequate resources of the interior.
	www.manataka.org /page266.html (4128 words)

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