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	Berber - MSN Encarta
		Berber languages form a branch of the Afro-Asiatic linguistic family and comprise about 26 closely related languages, including Tachelhit, Central Atlas Tamazight, and Kabyle.
		Berbers constitute about 40 per cent of the population of Morocco, about 30 per cent of the population of Algeria, and about 1 per cent of the population of Tunisia.
		Like the Arabs, the Berbers are Muslims; they are less orthodox, however, and their religious rituals include many elements, some animistic, that derive from ancient pre-Muslim and pagan religions.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761552010/Berber.html (718 words)

	Berber - New World Encyclopedia
		The Berbers are the descendents of the pre-Arab populations of North Africa from the Egyptian frontier to the Atlantic and from the Mediterranean coast to the Niger River.
		According to that myth, the Berbers were the descendants of Ham, the son of Noah, the son of Barbar, the son of Tamalla, the son of Mazigh, the son of Canon… ([Ibn Khaldun]/ The History of Ibn Khaldun - Chapter III).
		Among the Berber languages are Tarifit or Riffi in northern Morocco, Kabyle in Algeria and Tashelhiyt in central Morocco.
	www.newworldencyclopedia.org /entry/Berber (3546 words)

	Berber - MSN Encarta
		Berbers are sparely built and range in skin color from white and near-white to dark brown.
		The Berber language is a branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family and comprises about 300 closely related local dialects.
		Berbers number approximately 22 million, and constitute about 40 percent of the population of Morocco, about 30 percent of the population of Algeria, and about 1 percent of the population of Tunisia.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761552010/Berber.html (759 words)

	Berber
		The Berber language in Tunisia, called Chelha, is currently facing extinction in the remaining few small towns in the southern part of the country (see travel pages on Chenini and Douiret).
		In Egypt, the Berber language is spoken along the coastal zone west of Alexandria, and in the oasis of Siwa.
		In Algeria, Berber identity is strong and proud, and there are centuies-old tensions between the Berbers of the mountains and the Arabs of the larger cities.
	www.i-cias.com /e.o/berber.htm (345 words)

	Berber languages
		The Berber languages are mainly spoken in Morocco and Algeria.
		Among the Berber languages are Rif-Berber[?] or Riffi (Northern Morocco), Kabyl[?] (Algeria) and Tamazight[?], spoken by the Imazighen[?] (lit.
		The Berber languages in the Maghreb[?] have officially been subjected to Arab, as part of government policy and was mainly spoken at home and in villages.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/be/Berber_languages.html (141 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: List of Northern Berber languages
		Among the Berber languages are Tarifit or Riffi (northern Morocco), Kabyle (Algeria) and Tachelhit (central Morocco).
		Tamazight (the Berber language/s) is a member of the Afro-Asiatic language family (formerly called Hamito-Semitic.) Traditional genealogists often considered the Berbers as Arabs that immigrated from Yemen; for this reason, some considered Tamazight to derive from Arabic.
		The Berber languages have two cases of the noun, organized ergatively: one is unmarked, while the other serves for the subject of a transitive verb and the object of a preposition.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/List-of-Northern-Berber-languages (425 words)

	info: Berber_languages (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Berber languages also have two types of states or cases of the noun, organized ergatively: one is unmarked, while the other serves for the subject of a transitive verb and the object of a preposition, among other contexts.
		Berber & Tinifagh - CrystalinksThe Berber languages are spoken in scattered areas throughout northern Africa from Egypt westward to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Niger River northward to the Mediterranean Sea.
		Berber --Â Encyclopaedia BritannicaThe Berber languages are spoken in scattered areas throughout northern Africa from Egypt westward to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Niger River northward to the Mediterranean Sea.
	www.napoli-pizza.net /Berber_languages.html (2594 words)

	Reference for Berber people - Search.com
		Berber groups are first mentioned in writing by the ancient Egyptians during the Predynastic Period, and during the New Kingdom the Egyptians later fought against the Meshwesh and Libu tribes on their western borders.
		The Berbers live mainly in Morocco (30% of the population) and in Algeria (about 8%-15% of the population), as well as Libya and Tunisia, though exact statistics are unavailable[3]; see Berber languages.
		Berbers appear to be largely descended from a group or groups of people who expanded west from an eastern origin, along the southern rim of the Mediterranean sea, beginning perhaps as much as 50 000 years ago.
	www.search.com /reference/Berber_people (3991 words)

	Berber - NativeWiki
		The Berbers live mainly in Morocco (30% of the population) and in Algeria (about 8%-15% of the population), as well as Libya and Tunisia, though exact statistics are unavailable[2]; see Berber languages.
		Their languages, the Berber languages, form a branch of the Afroasiatic linguistic family comprising many closely related varieties, including Tarifit, Kabyle and Tashelhiyt, with a total of roughly 14-25 million speakers.
		Template:Main Berbers are mostly Sunni Muslim belonging to the Maliki sect, while the Mozabites of the northern Sahara are mostly Djerbans, Nafusis, or Sufi.
	www.nativewiki.org /Berber (2917 words)

	Berber & Tinifagh - Crystalinks
		The Berber languages are spoken in scattered areas throughout northern Africa from Egypt westward to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Niger River northward to the Mediterranean Sea.
		Whether the extinct language of the Guanches in the Canary Islands and of the Iberians of Spain belonged to the Berber branch or even to Hamito-Semitic is doubtful.
		Phonology In the phonologies of these languages the vowels a, i, u were lost or reduced to, and a, i, u became a, i, u; w and y may appear both as consonants and as vowels, and the emphatics are represented by d, gh (but in reduplication tt, qq), and z.
	www.crystalinks.com /berber.html (466 words)

	Amazigh, (Berber) the Indigenous Non-Arab Population of North Africa, and Their language.
		The Amazigh or Imazighen (Berber) and the Phoenician Punics
		The Berber language is known as "Berber" to Europeans and as "Shilha" to Arabs, while the Berbers themselves call their language Tamazight (the "gh" in the words Tamazight and Amazigh is pronounced as a sharp "r").
		Berber languages such as Tamazight, Tamasheq and Amazigh, which are spoken by about a million or so people in Morocco, Niger, Mali, Burkina Faso, Algeria and Libya.
	phoenicia.org /berber.html (1989 words)

	Al Jazeera English - Focus - Berber Language Gets An Airing
		Despite this, the Berbers are treated like a minority by members of the dominant Arab culture when it comes to promoting their culture and language.
		Berbers are mostly Muslim, ethnically mixed and spread across the country - from the Rif mountain range in the north to the Atlas mountains, and the desert in the south.
		Berber calls to re-examine Moroccan society have grown louder since controls on political expression were loosened by the ascension of Mohammed VI to the throne in 1999.
	english.aljazeera.net /NR/exeres/A99236D2-6067-479E-9DB3-4A478B033F60.htm (1189 words)

	Berber
		Berber languages form an independent branch of the Afroasiatic superfamily.
		The study of Berber languages was introduced at Leiden University in 1986 by dr. H.J. Stroomer (Department Languages and Cultures of the Islamic Middle East).
		From 1990 onwards subsidies for various projects on Berber languages and literatures were granted by the National Foundation for Scientific Research (NWO), the Faculty of Letters (Leiden University) and the Oosters Instituut, sponsoring the researchers Nico van den Boogert and Maarten Kossmann.
	www.let.leidenuniv.nl /talengids/berber.htm (533 words)

	References for ‘Structural Sketch’ in A Berber Language Homepage
		Sur le verbe berbere signifiant "vivre." In Afrikanistische Studien Diedrich Westermann zum 80.
		Etude sur les dialectes berberes du Rif marocain.
		Les racines berberes triliteres a troisieme radicale alternante.
	www.swarthmore.edu /SocSci/jaldere1/bbiblio2_june01.htm (6764 words)

	Afroasiatic languages. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-07
		According to one theory, the languages of the Afroasiatic family are thought to have first been spoken along the shores of the Red Sea.
		The Berber languages are the mother tongues of some 12 million persons in enclaves throughout many nations of N Africa.
		The Omotic languages were formerly classified with the Cushitic and are spoken by perhaps 3 million people who live in SW Ethiopia in the Omo River region.
	www.bartleby.com /65/af/Afroasia.html (2033 words)

	Berber people
		The appearance and the genetic make-up of Berbers is best examined together with that of their fellow Arabic-speaking inhabitants of North Africa; both share a predominant Berber ancestry of dominant Y chromosome contributions from ancient East Africa and dominant mitochondrial contributions from the Iberian population from western Asia.
		Berbers are predominantly Sunni Muslim, most belonging to the Maliki madhhab, while the Mozabites, Djerbans, and Nafusis of the northern Sahara are Ibadi Muslim.
		The Berbers live mainly in Morocco (between 35%-60% of the population) and in Algeria (about 15%-33% of the population), as well as Libya and Tunisia, though exact statistics are unavailablesee Berber languages.
	articles.gourt.com /en/Berber (4040 words)

	Berber Countryside of Mid Atlas, Morocco - Travel Photos by Galen R Frysinger, Sheboygan, Wisconsin
		The areas of North Africa which retained the Berber language and traditions have, in general, been those least exposed to foreign rule—in particular, the highlands of Kabylie in Algeria and the Chleuh and Riffian peoples in Morocco, most of which even in Roman and Ottoman times remained largely separate and independent.
		The Berbers live mainly in Morocco (30% of the population) and in Algeria (about 8%-15% of the population), as well as Libya and Tunisia, though exact statistics are unavailable.
		Prominent Berber groups include the Kabyles of northern Algeria, who number approximately 4 million and have kept, to a large degree, their original language and culture; and the Chleuh (Francophone plural of Arabic "Shalh" and Tashelhiyt) of south Morocco, numbering about 8 million.
	www.galenfrysinger.com /maroc_berber_countryside.htm (936 words)

	Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Berber - Meta
		This decision was taken by the language subcommittee in accordance with the Language proposal policy.
		This discussion was created before the implementation of the Language proposal policy, and it is incompatible with the policy.
		Central Atlas Tamazight is a Berber language spoken in Morocco by at most 5 million people (probably less).
	meta.wikimedia.org /wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Berber (656 words)

	Berber languages
		The Berber languages (or Tamazight) are a group of closely related languages mainly spoken in Morocco and Algeria.
		The exact population of Berber speakers is hard to ascertain, since most Maghreb countries do not record language data in their censuses.
		Thus, judging by the not necessarily reliable Ethnologue, the total number of speakers of Berber languages in the Maghreb proper appears to lie anywhere between 14 and 20 million, depending on which estimate is accepted; if we take Basset's estimate, it could be as high as 25 million.
	schools-wikipedia.org /wp/b/Berber_languages.htm (1557 words)

	EgyptSearch Forums: The Berber Languages are of European Origin
		The influence of European languages on the Berber languages and the grammar of the Berber languages indicate that the Berbers are probably of European, especially Vandal origin.
		Berber language is African, it is an east African language.
		Languages indigenous to the African continent that belong to the Hamito-Semitic, Niger-Congo, (or Niger-Kordopfanian) Chari-nil (or Nilo-Saharan) and Khoisan language families.
	www.egyptsearch.com /forums/ultimatebb.cgi?ubb=get_topic;f=8;t=003473;p=1 (12775 words)

	The Berbers
		Berbers are identified primarily by language but also by traditional customs and culture - such as the distinctive music and dances.
		Berber is not officially recognised in Morocco, though French (the old colonial language) is. There was some pressure in 1996, when the constitution was being revised, to have Berber recognised.
		Berber is basically a spoken language, though there have been (and still are) attempts to gain acceptance for a written form.
	www.al-bab.com /arab/background/berber.htm (504 words)

	UNHCR - Morocco: Brief history of the Berbers including their origins and geographic location
		The Berbers of Morocco are the descendants of the prehistoric Caspian culture of North Africa.
		Moroccan Berbers are divided into several tribes which speak one of three principle dialects of the Berber language which are: Rifi of the Rif; Tamazight of the Middle Atlas, the central High Atlas and the Sahara; and Tashilhit of the High Atlas and the Anti Atlas.
		Berbers in Morocco perceive their identity to be threatened primarily by marginalization and exclusion from access to education and media exposure in the country.
	www.unhcr.org /home/RSDCOI/3df4be668.html (1930 words)

	AllRefer.com - Berbers (Peoples (except New World)) - Encyclopedia
		The Berbers are Sunni Muslims, and their native languages are Afroasiatic languages, but most literate Berbers also speak Arabic, the language of their religion.
		Berber languages are spoken by about 12 million people, not all of whom are considered ethnic Berbers.
		With the disintegration of these dynasties, the Berbers of the plains were gradually absorbed by the Arabs, while those who lived in inaccessible mountain regions, such as the AurEs, the Kabylia, the Rif, and the Atlas, retained their culture and warlike traditions.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/B/Berbers.html (573 words)

	Berber: Linguistic "Substratum" of North African Arabic
		The term "Berber" is applied to the various languages or dialects spoken by the Berbers, who are found in North Africa from the Canary Islands in the Atlantic to the Western Desert of Egypt, and from the Mediterranean coast south across the Sahara to Mali and Togo.
		Most Berber men today are bilingual, speaking both their own Berber language as well as the official language of their country, usually Arabic or French or both, whereas in many instances Berber women know only Berber.
		Berber is a branch of the Afro-Asiatic (formerly "Hamito-Semitic") family of languages, which includes Semitic (Arabic, Hebrew, Akkadian, etc.), hieroglyphic Egyptian and Coptic, the Cushitic languages of the Nile valley, and the Chadic languages (Hausa).
	www.washington-report.org /backissues/0195/9501031b.htm (380 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Maghreb Arabic
		Normans invaded: Middle English is the name given to an early form of the English language that was in common use from roughly the 12th to the 15th centuries— from after the Norman invasion by William the Conqueror in 1066 to around the introduction of the printing press by William Caxton...
		Literary Arabic, al-luġatu 'l-ʿarabīyatu 'l-fuṣḥā (Literally: the pure Arabic language—اللغة العربية الفصحى) is both the language of present-day media across North Africa and the Middle East (from Morocco to Iraq) and the language of the Qur'an.
		The Arabic language (Ø§ÙÙØºØ© Ø§ÙØ¹Ø±Ø¨ÙØ© al-luÄ¡ah al-Ê¿arabiyyah), or simply Arabic (Ø¹Ø±Ø¨Ù Ê¿arabÄ«), is the largest member of the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (classification: South Central Semitic) and is closely related to Hebrew and Aramaic.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Maghreb-Arabic (1035 words)

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