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Topic: Berberis

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	Berberis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Berberis is a genus of about 450-500 species of deciduous and evergreen shrubs from 1-5 m tall with thorny shoots, native to the temperate and subtropical regions of Europe, Asia, Africa, North America and South America.
		Berberis vulgaris, the European Barberry, is the alternate host species of the wheat rust Puccinia graminis, a serious fungal disease of wheat.
		Berberis buxifolia, the Calafate, and Berberis darwinii, the Michay, are two species found in Patagonia in Argentina and Chile.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Berberis (570 words)

	Plants Belonging to the Genus 'Berberis'
		Berberis bealei synonym of Mahonia bealei (Beale's Barberry)
		Berberis nervosa synonym of Mahonia nervosa (Cascade Barberry, Longleaf Mahonia)
		Berberis nevinii synonym of Mahonia nevinii (Nevin Mahonia)
	www.desert-tropicals.com /Plants/Berberidaceae/Berberis.html (125 words)

	Wholesale Nursery Plant Buyer's Guide. Plant Index: Berberis thunbergii 'Bonanza Gold ' pp#5219 ('Bogozam')To ...
		Berberis thunbergii 'Emerald Pygmy' - Barberry: Emerald Pygmy Japanese Barberry
		Berberis thunbergii var atropurpurea - Barberry: Red-leaf Japanese Barberry
		Berberis thunbergii var atropurpurea 'Nana' - Barberry: Dwarf Japanese Barberry
	www.growit.com /Plants/Growers/SN/Index12.htm (854 words)

	IPANE - Catalog of Species Search Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Berberis vulgaris is native to continental Europe except for the extreme north and is rare in the Mediterranean region.
		Berberis vulgaris was introduced in the United States as early as the 17th century when early settlers planted it for its fruits to produce jam, yellow dye, and thorn hedges.
		Berberis vulgaris is now found sporadically across the landscape and appears to have been eradicated in some areas, while it persists quite abundantly in others, especially near the coast.
	webapps.lib.uconn.edu /ipane/browsing.cfm?descriptionid=41 (615 words)

	Oregon Grape Picture Monograph (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Berberis aristata, which furnishes the berberis of the British Pharmacopoeia, is a shrub indigenous to the temperate Himalayas, extending from Bhutan to Kanawar, the Nilgiri Hills, and Ceylon.
		Berberis aquifolium belongs to the section Mahonia of the genus Berberis, which section is considered by some botanists a distinct genus.
		The root of Berberis aquifolium is from 1/2 to 1 inch in diameter, often increasing to 2 and 3 inches at the base of the stem.
	www.herbdatanz.com /oregon_grape_picture_monograph.htm (1749 words)

	Berberis buxifolia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Berberis buxifolia, common name the Magellan Barberry, in Spanish Calafate (from Tehuelche), is an evergreen shrub, with shiny box-like leaves.
		The Calafate is native to the south of Argentina and Chile and is a symbol of Patagonia.
		The Calafate is grown commercially for its fruit, potential medical uses and as a garden plant or bonsai.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Berberis_buxifolia (165 words)

	Berberis sp.
		Berberis is widely used in Chinese folk-medicine as leukogenics, anti-arrhythmics and anti-hypertensives.
		The antimicrobial activity of Berberis heterophylla leaves, stems and root aqueous extracts was studied in vitro on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi and Candida sp.
		Berberine,an alkaloid isolated from Berberis aristata,inhibits the carcinogenesis induced by 20-methylcholanthrene(200 microg/ 0.1mL/mouse)or N-nitrosodiethylamine.
	www.herbmed.org /Herbs/Herb93.htm (2176 words)

	Barberry
		Berberis x mentorensis: Mentor barberry - This semi-evergreen is a hybrid of B. darwinii and B. empetrifolia.
		Berberis thunbergii: barberry, Japanese barberry - A deciduous plant, with red or purple leaves and red winter fruit.
		Berberis verruculosa: warty barberry - The branches of this shrub are covered with warts and thorns, and the autumn fruit is blue-fl.
	www.bonsai-bci.com /species/barberry.html (710 words)

	IPANE - Catalog of Species Search Results (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Berberis thunbergii was first introduced to the United States and New England as an ornamental in 1875 as seeds sent from Russia to the Arnold Arboretum in Boston.
		Berberis thunbergii was later promoted as a substitute for Berberis vulgaris which was planted by early settlers from Europe for hedgerows, dye and jam.
		Berberis thunbergii was not a host for the fl stem grain rust, whereas Berberis vulgaris was.
	webapps.lib.uconn.edu /ipane/browsing.cfm?descriptionid=26 (938 words)

	Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Proposal To Delist the California Plant Berberis (=Mahonia) sonnei ...
		Berberis sonnei has been synonymized with B. repens, a common and widespread taxon with a distribution from California northward to British Columbia and Alberta, and eastward to the Great Plains.
		Berberis (=Mahonia) sonnei (Truckee barberry) is a small colonial evergreen shrub known only from a 250-meter (m) (280-yard (yd)) section of Truckee River flood plain in the town of Truckee, Nevada County, California.
		Previous Federal Action Federal government actions on Berberis sonnei began as a result of section 12 of the Act, which directed the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution to prepare a report on those plants considered to be endangered, threatened, or extinct in the United States.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2002/September/Day-03/i22300.htm (3127 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Delisting of the Berberis (=Mahonia) sonnei ...
		Berberis sonnei has been synonymized with B. repens, a common and wide- ranging taxon with a distribution from California northward to British Columbia and Alberta, and eastward to the Great Plains.
		We published a proposed rule to remove Berberis sonnei from the Federal List of Endangered and Threatened Plants on September 3, 2002 (67 FR 56254), based on information indicating that B. sonnei is not a discrete taxonomic entity and does not meet the definition of a species as defined by the Act.
		Berberis repens, with which B. sonnei has been combined, is a common species ranging from California northward to British Columbia and Alberta and eastward to the Great Plains (Whittemore 1997).
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/2003/October/Day-01/e24858.htm (2779 words)

	DFT Vascular Plant Image Library (Berberidaceae)
		Berberis nervosa - Native, from Federation Forest, WA.
		Berberis trifoliolata - Native, from Serpentine outcrop, Gillespie Co., TX.
		Berberis trifoliolata - Cultivated, from National Wildflower Research Center, Austin, TX.
	www.csdl.tamu.edu /FLORA/imaxxber.htm (740 words)

	Species Guide Berberis Barberry Bonsai
		Berberis is a genus of over 450 species of evergreen, semi-evergreen and deciduous shrubs from all over the world, preferring rocky soils in mountainous areas.
		Though Berberis are not recognised as a classic bonsai subject, there are many species that have small leaves that back bud easily, numerous small, showy flowers in a variety of colours and on mature trees can display beautiful bark markings.
		There are a number of varieties of B.thunbergii of which the red-leaved varieties are preferred, Berberis thunbergii Atropurpurea has dark purple-red foliage and vertically-striped bark.
	www.bonsai4me.com /SpeciesGuide/Berberis.html (365 words)

	Ketzel Levine's Talking Plants
		I always figured that most gardens were bereft of hot-blooded, orange-blooming Berberis because when people heard the word "barberry," they thought only of thorns.
		Instead, the berberis market has been flooded with the deciduous species from Japan, the bright-gold, rich-purple, and tricolored foliage forms that are grown by the gazillion coast to coast.
		Monsieur Gagnepain's berberis blooms in small, light-yellow clusters, followed in fall by blue-blushed fruit.
	www.npr.org /programs/talkingplants/profiles/berberis.html (479 words)

	Berberis sp. - barberry
		Barberry (mine is Berberis thunbergi 'Aurea') is a fine bonsai.
		It should be purchased at a nursery or dug up from a hedge, with special attention to selecting a specimen with a thick trunk, since the major drawback to barberries is the slow development of a good trunk.
		Japanese Barberrry, Berberis thunbergii and its cultivars do make nice fat trunked little bonsai if one can control the suckering.
	www.bonsaiweb.com /care/faq/berberis.html (1231 words)

	Discovering herbs: Berberis
		Berberis likes the sun but nevertheless it manages to survive widely in the British Isles.
		Berberis helps with the formation and movement of bile, getting it out of the gall-bladder and into the digestive tract where it can tackle the fats in our diet.
		The beneficial effects of Berberis can be felt all along the digestive tract, and never more so than when you have had a bout of sickness and diarrhoea or a tussle with an undesirable parasite.
	www.healthywaymagazine.com /issue22/09_berberis.html (484 words)

	Potent Liver Tonic - Berberis aristata (Daruharidra) Extract Berberine 97% (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The extract is derived form the roots of Berberis aristata belonging to family Berberidaceae.
		The chief constituent of Berberis aristata is an alkaloid Berberine which is reported to be responsible for hepatoprotective activity of Berberis aristata.
		In one of these studies it has been proved that administration of berberine (0.5, 2.5 or 5.0 mg/kg) could reduce significantly the incidence of tumor in animals after an injection of 20-methylcholanthrene a tumor inducer and increased their life span compared with the control.
	www.exoticnatural.com /berberis.htm (233 words)

	Barberry Root - Berberis vulgaris - Encapsulated Botanical - Herbs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Mahonia and Berberis species (Oregon Grape and Barberry, respectively) are very closely related, and herbalists often treat them as one herb.
		The genus name Berberis is thought to be derived from a Phoenician word "barbar", meaning "glossy" in reference to the glossy leaves.
		Berberis is a deciduous shrub that has smooth leaves and thorny stems.
	www.viableherbalsolutions.com /singles/herbs/s800.htm (1257 words)

	Berberis Formula by Genestra
		Berberis Formula contains Berberine which is indicated for parasitic, bacterial and viral infections, candidiasis, yeast, urinary tract and bladder infections, intestinal flu, streptococcus and staphylococcus.
		This supplement combines standardized extracts with whole, fresh herbs to ensure the high alkaloid content of berberine, oxyacanthine and columbamine, known for their antibacterial, antiviral and antiparasitic properties.
		Berberis aquifolium (Oregon Grape Extract 4:1 conc.)......200 mg
	www.rockwellnutrition.net /product.asp?itemid=202 (205 words)

	Purple-Leaf Berberis
		Berberis is a very useful deciduous shrub which adds good red colours to my mixed borders.
		I have different varieties in my garden, but my most favourite Berberis is the plain reddish-purple one.
		The Berberis shrub in one of my borders provides a pretty colour combination with its neighbouring roses - and I like the repetition of the dark red colours in the nearby flax.
	www.mooseyscountrygarden.com /shrubs/autumn-berberis.html (203 words)

	Berberis x mentorensis
		Berberis thunbergii - Japanese Barberry - slowly deciduous small foliage; thin stems with single spines; small ellipsoid red winter-persistent fruits on mature shrubs; species form at 5' tall by 5' wide, but found abundantly in the landscape as cultivars that are bright green, gold, maroon, or variegated, and often smaller; zones 4 to 8
		Berberis is the Arabic name for Barberry fruit.
		Berberis x mentorensis is a tough, urban-tolerant shrub or hedge with dense foliage and prominent spines, normally used as a barrier hedge or in group plantings, but can also be planted as an unpruned solitary shrub for uses such as a small bird refuge.
	www.hcs.ohio-state.edu /hcs/TMI/Plantlist/be_ensis.html (694 words)

	Berberis in Flora of North America @ efloras.org
		Species 1-5 below represent Berberis in the narrow sense (characterized by dimorphic stems, with elongate primary stems and short axillary shoots; leaves of primary stems modified as spines; foliage leaves simple; and inflorescences usually rather lax, with acuminate bracteoles and 1-20 flowers; most species susceptible to Puccinia).
		Species 6-12, traditionally included in Mahonia when that genus is recognized (L. Abrams 1934), are actually intermediate, resembling Berberis proper in their dimorphic stems, inflorescence structure, and susceptibility to Puccinia, and Mahonia in their spineless stems and compound leaves.
		Is the taxonomy of Berberis and Mahonia (Berberidaceae) supported by their rust pathogens Cumminsiella santa sp.
	www.efloras.org /florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=103816 (1058 words)

	Bioforce Berberis. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Berberis not only increases the production of bile (choleretic) but also improves its flow from the gallbladder into the digestive tract, lessening the tendency for the stored bile to stagnate and thicken (cholagogue).
		It is indicated especially for gallstones when there is infection present or poor digestive function, due to its antiinfective, antibiotic actions and its ability to stimulate the spleen and pancreas, as well as cleansing and protecting the membranous lining of the digestive tract.
		Berberis' activities are thought to be due to its isoquinoline alkaloids, which include berberine and oxycanthine.
	www.alexander-essentials.com /bioforce-berberis.php3 (549 words)

	Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Science and Horticulture
		The Berberis Dell lies north of the Flag pole and was created from a gravel pit between 1869 to 1875.
		The two largest, 31-year-old plants of Berberis lycoides are about 5m tall and 8m wide, and can be found towards the centre of the Berberis Dell.They flower between April and May with large yellow flower clusters.
		In the past, Berberis was used for wood-turning, dyes, staining wood and French jam, as well as for medicinal uses.
	www.rbgkew.org.uk /scihort/berberis.html (492 words)

	Mahonia
		Berberis aquifolium.; Berberis aquifolium; Berberis amplectens; Berberis aquifolium var.
		Berberis pinnata.; Mahonia fascicularis; Berberis pinnata; Berberis fascicularis; Berberis pinnata ssp.
		Berberis pumila; Berberis pumila; Berberis amplectens; Berberis aquifolium; Berberis aquifolium var.
	www.ibiblio.org /pfaf/cgi-bin/find_lat?LAT=Mahonia (202 words)

	Berberis thunbergii
		Berberis thunbergii 'Bonanza Gold' - a new introduction with bright golden yellow foliage in full sun, not subject to leaf scorch (as is the standard golden cultivar 'Aurea'), maturing at 1.5' tall by 3' wide
		Berberis thunbergii 'Kobold' - kelly green foliage in spring, maturing to dark green by late summer, maturing at 2' tall by 2' wide
		Berberis thunbergii is a popular but spiny small shrub, of very fine texture and very urban tolerant, with a wide selection of foliage color variants, often used as a single specimen, in group or mass plantings, or as a low thorny informal border.
	www.hcs.ohio-state.edu /hcs/TMI/Plantlist/be_ergii.html (658 words)

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