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	The Ultimate Berengar of Friuli Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		- 16 April 924) was a Margrave of Friuli, King of Italy (from 888 on) and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire from 915 on.
		He was the son of Gisela, a daughter of Louis the Pious, and Eberhard, the Margrave of Friuli.
		Fortunately for Berengar, Pope Formosus invited King Arnulf of the East Franks to Italy in 893 to overthrow Guido.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Berengar (591 words)

	Berengar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Berengar is a masculine name, of some popularity among certain noble families during the Middle Ages.
		The name was also shared by 11th century theologian Berengar of Tours.
		It also formed a compound name with Raymond in the family of the counts of Barcelona and Provence.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Berengar (225 words)

	Origins of the Name
		Chadaloh (I) Duke of Friuli (770 - 819).
		Burchard was the grandson of Judith (I) of Friuli.
		The Margraves of Friuli (northeastern Italy), Tuscany and Spoleto was subject to the Carolingians (Charlemagne's Empire) from 774-887 After the death of Charles III, Margrave Berengar of Friuli was crowned King of Italy in 888.
	www.bartold.com /genealogy/origins.html (5888 words)

	States of the Church
		Berengar was the last to receive the imperial crown before the founding of the Roman Empire of the German Nation.
		At Rome itself the greatest influence was won by the family of the later Counts of Tusculum, which traced its descent to the senator and dux, Theophylactus, and whose power was for a time represented by the wife of Theophylactus, Theodora (called Senatrix or Vesteratrix), and her daughters Marozia and Theodora the Younger.
		The necessary condition for the coöperation of emperor and pope was their common opposition to Berengar.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/s/states_of_church.html (12050 words)

	Schulers Books (Medieval Europe - 8/25)
		Somewhat later Otto retaliated by giving protection to an Italian foe of Hugh, the Margrave Berengar of Friuli, who came to the Saxon court and became the liegeman of the German King.
		Berengar fled, the Dukes made peace with their suzerain, and Otto was free to dispose of the Italian kingdom (951).
		Otto was still menaced by conspiracies in Germany; and Berengar might serve to guard Italy against ambitious Dukes, until the hands of his overlord were free for Italian adventures.
	www.schulers.com /books/hw/m/Medieval_Europe/Medieval_Europe8.htm (2119 words)

	10Th Century A.D.: The People's Chronology
		Berengar of Friuli is crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope John X in December but soon encounters opposition from some of the Italian nobility (see 922 A.D.).
		Italian noblemen lose patience with their ruler Berengar of Friuli and invite Burgundy's Rudolf II to accept Berengar's throne.
		Burgundy's Rudolf II defeats Berengar of Friuli's forces July 17 at Fiorenzuola, near Piacenza, and will rule Italy (as well as France and Jurane Burgundy) until 926.
	history.enotes.com /peoples-chronology/year-10th-century-d (11712 words)

	Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor Summary
		On the death (950), possibly by poisoning, of Lothair of Arles, the Italian throne was inherited by a woman, Adelaide of Italy, the respective daughter, daughter-in-law, and widow of the last three kings of Italy.
		A local noble, Berengar of Ivrea, declared himself king of Italy, abducted Adelaide, and tried to legitimize his reign by forcing Adelaide to marry his son Adalbert.
		After Otto left Rome and reconquered the Papal States from Berengar, however, John became fearful of the emperor's power and sent envoys to the Magyars and the Byzantine Empire to form a league against Otto.
	www.bookrags.com /Otto_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor (2333 words)

	Italy. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		From 888 to 962 Italy was nominally ruled by a series of weak kings and emperors including Guy of Spoleto, Berengar I of Friuli, Louis III of Burgundy, and Berengar II of Ivrea.
		The Magyars plundered N Italy, and in the south the Arabs seized (917) Sicily and raided the mainland.
		In 961, heeding an appeal by the pope for protection against Berengar II, the German king Otto I invaded Italy.
	www.bartleby.com /65/it/Italy.html (5639 words)

	Italy
		Great grandson of Berengar of Friuli and son of Berengar II of Ivrea.
		Grandson of Berengar of Friuli; seized throne on death of Lothair, and held his widow Adelaide captive (951); deposed by future Emperor Otto I; attacked Pope John XII (960), provoking Otto' s reoccupation of Rome and coronation as emperor (962); imprisoned in Germany (963-966).
		Grandson of Louis I the Pious; elected king at Pavia under overlordship of East Frankish king Arnulf; confined to northeastern Italy until deaths of Guy of Spoleto (894) and his son Lambert (898) enabled him to extend rule to rest of Italy.
	website.lineone.net /~johnbidmead/italy.htm (5521 words)

	S Y N T H E S I S - The Achievements of Otto the Great
		Berengar also captured Adelaide and attempted to force her to marry his son.
		But despite the rather speculative nature of his military expedition, Otto I eventually defeated Berengar II and basked in the glory of an episode which, had he not intervened, may have effectively reduced him to sidelines of medieval European history.
		Berengar of Friuli, had attempted to undermine the power of the Germany monarchy, although by 961, Otto had suppressed his relatively confined rebellion and proved his worth to a highly grateful papacy.
	www.rosenoire.org /articles/hist5.php (2712 words)

	Apolyton Civilization Forums > Miscellaneous > Stories & Diplomacy > HRE NES
		I will enter negotiations with Berengar for the purchase of silver; my own coffers run dangerously low, and I will try to show a significant profit that I might avoid the indignity of asking you for a loan.
		Emperor Berengar of Friuli, King of Italy, to Duke Arnulf of Bavaria
		Berengar of Friuli, having reinstated the age-old trade in German metals (practically abandoned since the time of Charlemagne) has begun printing denarii bearing his image.
	www.apolyton.net /forums/showthread.php?postid=4333947 (5585 words)

	CalendarHome.com - 887 - Calendar Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Odo, Count of Paris ascends to the throne of Western Francia (mordern France)
		Berengar of Friuli ascends to the throne of Italy
		Arnulf of Carinthia ascends to the throne of Eastern Francia (modern Germany)
	encyclopedia.calendarhome.com /887.htm (136 words)

	Rudolph II Roi de Jurane Bourgogne
		The son of Rudolf I, founder of the kingdom of Jurane (Upper) Burgundy (i.e., the part of Burgundy north of Provence), and a descendant of the Welf (Guelf) family, Rudolf II was offered the throne of Italy by Italian nobles disaffected with their king, Berengar of Friuli.
		After Berengar's murder (924), Rudolf ruled both Jurane Burgundy and Italy, residing alternately in the two kingdoms.
		In 926 Italian nobles, dissatisfied with his reign, made overtures to Hugh of Provence, the actual master of Provence, which was only nominally held by the emperor Louis III (the Blind).
	www.delmars.com /family/perrault/7203.htm (298 words)

	Barr's & Robinson's:Information about Berengar (Phantom Emperor) of Friuli
		Berengar (Phantom Emperor) of Friuli (son of Eberhard of Friuli and Gisele of France)
		was born 850 in Friuli (later Lombard), Italy
		Children of Berengar (Phantom Emperor) of Friuli and Bertila di Camerino Spoleto are:
	familytreemaker.genealogy.com /users/b/a/r/Wade-Barr/WEBSITE-0001/UHP-2470.html (86 words)

	Ancestors and Family of Eberhard of Friuli
		Han var sønn til en frankisk adelsmann og bror til hertug Berengar av Septimanien som døde i 835.
		Som Lothars vasall forvaltet han markgrevskapet Friuli og hadde store gods i områdene ved mitre og nedre Maas i Flandern.
		• He was a Margrave or Duke of Friuli.
	nygaard.howards.net /files/2/4158.htm (197 words)

	Northern Italy
		A bishopric in northeastern Italy, adjacent to the angle of the Slovenian and Austrian borders, and extending south to the Adriatic Sea; the modern Italian province of Friuli closely covers the region.
		A town in extreme northeastern Italy, the chief city in Friuli Province, located about 12 miles (20 km.) from the Slovenian frontier and 20 miles (33 km.) north of the Adriatic; the Julian Alps lie immediately to the north.
		In 1077, the Patriarchs of Aquileia were invested with the title of Count of Friuli.
	www.ellone-loire.net /obsidian/noritaly.html (2219 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Germany
		Both in the East and West Frankish Kingdoms, in this era of confusion, the nobility grew steadily stronger, and freemen in increasing numbers became vassals in order to escape the burdens that the State laid on them; the illusion of the imperial title could no longer give strength to the empire.
		Vassal princes like Guido and Lamberto of Spoleto, and Berengar of Friuli, were permitted to wear the diadem of the Caesars.
		As the idea of political unity declined, that of the unity of the Church increased in power.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06484b.htm (21943 words)

	Friuli Descendants Report
		Children of CONTE UNROCH DI FRIULI I are:
		Children of EBERHARD DI FRIULI and GISELA OF THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE are:
		Children of UNRUOCH DI FRIULI and are:
	www.angelfire.com /mi2/luskfamily/L027MargraveFamily/friuliinfoL27.html (119 words)

	Ancestors of Eugene Ashton ANDREW & Anna Louise HANISH King Louis Arles PROVENCE, III ANDREW ANGERMUELLER HANISH ...
		The Holy Roman emperor Charles III the Fat took Louis under his protection in 887, and, although Charles was deposed that same year, Louis was recognized as king of Provence in 890.
		In 900, when Louis was called to Italy by a group of nobles who were opposed to the rule of of the Italian King Berengar of Friuli, he crossed the Alps, marchedon Pavia, and, in October 900, was elected king of the Lombards in that city.
		He received the imperial crown from Pope Benedict IV at Rome in February 901.In the following year, however, Berengar advanced to Pavia and captured Louis, who was forced to leave the country.
	www.geneal.net /2463.htm (437 words)

	The Shire of Vanished Wood
		The Avars invaded Bavaria and Friuli as allies of Tassilo (788); they were punished by three campaigns of extirpation (791-796), which broke their power and spared only a miserable remnant of their people.
		Their land was annexed but not settled; for Germany offered a more tempting field to the Frankish pioneers.
		Among the West Franks it was Eude the Count of Paris who seized the royal diadem; the East Franks elected Arnulf, Duke of Carinthia; Italy became an apple of discord between the margraves of Spoleto and Friuli; Burgundy was partitioned by two native families.
	www.vanishedwood.org /castle/library/book.php?id=MedievalEurope (22054 words)

	History of the Christian Church, Volume IV: Mediaeval Christianity. A.D. 590-1073. \| Christian Classics Ethereal Library
		The dukes Berengar of Friuli (888–924), and Guido of Spoleto (889–894), two remote descendants of Charlemagne through a female branch, contended for the kingdom of Italy and the imperial crown, and filled alternately the papal chair according to their success in the conflict.
		But the party of Berengar again obtained the ascendency; Stephen VII.
		This was regarded as a just punishment for his conduct towards Formosus.
	www.ccel.org /ccel/schaff/hcc4.i.iv.xv.html (567 words)

	Apolyton Civilization Forums > Miscellaneous > Stories & Diplomacy > HRE NES - Development
		Charlemagne, Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Franks, has been dead for nearly a century, and his empire is a shadow of its former self.
		The Christians of Europe are split into petty kingdoms and duchies, and Charlemagne's crown sits in a Papal vault in Rome - its last wearer, Louis of Burgundy, was humiliated in an abortive invasion of northern Italy, and had his eyes put out by the master of Friuli, Berengar.
		Berengar has assumed the title of Emperor, though the Pope has yet to officially recognize this, and he is yet uncrowned.
	apolyton.net /forums/showthread.php?postid=4162044 (9843 words)

	Holy Roman Empire
		The emperors exercised little authority beyond the confines of their dominions, however.
		After the reign (905-24) of Berengar I of Friuli, also styled as king of Italy or ruler of Lombardy, who was crowned emperor by Pope John X, the imperial throne remained vacant for nearly four decades.
		The East Frankish kingdom, or Germany, capably led by Henry I and Otto I, emerged as the strongest power in Europe during this period.
	gallery.euroweb.hu /tours/gothic/history/holy_rom.html (1555 words)

	Our Family - pafc265 - Generated by Personal Ancestral File
		The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Ancestral File (R), Copyright (c) 1987, June 1998, data as of 5 January 1998, Family History Library, 35 N West Temple Street, Salt Lake City, Utah 84150 USA.
		Eberhard was the husband of Gisela, sister to the Emperors Charles the Bald and Lothar I, and their son Berengar became king in Italy and even Emperor himself.
		Gisela was the wife of Eberhard of Friuli and mother of Berengar I of Friuli who succeeded Louis IV as Frankish Emperor in 905.
	www.writerspost.com /ourfamily/pafc265.htm (879 words)

	Barbarian timeline and scorecard
		888: Markcount Berengar of Friuli is crowned king.
		899: Berengar is defeated by the Magyars (Hungarians) at Brenta, and must pay revenue.
		The Ostrogoths occupy Crimea, where some of them remain until the end of the 18th century.
	www.mmdtkw.org /ALRItkwRom303_2BarbTimelin.html (3710 words)

	FRANCIA
		Meanwhile, Burgundy and Italy spun off to more local Carolingian in-laws, among whom the title of Emperor was passed around for a time.
		After Berengar (I of Italy), however, the title simply lapsed.
		Since the Popes could have bought some influence with an Imperial coronation, it is a good question why they stopped bothering.
	www.friesian.com /francia.htm (14235 words)

	Holy Roman Empire, Page Seven (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		between the parties of Berengar of Friuli and Guido of Spoleto.
		In A.D. 924, died Berengar, the last of these phantom Emperors.
		sought in marriage by Adalbert son of Berengar II, the new Italian monarch.
	history-world.org /holy_roman_empire7.htm (3196 words)

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