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Topic: Berkeley Pit

	Berkeley Pit - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Berkeley Pit is a gigantic former open pit copper mine located in Butte, Montana, and is the one of the largest Superfund sites.
		Toxic water was filling up the pit at a very fast rate after its closure until it was a mile wide and over 900 feet feep, but it was not until the 1990s that serious plans were devised for solving this problem.
		The Berkeley Pit open copper mining pit, in Butte, Montana was closed in 1982.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Berkeley_Pit (512 words)

	MBMG-Berkley Pit Statistics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Open-pit mining began at the Berkeley Pit in 1955 and continued at the Continental Pit until its closure in June 2000.
		The deep water of the pit lake – the hypolimnion – is separated from the shallow water – the epilimnion – by a chemocline.
		Declines near the Berkeley Pit are due to drainage towards the pit and deactivation of the nearby leach pads.
	www.mbmg.mtech.edu /env-berkeley.htm (1608 words)

	NIE Hot Topic
		The Berkeley Pit, a huge, former open-pit copper mine, is one of the largest bodies of contaminated water in the United States.
		It's important because the Berkeley Pit tends to be the poster child, as it were, for the entire Clark Fork cleanup," Sandy Stash, ARCO vice president, said in a telephone interview Tuesday.
		The water in the pit is so toxic that it killed 342 snow geese that lighted on the water in 1995, mistaking it for a drinking hole on their migratory flight.
	www.missoulian.com /NIE/topics/pit-032702.html (759 words)

	Pit Lakes, Contaminant Issues, Region 6 Environmental Contaminants, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
		The flooding is caused by the incursion of groundwater into the open pit forming a "pit lake." Water quality in these pit lakes varies from highly acidic to alkaline.
		The Berkeley Pit in Butte, Montana is a 1.5 square mile open pit approximately 1,700 feet in depth.
		In 1995, the Berkeley Pit proved lethal to over 300 snow geese which used the pit lake as a migratory stopping place.
	www.r6.fws.gov /contaminants/contaminants8.html (245 words)

	H T Gilham Center for Viral Mimetics
		Pit statistics: The Berkeley Pit was opened in 1955 and became the largest truck-operated open pit copper mine in the United States.
		The pit enabled Butte to claim the title "Richest Hill on Earth." When mining was discontinued in 1982 (and more than one and a half billion tons of copper ore later), the bottom of the pit was at an elevation of 4,265 feet above sea level (USGS datum).
		Berkeley Pit is the most visible of four areas within a Superfund site that includes century-old mines along the Clark Fork River in southwestern Montana.
	blog.itfais.org /cvm/archives/000311.shtml (891 words)

	Show Mines of the United States: Berkeley Pit
		Berkeley Pit is a former truck-operated open-pit copper mine.
		However, the pit became one of the most difficult and expensive pollution problems of the State.
		The Berkeley Pit itself may not be visited, but pit owner Montana Resources has built an observation deck some years ago.
	www.showcaves.com /english/usa/mines/BerkeleyPit.html (480 words)

	Berkeley Pit - Montana's Gold West Country Travel Region
		The Berkely Pit, started in 1955, was a large truck-operated open-pit copper mine until mining ceased in 1982.
		The pit is 7,000 feet long, 5,600 feet wide and 1,600 feet deep from the high wall on the north side just below the Kelley mine.
		The Berkeley Pit is located at the east end of Park Street in uptown Butte.
	goldwest.visitmt.com /listings/11138.htm (260 words)

	[No title]
		Since mining began in in the pit area in 1982, the pit has filled up with rust colored water which seeped into the pit from higher ground causing it to become Butte's top tourist attraction.
		The water in the pit is so dangerous with high concentration levels of copper and arsenic that birds are kept away with gunfire.
		Even though the Berkeley Pit is not being actively mined, privately owned Montana Resources says it still extracts about 400,000 pounds of copper a month by filtering the water there.
	www.atsnn.com /article/172873 (533 words)

	About PitWatch and the Berkeley Pit Public Education Committee in Butte, Montana
		The Berkeley Pit spans roughly 1.25 miles (east to west) and 1 mile (north to south); these dimensions are of the Pit's rock outline and not at water level.
		As for depth, from the bottom of the Pit to the highest point on the northwest wall is 1,600 feet, and from the bottom to the lowest point on the Pit rim (on the east side) is 1,250 feet.
		The purpose of the Berkeley Pit Public Education Committee is to keep Butte residents and students informed about the Berkeley Pit and the surrounding underground mine-flooding areas.
	www.pitwatch.org (571 words)

	Chamber Homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Berkley Pit in Butte, Montana was the largest truck-operated open-pit copper mine in the United States.
		The Berkeley Pit is a 1700-foot-deep hole in the ground, nearly three miles around the outside and, as you stand on the viewing stand, the far side is about a mile away.
		The Pit was created over a 30-year period, beginning with block caving of some of the underground mines after World War II.
	www.butteinfo.org /butte/berkley.html (176 words)

	Open-pit mining - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most walls of the pit are generally dug on an angle less than vertical, to prevent and minimise damage and danger from rock falls.
		The open pit is then surrounded with a fence, to prevent access, and it generally eventually fills up with ground water.
		Berkeley Pit - former copper mine in Butte, Montana, United States; now a toxic lake.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Open-pit_mining (1149 words)

	Only in Butte: Cool Water Hula by The Berkeley Pit
		In what she calls an "Art Action," Hager's goal was to bring attention to the rising level of acid water filling the Berkeley Pit at the rate of about one foot each month.The Berkeley Pit is a former open pit copper mine that has been filling with acidic water since 1983.
		More than 1.5 million gallons of water flows into the Berkeley Pit each day now in the aftermath of open pit copper mining that left one of the largest mine pits when mining and smelting in the area shut down in the early 1980s.
		The Pit received national attention as a poster child of environmental damage when a flock of migrating snow geese chose to land and rest on the Pit's toxic waters in November of 1995.
	www.butteamerica.com /coolhula.htm (968 words)

	Classical Values :: when pit bull semen is outlawed, only outlaws will have pit bull semen!
		The pit bull is being targeted (as it was in San Francisco) because it is a minority breed with fewer defenders, often favored by outlaws who want a dog with a bad rep, so is perceived as the weak link in the chain.
		About 30 percent of the animals that come in to the Berkeley shelter are pit bulls, she said; however, about 80 percent of the shelter population is made up of pit bulls because they are so difficult to adopt out.
		The Berkeley Citizens Humane Commission will meet again on Wednesday, May 17th to discuss a proposal to require mandatory spay/neuter of all “pit bulls.” It is vital that responsible dog owners and concerned breeders attend this meeting.
	www.classicalvalues.com /archives/003619.html (1944 words)

	Washingtonpost.com: Could a Toxic Lake Yield Life-Saving Microbes?
		Some single-celled life forms, unseen by the human eye, that blow into the pit or drift in with surface water are surviving.
		The 1.5-mile-wide, 1,800-foot-deep pit, part of the nation's largest Superfund site, has been filling for the last 17 years with a poisonous broth laced with heavy metals and arsenic--a legacy of Butte's copper mining days.
		When mining officials abandoned the pit about 17 years ago and stopped the pumps that kept it dry, they opened the spigots to about 3 million gallons of water per day.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/national/daily/march99/microbes8.htm (1043 words)

	ENN: Environmental News Network [[Today's News Full Story ]] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Even as bad as the sewage and chemical infested water around New Orleans may be, the Berkeley Pit, a toxic lake filling a 1-1/2 by 1 mile open pit mine in Butte (pop.
		Unlike the sudden devastation of the Gulf Coast floods, the Berkeley Pit mess was many decades in the making, a legacy of the demand for copper wire spurred by electrification that made Butte America's mother lode of copper, generating an estimated $48 billion in mineral wealth.
		The Berkeley Pit, a remnant of what was once called "the richest hill on Earth", has also become Butte's top tourist attraction where visitors pay a small fee to enter a viewing platform and read about the lake's history.
	www.enn.com /today.html?id=8882 (991 words)

	NASA - Berkeley Pit: Butte, Montana
		Water extracted from the mines was so rich in dissolved copper sulfate that it was also "mined" by chemical precipitation for the copper it contained.
		In 1955, copper mining in the area expanded with the opening of the Berkeley Pit.
		A large gray tailings pile of waste rock and an adjacent tailings pond appear to the north of the Berkeley Pit.
	www.nasa.gov /multimedia/imagegallery/image_feature_697.html (297 words)

	deseretnews.com \| Dig deep into Butte's history at copper pit
		Berkeley Pit in Butte, Mont., is an open-pit copper mine that has been allowed to fill with water since its closure in 1982.
		One of America's largest bodies of contaminated water, the pit began filling in 1982 with the drainage from closed mines.
		For many visitors the pit leads the must-see list in a city rich with industrial rawness and Herculean efforts to reverse environmental damage from historic mining.
	deseretnews.com /dn/view/0,1249,595086470,00.html (512 words)

	Bad Rap : Bay Area Doglovers Responsible About Pitbulls
		VERY crowded, with pit bulls representing up to 80% of the dogs there, however the shelter does try to keep adoptable dogs as long as possible depending on the amount of room available.
		More information on surrendering an animal is available on their Website Pit bull adopters of EBSPCA dogs are screened at the adoption visit, receive counseling, education, and required training (Basic Obedience is included with adoption fee, but courses can be taken anywhere).
		The pit bulls with the greatest chances for being adopted are puppies as well as dogs that are generally mellow, dog friendly and/or have had some prior obedience training.
	www.badrap.org /rescue/resources.cfm (1912 words)

	Town sees treasure in toxic pit - Environment - MSNBC.com
		Berkeley Pit, the site of a former copper mine in Butte, Mont., has become a profitable tourist attraction.
		The Berkeley Pit is a former copper mine that began filling in 1982 with drainage from closed mines.
		Pit owner Montana Resources, which operates Butte’s only active mine, has deeded the Chamber of Commerce the observation deck and 2½ nearby acres.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/12094104 (659 words)

	High Country News -- December 11, 1995: Did toxic stew cook the goose? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The pit, which is approximately a mile wide, a mile-and-a-half long, and 1,200 feet deep, contains roughly 25 billion gallons of contaminated water.
		The EPA issued a clean-up plan for the Berkeley Pit in 1994, but the agency remains in negotiation with ARCO and another "potentially responsible party," Montana Resources, to forge a "consent decree" that will allow work to begin in 1996.
		If federal officials ultimately attribute the birds' death to pit contamination, fines may be levied for the illegal "taking" of a migratory bird.
	www.edheritage.org /mont/hcnpit.htm (521 words)

	CLUI #MT3133 - Berkeley Pit
		Large open pit copper mine with over 17 billion gallons of wastewater contaminated from mining operations.
		The pit and much of the surrounding mines and smelting areas, including the Anaconda area and the 120-mile long Clark Fork River drainage area, have been designated as an EPA Superfund toxic site.
		Now the pit supports a growing industry of remediation technologies and clean-up personnel.
	www.clui.org /clui_4_1/ludb/sites/MT3133.html (103 words)

	Berkeley Pit Photos
		Berkeley Pit Lake with East Ridge in background.
		Horseshoe Bend Water Treatment Plant being constructed on east side of the Berkeley Pit.
		Boat Ramp and Montana Resource’s boat on west side of Berkeley Pit Lake.
	www.deq.state.mt.us /FedSuperfund/fssphotos.asp (80 words)

	LBL Currents -- August 26, 1994
		Located in an ore-rich section of southwestern Montana, the Berkeley Pit is a vast open-pit mine that was closed in the 1980s and has been slotted by the U.S. Department of Energy as a "demonstration site" for environmental reclamation.
		Following the shutdown of mining operations, the Berkeley Pit was filled with some 17 billion gallons of water.
		Before the PIT was formed, the Laboratory had already embarked on conversion to an automated purchasing system, which will eliminate much of the present paperwork and help meet many other objectives.
	www.lbl.gov /Publications/Currents/Archive/Aug-26-1994.html (3534 words)

	Berkeley Pit Superfund Site
		This Berkeley Copper mine owned by ARCO, provided nearly 80 percent of the copper in W.W.II.
		Currently at Horse Shoe Bend they are building a customized reclamation facility to treat the water pictured in the closed copper pit while removing the valuable chemicals and copper floating within the soup.
		It is a Win/Win for ARCO, Super Fund Site Program, people of the valley and all those down stream who will also need clean water supplies to continue their efforts, from farming to fishing.
	www.carwashguys.com /tour_berkeley.shtml (552 words)

	Gelf Magazine: The Toxic Tourist Attraction
		Admission to the Berkeley Pit in Butte, Montana, supposedly costs $2, but there's no one there to take my money Sunday as I wander down the 100-foot-long tunnel to the overlook of one of the largest toxic lakes in the country.
		While the algae and an insect called the water boatman thrive in the pit, there are few questions about the effects of the toxicity on larger organisms.
		A few years ago, he says, an elderly former employee of the Berkeley pit followed an old mining rode around the back side of the lake and drove his car out onto the winter ice covering the ruddy pit.
	www.gelfmagazine.com /mt/archives/the_toxic_tourist_attraction.html (1167 words)

	Berkeley Pit to Be Funnified on The Daily Show \| Missoula \| New West Network
		Berkeley Pit to Be Funnified on The Daily Show
		Butte and its Berkeley Pit are scheduled to be the main characters of a segment this week on Jon Stewart's Daily Show about the move to charge admission to the Superfund site.
		Andrea Stierle, who has been researching microbes in the pit, is one of the interviewees for the spot.
	www.newwest.net /index.php/city/article/9321/C8/L8 (231 words)

	Onondaga Lake Partnership: Responses to Feedback cards, 2001
		The Berkeley Pit is located in an ore-rich section of southwestern Montana.
		Following the shutdown of the mining operations in the 1980s, the Berkeley Pit filled with some 17 billion gallons of water.
		Upon review of the information pertaining to the Berkeley pit site, there do not appear to be treatment technologies used at the site that applicable to the situation in Onondaga Lake, specifically the toxic contribution of the sediments to water quality.
	www.onlakepartners.org /p15024.html (1376 words)

	Butte, Montana - Berkeley Pit
		The Pit was the largest truck-operated open pit copper mine in the U.S. until it closed in 1983.
		For years we've been praising the tourism virtues of the Berkeley Pit in Butte, Montana, which at one time was America's Largest Truck-Operated Open Pit Copper Mine, and now is a 500-acre lake of deadly drainage.
		The water in the Pit is so toxic that in 1995 it killed over 300 snow geese that mistakenly landed on it.
	www.roadsideamerica.com /tips/getAttraction.php3?tip_AttractionNo==2952 (376 words)

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