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Topic: Berlin Airlift

Related Topics

Berlin Blockade

Operation Vittles

West Berlin

Gatow Airport

Berlin

Berlin, Germany

East Berlin

Berlin crisis

Berlin Wall

Airlift Device

Soviet occupation zone

	Berlin Blockade - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He was in favour of the airlift option and knew who was the best man to run the operation: Lieutenant-General William H. Tunner was tasked with organising and commanding the Berlin airlift because of his experience of commanding and organising the airlift over the Hump.
		However, the airlift did not end until September 30, as the Western nations wanted to build up sufficient amounts of supplies in West Berlin in case the Soviets blockaded it again.
		The major Berlin airfields involved were Tempelhof, in the American Sector, Gatow and the Havel lake in the British and Tegel (built by army engineers in 49 days with the help of Berlin volunteers) in the French.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Berlin_Airlift (1131 words)

	Berlin Airlift - US Air Force Museum Cold War History Gallery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Faced with the choice of abandoning the city or attempting to supply its inhabitants with the necessities of life by air, the Western Powers chose the latter course and for the next 11 months sustained the city's 2 1/2 million residents in one of the greatest feats in aviation history.
		Operation Vittles, as the airlift was unofficially named, began on June 26 when USAF C-47s carried 80 tons of food into Berlin, far less than the estimated 4,500 tons of food, coal, and other material needed daily to maintain a minimum level of existence.
		Airlift aircraft used three airfields within Berlin: Tempelhof (above) in the U.S. sector, Gatow in the British sector, and Tegel which was built in the French sector in only 60 days using volunteer German men and women laborers.
	www.wpafb.af.mil /museum/history/postwwii/ba.htm (529 words)

	AllRefer.com - Berlin airlift (German History) - Encyclopedia
		Berlin airlift, 1948–49, supply of vital necessities to West Berlin by air transport primarily under U.S. auspices.
		It was initiated in response to a land and water blockade of the city that had been instituted by the Soviet Union in the hope that the Allies would be forced to abandon West Berlin.
		The massive effort to supply the 2 million West Berliners with food and fuel for heating began in June, 1948, and lasted until Sept., 1949, although the Russians lifted the blockade in May of that year.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/B/Berlinai.html (260 words)

	Air Power:The Berlin Airlift
		The capitol city of Berlin, deep in the Soviet sector, had been divided in half, with West Berlin controlled by the western Allies and East Berlin by the Soviets.
		West Berlin would be supplied from outside the Soviet sector by roads, railroads, canals, and three air corridors.
		For the city of Berlin, destroyed by war and occupation, it was the beginning of civic pride and integrity.
	www.centennialofflight.gov /essay/Air_Power/berlin_airlift/AP35.htm (1689 words)

	Airlift History * What really happend*
		At the beginning of the airlift General LeMay had hoped to concentrate the men of the 60th and the 61st Troop Carrier Group at Rhine Main AFB which had one 6,000 yard runway.
		At the start of the airlift the main aircraft used was the C-47 and they first were to carry 80-tons of milk, flour and medicine into the suffering city of Berlin.
		Moscow asserted that West Berlin "is in the center of the Soviet zone and is part of that zone".
	www.konnections.com /airlift/berlin.htm (1229 words)

	Berlin Airlift
		The Berlin airlift led to the notion that sometimes the nonlethal forms of airpower could directly achieve national objectives.
		The task of supplying Berlin by air devolved upon the U.S. Air Forces in Europe, commanded by Major General Curtis E. LeMay, who had at his disposal 102 C-47s, each with a cargo capacity of 3 tons, and 2 of the larger C-54s that could carry 10 tons apiece.
		Chosen to command the Berlin Airlift was Major General William H. Tunner, a veteran of the aerial supply line across the Himalayas, from India to China, during World War II.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/ops/berlin_airlift.htm (1202 words)

	The Cold War Museum - Berlin Airlift (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		To counter the blockade, the western powers organized and airlifted a total of 2,326,406 tons of food, coal, passengers, and other items into the city in a total of 278,228 flights.
		The Soviets did not respond to the airlift by trying to stop it, mainly because they believed that they would have failed or triggered a war.
		At the height of the airlift, planes flew around the clock in four hour blocks taking off and landing every 90 seconds.
	www.coldwar.org /articles/40s/berlin_airlift.php3 (176 words)

	The Berlin Airlift--June 1998
		Aircraft unloading times in Berlin were cut from 17 minutes to five; turnaround times in Berlin were cut from 60 minutes to 30; refueling times at bases in West Germany were slashed from 33 to eight minutes.
		McLaughlin, who flew 196 round-trips to Berlin, was flying a C-47 designated "Willie One" in a westbound block from Tempelhof to Wiesbaden when he heard a Wiesbaden controller clear another C-47 to hold at the same altitude over the same beacon.
		Phillips Davison concluded in his assessment The Berlin Blockade that the airlift had "changed people's attitudes toward the Western powers, raised their esteem for Western strength, and reassured those who were anxious." The airlift had fostered a "feeling of partnership" that lasted for a generation.
	www.afa.org /magazine/June1998/0698berlin.asp (6256 words)

	berlin germany city study
		The city of Berlin, although located in the eastern Soviet half, was also divided into four sectors --West Berlin occupied by Allied interests and East Berlin occupied by Soviets.
		In June 1948, the Soviet Union attempted to control all of Berlin by cutting surface traffic to and from the city of West Berlin.
		__ The Berlin Wall was the former barrier surrounding West Berlin and symbol of the Cold War.
	www.archaeolink.com /berlin_germany_city_study.htm (573 words)

	THE BERLIN AIRLIFT
		Operation Vittles, as the airlift was unofficially dubbed, began on June 26th with the USAF’s C-47s carrying in 80 of the 4,500 tons of food, coal, and various other materials needed daily to maintain a minimum level of existence.
		Although this defused the crisis temporarily, the issue of a divided Berlin and Germany was not resolved.
		The Berlin Wall was constructed to keep eastern citizens from escaping to the West, becoming a perfect symbol for the Cold War.
	www.onlineessays.com /essays/history/his253.php (717 words)

	The Berlin Airlift
		West Berlin had two airports, Tempelhof, which was Berlin's main airport and located in the American Sector, and Gatow, in the British Sector.
		The Berlin Airlift was a live demonstration on the future of the Air Cargo Industry.
		Berliners soon found themselves chopping down all of the trees in the city for fuel, and learning what grasses could be eaten for food.
	www.spiritoffreedom.org /airlift.html (4217 words)

	Berlin Airlift (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		It was on June 26 that the so-called Berlin Airlift officially began and the first scheduled airlift brought supplies to the three Allied sectors of West Berlin.
		Berlin's Lord Mayor-Elect Ernst Reuter told Clay that his people were grateful for the efforts being made for them, but that they knew the city did not have a chance with the entire armed might of the Soviet Union backing up the blockade.
		More airlift capability was needed, and larger Douglas C-54s began to arrive on June 30 to replace the C-47s, all of which were relieved by October 1.
	www.indianamilitary.org /ATTERBURYAAF/History/BerlinAirlift.html (3951 words)

	Berlin Airlift
		When Stalin imposed a land blockade of Berlin in June, 1948, in an attempt to take control of the city, the Allies responded with the Berlin Airlift and demonstrated their will and capacity to respond forcefully in the defense of their interests.
		Berlin’s Control Council did not meet again until after the fall of the Berlin Wall in November 1989.
		The airlift nevertheless continued, gradually decreasing during the summer, until September 30, when the U.S. and Great Britain felt confident that the blockade would not be re-imposed.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1758.html (1378 words)

	Berlin Airlift
		Berlin became the capital of Germany in 1871.
		On 21st April 1945 Berlin was entered by the Red Army and by the end of the month the Soviets controlled the whole city.
		On 1st April 1948, the Soviet military government in Berlin began to a land blockade of the allied areas of the city by refusing to permit American and British supply trains to pass through the zone.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /COLDberlinairlift.htm (465 words)

	The Berlin Airlift of 1948 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		West Berlin needed three times as much coal as it did foodstuffs to keep the populace from freezing to death, as well as diesel oil and petrol amounting to nearly 100,000 tons (flown in by British civil airlines planes).
		At the peak of the airlift a plane was landing or taking off from Berlin's airfields every thirty seconds round the clock and daily tonnages were averaging 8,000 tons.
		The problem of West Berlin was the same before the airlift as it was after it, and the city remained an island in a Soviet sea.
	mars.acnet.wnec.edu /~grempel/courses/germany/lectures/36airlift.html (3791 words)

	Berlin Airlift
		On June 24th, 52 C-54s were ordered to Berlin and by July 1st, they were taking over the airlift, allowing them to reach their target goal of 4500 tons per day.
		Although the Berlin Airlift itself proved to be a remarkable event in the history of humanitarian missions, its overall implications concluded to have a longer lasting, more substantial effect.
		This blockade and airlift was the final straw that caused the separation of Germany into two separate states.
	www.pwc.k12.nf.ca /coldwar/plain/berlin.html (657 words)

	The Berlin Airlift (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Berlin, although located in the eastern Soviet part, was also sub-divided into four sections --West Berlin was occupied by the Allied powers and East Berlin dominated by the Soviets.
		In June 1948, the Soviet Union attempted to extend its influence and hegemonies all of Berlin by curtailing human and freight traffic to and from the city of West Berlin.
		On May 12, 1949 the Soviet government yielded and ended the blockade although the Airlift to Berlin lasted until the end of September of 1949.
	www.washoe.k12.nv.us /americanhistory/pswforeignpolicyboulanger.htm (799 words)

	The East German communists and the origins of the Berlin blockade crisis
		A 1946 report from the Berlin SPD found that "for a food supply averaging a calorie count of 1,640 per inhabitant...3,448,000 kilograms of food are necessary each day." Of this amount, Berlin itself produced only 2 percent.
		Prior to the Berlin blockade, Walter Ulbricht, the real power behind the SED, often spoke of "economic planning." It is not clear precisely what the SED deputy chairman meant by the phrase, but he certainly did not mean East German reconstruction or self-determination.
		Berlin's physical and administrative isolation, therefore, gave the Kremlin ultimate control of all land and water access to the city.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/penna.htm (7143 words)

	The Berlin Airlift - Background (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Berlin had served as the capital of Germany from 1871 until 1945.
		Representatives of these countries agreed that Berlin should be jointly administered by the United States, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics*, Great Britain, and France.
		The Soviet Zone became the city of East Berlin, and the rest of the zones became the city of West Berlin.
	www.krohm.com /tewsp/jc/jc2.htm (203 words)

	Online NewsHour: Berlin Airlift --May 13, 1998
		Berlin's 2 million people got coal for fuel, medicines, manhole covers, automobiles, even candy dropped in handkerchief parachutes for the city's children.
		Bombers were dropping bombs on Berlin, and two and a half years later, all of a sudden, the Western allies started to look differently at Germany, and they realized that Stalin is trying to get Berlin--West Berlin and perhaps all of West Germany, perhaps all of Western Europe.
		MICHAEL BESCHLOSS: And he also, he might have very well been told that this airlift might not succeed, it might fail right in the middle of an election campaign in the fall of 1948, and, you, President Truman, might be the one to suffer.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/europe/jan-june98/airlift_5-13.html (2062 words)

	The Berlin Airlift 1948; Aussies involved
		The then Communist Government in the USSR had decreed that Berlin was to be isolated and starved out so that Russia could take complete control of the city.
		Berlin was "saved", the Russians eventually dropped their claims and things returned to normal.
		Eventually the Berlin Wall fell and later so did the Communist regime in Russia and most of her Soviet States.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-battles/berlin-airlift.htm (367 words)

	The American Experience \| Race for the Superbomb \| Berlin Blockade
		The blockade of Berlin was the first serious crisis of the Cold War.
		The Soviet leadership responded to the Western allies' currency reforms by installing their own new currency in East Berlin just 24 hours before the West mark was to go into circulation.
		By the fall the airlift, code-named "Operation Vittles "and often referred to as "LeMay's feed and coal company," was bringing in an average of 5,000 tons of supplies a day.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/bomb/peopleevents/pandeAMEX49.html (338 words)

	To Save a City: The Berlin Airlift, 1948-1949 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Noting that this airlift was having a meager impact, the Soviets drew the incorrect conclusion that an airlift would never meet the needs of a city of 2.3 million.
		During the famous Hump airlift of World War II, the most common cargo was gasoline; during the Berlin airlift, it was coal, which accounted for 65 percent of all cargo.
		The British portion of the airlift was named Operation Plainfare, while the drop of candy to German children from C-54s initiated by 1st Lt Gail Halvorsen was called Operation Little Vittles.
	www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil /airchronicles/bookrev/miller1.html (655 words)

	The Berlin Airlift
		The Berlin airlift was preceded by nearly three years of constant tension and sniping by the Russians against the Western Allies in an attempt to drive them out of West Berlin and Western Germany by a variety of tactics, including searches, blocking transportation of even basic supplies to West Berlin and intimidating West German Civilians.
		The beginning of 1949 saw the tonnage of supplies flown into Berlin surpass all previous records, and the Russians began to realize that they had involved themselves in a dilemma from which there was no graceful retreat.
		By February 1949 the airlift was averaging a daily lift of 5,500 short tons.
	www.britains-smallwars.com /Cold-war/Berlin-Airlift.htm (3042 words)

	[No title]
		The aircraft was painted: “Last Vittles Flight, 1,783,572.7 tons to Berlin.” The final RAF airlift flight was on 5 September 1949.
		Each corridor was 20 miles wide and during the Airlift pilots had to take extreme care not to stray from them (to the map).
		During the Airlift, the northern corridor was flown by the British in both directions with the eastbound flights staying to the southern half and westbound flights staying to the north half.
	members.lycos.co.uk /Berlin_flightsim/BerlinAirlift.html (2143 words)

	Berlin Airlift (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		At the end of World War II, the city of Berlin, the former capital of Germany, although located in the eastern Soviet half was divided between and occupied by the wartime allies of the United States, Great Britain, France and the Soviet Union.
		West Berlin was occupied by the United States, Great Britain and France and East Berlin was occupied by the Soviets.
		In fact, the history of Berlin – the Berlin Blockade, the East Berlin uprising, the Berlin Quadripartite Agreement, and the rise and fall of the Berlin Wall – reflects the history of the cold war itself.
	www.washoe.k12.nv.us /americanhistory/pswforeignpolicydamron.htm (810 words)

	Berlin airlift on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Sweet Memories.(air pilot who dropped candy to children during the Berlin Airlift in 1948)(Brief Article)
		Berlin in tribute to heroes of the Airlift.
		Berlin airlift men back in the skies for big show.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/B/Berlinai.asp (395 words)

	Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The gigantic efforts put forth by the staff of the Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation to "wake up" this magnificent aircraft finally paid off on October 8, 1998, when "Deliverance" made its ferry flight across the Rocky Mountains, to Greybull, Wyoming.
		While the C-97 remains in Greybull, Wyoming, the main objective of the Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation is for the aircraft to be restored by a local company, Hawkins and Powers Aviation, Inc. A company that specializes in the restoration of historical aircraft.
		The Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation has been kind enough to put "Deliverance" on an on-loan status to the Museum of Flight and Aerial Firefighting for the duration of the aircraft's stay here in Greybull, Wyoming.
	www.tctwest.net /~flight/berlin.html (263 words)

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