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Topic: Berliner Records

	Berliner Gramophone Grammophon Phonograph Registry Project
		What Emile Berliner did was to invent a system of recording on flat discs from which a matrix could be made, and from which many copies of the original recording could be cheaply pressed.
		Berliner's discovery was patented on June 4th 1877, in essence what we know today as a microphone.
		Berliner made a trip to Germany 1889-90 and arranged for the first gramophones to be manufactured.
	www.berliner.netfirms.com (978 words)

	Columbia Records
		The changeover in North America was marked by two things: the introduction of a unique label, primarily in various metallic colours (bronze for popular records) and decorated by tricolour banners (and hence known as the "flag" label); and the change of record numbers from an A- prefix to a D- suffix.
		Certainly the Harmony records have a high quality of sound for acoustic recording, and Harmony was the last label to convert to electrical recording, using acoustically-cut masters into early 1930; both of these would tend to verify the possibility.
		In any case, the first records on the label in the U.S. were priced on the label at "Fifty cents, fifty-five cents west of the Rockies", while the first hundred-odd Canadian issues bore the equivalent legend, "Fifty cents, fifty-five cents west of Great Lakes" and a manufacturer's credit with a Toronto address.
	www.capsnews.org /barrcol.htm (2574 words)

	Berliner (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Berliner determined that the new instrument did not vibrate freely because the fibers of the wood under the bridge took much time to adjust to the uneven pressures transmitted by the strings through the bridge to the instruments body.
		Berliner employed the radio and distributed free educational literature on "scalding" milk to reduce the scourge of deadly diseases that killed one third of all children.
		Berliner, convinced that many infant's diseases were caused by the ingestion of raw milk, founded the "Society for the Prevention of Sickness" in 1891 and launched a widespread campaign for "scalding" milk before its ingestion.
	chem.ch.huji.ac.il /~eugeniik/history/berliner.html (5806 words)

	Gramophone, Phonograph, and Records - EnchantedLearning.com
		Records, used to record sound, were invented in 1877 by Thomas Alva Edison, who invented the first machine to record and play back sounds (the phonograph or record player).
		Edison's first phonograph used tin-covered cylinders to record vibrations of sound that were focused by a horn-like device onto a diaphragm; the diaphragm vibrated and transmitted the vibrations to a stylus (needle), which etched a helical groove onto a rotating cylinder covered with tin foil.
		By 1915, records rotated at a standard 78-rpm (rotations per minute) and were made of shellac (which is very fragile); they were 10 inches in diameter and recorded 4 minutes of sound.
	www.littleexplorers.com /inventors/page/r/records.shtml (364 words)

	The Victor Talking Machine Company (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The outstanding feature of this patent was not the disc form of record, as many have supposed, nor even the lateral cut, but the fact that the grooves, in hard material, guided the sound box across the record without supplementary mechanism.
		There was no assurance that the Berliner Company would be able to start up again at a reasonably early date, nor was there any probability of their being able to work out a consolidation of disc interests.
		Detailed records on the new company are not available, but the indications are that the volume may have been around a million dollars during the first fiscal year with a net of around $180,000.
	www.davidsarnoff.org /vtm-chapter4.htm (6368 words)

	Emile Berliner and the Birth of the Recording Industry: The Berliner Recordings
		Recorded in July and August 1894, presumably by ethnologist James Mooney, they are not the first recordings ever made of American-Indian music, but they are surely the earliest such recordings ever published.
		All band records, for instance, were numbered between 1 and 149, records by male singers had numbers between 150 and 199, and cornet and bugle recordings were numbered 200 through 249.
		Recording sessions were becoming lengthy and when a popular artist became available for work the company attempted to obtain as many recordings as possible.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/berlhtml/berlreco.html (1896 words)

	Emile Berliner Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Berliner's inventions led to audio recording and playback techniques that were in use throughout the twentieth century.
		When Berliner was still a teen, a friend of his father's who had recently immigrated to the United States, extended an invitation to come to Washington, D.C. and work in his store.
		Berliner was fascinated with the development of the helicopter and built three of his own models.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/emile-berliner (1497 words)

	Berliner Gramophone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Berliner Gramophone was an early record label, the first company to produce disc "gramophone records" (as opposed to the earlier phonograph cylinder records).
		At first use of his disc records were leased to various toy companies, which made toy phonographs or gramophones to play them on; the audio fidelity of these earliest discs was well below that of contemporary phonograph cylinder records.
		Early recordings were imported from masters recorded in the United States until a recording studio in Montreal was established in 1906.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Berliner_Gramophone (310 words)

	Centenary of Indian Gramophone Records
		In 1959, an LP record plant was established at the Dum Dum factory of Gramophone Company and it was inagurated by Pt Ravishankar in May. The first LP record was released in June.
		Although the recording activity began with the cylinder recordings, the major portion of the records was issued on breakable shellac 78rpm format.
		The earliest record of Indian music was recorded in 1899 in London whereas the first records were cut at Calcutta in 1902.
	www.mustrad.org.uk /articles/indcent.htm (5388 words)

	Emile Berliner and the Birth of the Recording Industry: The Gramophone
		Berliner continued to patent improvements to his gramophone throughout the remainder of the century and even into the early years of the twentieth century, by which time he had lost control over his gramophone business.
		Berliner agreed, and as a consequence, for several years five-inch "Berliner Grammophon" records were manufactured in Germany and a number of them were exported to England.
		One of the few existing catalogs of their records, in the Library of Congress's collections, shows that a Wonder record was simply a copy of a Berliner record but with the numeral "1" added to the disc number.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/berlhtml/berlgramo.html (3319 words)

	Mutant Frog Travelogue: Berliner's Gramaphone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Recording and playing with a paper cup and a cotton needle, anyone can easily make original records.
		This is because if during the course of making a record even a mere 0.5mm of shake occurs, then there will be an effect on the state of the recording.
		Due to the setting of the mount when recording, differences in those setting may make gaps between the grooves will be large and repair will be difficult.
	www.eden.rutgers.edu /~royb/2004/06/berliners-gramaphone (672 words)

	Pirates of the high Cs
		The copyright office continually refused to register copyrights on records, on the grounds that records were not a writing within the terms of the copyright law.
		Some records might sound better than others because of their placement in the studio or the way in which the recording engineer adjusted the recording stylus, but the records were all originals.
		Record researcher George Paul discovered a series of Zon-o-Phone records so identical to Berliner’s records that they appear to have been pressed from the same matrices.
	www.intertique.com /PiratesOfTheHighCs.htm (1650 words)

	Berliner Records
		The first issues, like the U.S. Berliners in size and often in musical content, were 7-inch records which, unlike their earlier American counterparts, had a brown and gold paper label.
		The initial records (or at least the initial numbers) were all European-recorded French-language sides; however, the French records were shortly thereafter assigned to the 120/130500 block, and then made obsolete by Montreal-recorded material after 1918.
		Although the French records are seldom found in Ontario, the 120-130000 series records turn up often enough to indicate that material from "The Old Country" proved quite popular with British and Scottish record buyers.
	www.capsnews.org /barrber.htm (988 words)

	Giancoli, Physics : Principles with Applications, 5/E Chapter 12 -- Applications
		Berliner records sound on a disc rather than a cylinder.
		The new recordings are more durable than the old cylinders, they give sound of greater volume and they not need a feed screw since the grooves are deep enough to guide the stylus.
		He bought the rights to Berliner patents and in 1901 with Berliner as a minor partner formed the Victor Talking Machine Co. In the meantime Columbia developed a similar process but instead of starting a patent war the two companies cross-licensed their technologies.
	cwx.prenhall.com /giancoli/chapter12/essay2/deluxe-content.html (809 words)

	Berliner Gramophone Records — www.greenwood.com
		This is the first discography assembled of the first disc recordings in the United States.
		Their physical properties are noted and illustrated with photographs of the records.
		This volume will be of interest to gramophone record collectors, record archives, and music libraries, as well as to scholars, music students, and buffs.
	www.greenwood.com /catalog/GR9217.aspx (273 words)

	Emile Berliner's Disc (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Emile Berliner immigrated to the United States from Germany in 1870 at age nineteen.
		No one seems to know exactly when Berliner started work on the gramophone, but his first patent for a disk machine was September 26, 1887.
		In 1894 Berliner founded the United States Gramophone Company, manufacturing records in a process roughly similar to today's record manufacturing process.
	www.proaxis.com /~settlet/record/Berliner.html (146 words)

	S. Berliner, III's Emile Berliner Continuation Page 1
		Page 82 (set off) - The "miracle" that Berliner had to show them was the membrane of a toy drum with a common sewing needle firmly adjusted through it, a steel dress-button, and a guitar string-the chrysalis, though few believed it, of the telephone transmitter.
		More than 100 sound recordings from the Berliner Gramophone Co. are featured on the site, demonstrating the various genres produced in the 1890s, including band music, instrumentals, comedy, spoken word, popular songs, opera, and foreign-language songs.
		More than 145,000 recordings of mu{s}sic representing the cultural heritage of many cultures all over the world excluding Western Art and Pop music are stored on completely different sound carriers such as Edison-phonograms, analog and digital tapes, and all kinds of discs (from 78 shellac discs to LPs and CDs).
	berliner-ultrasonics.home.att.net /berleml1.html (2388 words)

	History of the Gramophone-Emile Berliner
		This kit gives you the ability to follow in Emile Berliner's footsteps and create an actual working gramophone recorder/player.
		It actually etches and records sound right into the surface of what ever suitable material you place on it.
		Exchange audio messages through the mail with another owner by recording on a postcard.
	www.neatstuff.net /records/Gramophone-History.html (620 words)

	1899 in music - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		- Eugene Stratton with piano Leslie Stuart on Berliner Gramophone
		- Syria Lamonte with piano Fred Gaisberg on Berliner Gramophone
		- Len Spencer on Berliner Records and Columbia Records
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/1899_in_music (512 words)

	Powell's Books - Discographies #60: Berliner Gramophone Records: American Issues, 1892-1900 by Paul Charosh
		A Discography of 78 RPM Era Recordings of the Horn: Solo and Chamber Literature with Commentary
		The Dial Recordings of Charlie Parker: A Discography
		Brunswick Records (4 Vols): A Discography of Recordings, 1916-1931
	www.powells.com /biblio?isbn=0313292175 (684 words)

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