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	Bernard Lyot
		Bernard Ferdinand Lyot was born in Paris on 27 February 1897.
		Lyot's first astronomical researches aimed at measuring the polarization of sunlight reflected from moons and planets, in order to infer something of their surface's composition.
		Lyot himself noted the surprising width of these lines, a crucial clue toward the realization that the coronal gas is very much hotter that hitherto believed.
	www.hao.ucar.edu /Public/education/bios/lyot.html (356 words)

	The Bruce Medalists: Bernard Lyot
		After studying engineering at l’École Supérieure d'Électricité in Paris, Bernard Lyot assisted the physicist Alfred Pérot at l'École Polytechnique.
		An expert in optics, Lyot constructed a polariscope of unprecedented sensitivity to investigate the polarization of light reflected from the planets.
		Gros, Monique, “Bernard Lyot (1897-1952),” l’Astronomie 112, 8-12 (1998).
	www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu /BruceMedalists/Lyot (367 words)

	Lake County Astronomical Society NightTimes
		Bernard Lyot was born in France on February 27, 1897, to Dr. Constant Lyot, a Paris surgeon and his wife Alice.
		Throughout the 1930s Lyot made improvements on the coronagraph by increasing the diameter and focal length of the object lens and he added a sophisticated monochromatic filter.
		In 1935 Lyot demonstrated for the first time that the corona could be photographed and he observed the rotation of the corona in synchrony with the Sun.
	www.bpccs.com /lcas/Articles/lyot.htm (742 words)

	Hivernage Concordia Winterover
		The coronograph concept was invented by Bernard Lyot in the 30's to observe the solar corona, very faint and difficult to detect in the intense solar light.
		Lyot had the idea to place an opaque mask on a Sun image at the focus of a telescope.
		The remaining of the optical bench is made of lenses and a diaphram (the Lyot-Stop) blocking the light rejected on the pupil edges by the phase mask.
	www-luan.unice.fr /~aristidi/hivernage/Manips/corona.html (1161 words)

	The Lyot Project
		The coronagraph was invented by the French astronomer Bernard Lyot in 1939 (Figure 1), to enable astronomers to observe the hot gas (the corona) surrounding from the Sun without having to wait for total solar eclipses.
		Although the Lyot Project, named to honor Lyot's work, will use a "stellar coronagraph" to image faint objects surrounding other stars rather than their coronae, the technique is essentially the same.
		The next stage of the coronagraph is the Lyot stop, which blocks out the remaining rings of light from the central star whilst allowing most of the light from surrounding sources to pass through to the final image, created by a final lens.
	lyot.org /background/coronagraphy.html (371 words)

	The American Museum of Natural History - AstroBulletin - Universe - Building an eclipse machine
		Lyot's coronagraph was basically an opaque disc; it blocked out the Sun, and the luminous ring of gas became visible.
		The Lyot Project Coronagraph, as it is known, is taking form on the sixth floor of the Museum's Rose Center for Earth and Space, in a dust-proof "clean room" designed specially for the construction of delicate stargazing instruments.
		Creating the Lyot Project Coronagraph was quite a design challenge, requiring a team of at least ten scientists from the American Museum of Natural History, the University of California at Berkeley, the University of Hawaii, Caltech, and the Space Telescope Science Institute.
	astrobulletin.amnh.org /A/1/2/index.html (1122 words)

	Photonics.com Printer Friendly View (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Developed in the early 20th century by the French scientist Bernard Lyot, a simple Lyot filter consists of a birefringent crystal between two polarizers placed at 45° to the optical axis of the birefringent material, so the entering light is divided evenly between ordinary and extraordinary polarizations.
		A Lyot filter, therefore, produces a comb of frequencies, and the separation between the "teeth" of the comb depends on the length of the birefringent crystal.
		In this case, the researchers constructed the Lyot filter by substituting a 5.77-m length of polarization-maintaining fiber for the birefringent crystal.
	www.photonics.com /printerFriendly.aspx?contentID=77425 (365 words)

	Today in Technology History - Apr 2
		In 1930, another Frenchman, Bernard Ferdinand Lyot, invented a device called the "coronagraph" which focused the light of the Sun so the corona could be studied without waiting for an eclipse.
		Lyot used his coronagraph to make important discoveries about the rotation and composition of the corona.
		Lyot, who had also done important research relating to Mars, Venus and the Moon, was born in 1897.
	www.tecsoc.org /pubs/history/2002/apr2.htm (326 words)

	Bernard lyot - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Start the Bernard lyot article or add a request for it.
		Look for "Bernard lyot" in Wiktionary, our sister dictionary project.
		Look for "Bernard lyot" in the Wikimedia Commons, our repository for free images, music, sound, and video.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/bernard_lyot (123 words)

	Coronagraph Summary
		Invented by the French optician Bernard Lyot, the coronagraph uses small disks to produce an artificial solar eclipse.
		With such a device, Lyot succeeded in 1930 in obtaining a spectrum of the corona from the Pic du Midi Observatory in the Pyrenees, where glare in the Earth's atmosphere was reduced to a minimum.
		Lyot also developed an elaborate filter that gave separate images in a number of important spectrum lines.
	www.shvoong.com /science/403641-coronagraph (213 words)

	AMNH Research \| Astrophysics - The Lyot Project
		The Lyot Project is a multifaceted research and development program based at the American Museum of Natural History.
		The project is named to honor Bernard Ferdinand Lyot (1897-1952), inventor of the solar coronagraph, an instrument which on 12 July 1931 acquired the first images of the Sun's corona without a solar eclipse.
		The Lyot Project's initial goal has now been achieved: the construction, deployment and use of the world's first coronagraph optimized for, and operating at, the diffraction limit of a telescope (a direct extension of Lyot's original idea to its physical limit in application to imaging the regions around stars other than the Sun).
	research.amnh.org /astrophysics/research/researchprojects/lyotproject (260 words)

	NASA - Sun-Earth Day - Technology Through Time
		Bernard Lyot sitting at his Coronagraph at the Pic du Midi observatory in France ca 1939.
		For thousands of years, humans had stared at the sun during total eclipses, marveling and even trembling at the halo of greenish light that surrounded the flness like the iris of some malevolent eye.
		In 1930, Bernard Lyot (1897-1952) invented an instrument that allowed total solar eclipses to be recreated at will, and at a time and place of human choosing.
	sunearthday.nasa.gov /2006/locations/coronagraph.php (552 words)

	How Coronagraphy Facilitates the Search for Exoplanets
		In his January 4 AAA lecture, "The Lyot Project: When Will We See Some Exoplanets?" Oppenheimer, assistant curator in the Department of Astrophysics at the American Museum of Natural History, described the coronagraph built for this three-year project and the difficulties in trying to view these faint extrasolar objects.
		French astronomer Bernard Lyot invented the coronagraph in 1939.
		Oppenheimer and his colleagues in the Lyot project have constructed the world's first optimized, defraction-limited stellar coronagraph at AMNH's Astrophysics Laboratory, and have since deployed the instrument to the Air Force Advanced Electro-Optical System (AEOS) facility in Maui.
	www.aaa.org /aaaeye0503art1.htm (691 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In addition to the occulting mask of earlier decices, Lyot's coronagraph included a second mask which has come to be known as the Lyot Stop.
		The Lyot Stop was the key to the success of the coronagraph and finally made it possible to image the corona without an eclipse.
		It turns out that this idea can be applied not only to the sun, but also to stars, where astronomers are interested in looking for faint objects very close to the star.
	www.phy.mtu.edu /seniorarch/jdrogers/history_co.html (410 words)

	Télescope Bernard Lyot - Pic du Midi (USR5026)
		NARVAL vient d'être installé sur le Télescope Bernard Lyot[1](TBL) au sommet du Pic du Midi.
		Le Télescope Bernard Lyot vient d'être équipé du spectropolarimètre NARVAL, le frère jumeau d'ESPaDOnS.
		NARVAL[4] est un projet mené par l'équipe technique du Télescope Bernard Lyot et par le Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes; il a bénéficié de l'expertise scientifique et technique unique au monde que l'équipe de recherche Toulousaine a accumulée dans le domaine de la spectropolarimétrie astronomique depuis maintenant une décennie.
	bagn.obs-mip.fr /tbl/www.tbl.narval_CP.html (898 words)

	Bernard Lyot Bibliography
		Lyot, Bernard, “Polarization of the Moon and of the Planets Mars and Mercury,” Comptes rendus de l’Académie des Sciences 178, 1796-98 (1924).
		Lyot, Bernard, “Étude de la Couronne Solaire en dehors des Éclipses,” Zeitschrift für Astrophysik 5, 73-95(1932).
		Lyot, Bernard, “The Study of the Solar Corona and Prominences without Eclipses (George Darwin Lecture, 1939),”; MNRAS 99, 580-94 (1939).
	www.sonoma.edu /hosts/physastro/brucemedalists/Lyot/LyotRefs.html (431 words)

	AstroStart.nl - Geschiedenis van Einstein tot Spoetnik
		1947: Bernard Lovell en zijn groep maken de Jodrell Bank 218 voet onbestuurbare radiotelescoop af.
		Bernard Lovell en zijn groep maken de Jodrell Bank 250-voet stuurbare radiotelescoop af.
		Peter Scheuer publiceert zijn P(D) methode voor het verkrijgen van informatie van tot dan toe onopgeloste bronnen.
	www.astrostart.nl /1900.php (716 words)

	Science Museum - Eclipse! (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Photograph of the Solar Corona taken with a Cronograph by Bernard Lyot in 1936 at the Pic Du Midi Observatory in the French Pyrenees.
		In the 20th century International eclipse expeditions continued, but their importance diminished as the nature of the solar atmosphere was revealed.
		Here Bernard Lyot developed the coronagraph in 1930, a specially modified telescope which allowed the solar corona to be seen at times other than during an eclipse of the Sun.
	www.sciencemuseum.org.uk /on-line/eclipse/exhibition/twenty.asp (466 words)

	NARVAL -- The first observatory dedicated to stellar magnetism
		NARVAL, a stellar spectropolarimeter, has recently been installed on the 2 meter diameter Bernard Lyot Telescope (INSU-CNRS) at the summit of the Pic du Midi in the French Pyrenees.
		Like its twin brother, ESPaDOnS, which equips the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (INSU-CNRS, National Research Council of Canada, University of Hawaii), it is an astronomical instrument specially designed and optimized to study the magnetic fields of stars and, more specifically, their effects on the life of the stars and the planets that surround them.
		Thanks to NARVAL, the Bernard Lyot Telescope is now the leading observatory in the world dedicated to this type of study.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2007-02/c-ntf020807.php (457 words)

	Spirit of Lyot 2007 - UC Berkeley - June 4-8, 2007 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Lyot's visit to Pasadena, California in the '50s.
		The primary theme of synergy between technical innovation and science breakthrough is symbolized by Bernard Lyot, inventor of the coronagraph.
		Our goal is to create an environment that will bring together instrumentalists and research astronomers who might naturally attend separate conferences.
	astro.berkeley.edu /~kalas/lyot2007/Welcome.html (193 words)

	Colloquium: An Optical Vortex Coronagraph by Dr. David Palacios - Worcester Events Calendar - Social Web
		A coronagraph is a device used to block light from a star so nearby objects may be seen.
		Bernard Lyot first used such a device in 1939 to block the intense glare of the sun so that the solar corona could be imaged.
		Similarly, an optical vortex coronagraph opens a dark window in the glare of a distant star so nearby terrestrial sized planets and exo-zodiacal dust may be detected.
	www.socialweb.net /Events/26514.lasso (292 words)

	Amazon.com: "Bernard Lyot": Key Phrase page (Site not responding. Last check: )
		See all pages with references to Bernard Lyot.
		"Artificial Eclipses: Bernard Lyot and the Coronagraph, 1929-1939" Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences 14 (1994): 337-394.
		In 1930 Bernard Lyot, one of the 20th century's most productive astronomers, installed the first coronagraph on the peak, a special telescope he had...
	www.amazon.com /phrase/Bernard-Lyot (497 words)

	Era: Solar Telescopes
		In 1930, the French astronomer Bernard Lyot came up with another device that helped scientists study both the Sun and objects nearby.
		The coronagraph uses a disk to block much of the light from the Sun, revealing features that would otherwise be erased by the bright glare.
		Solar telescopes are ordinary reflecting telescopes that use special instruments to observe the Sun.
	amazing-space.stsci.edu /resources/explorations/groundup/lesson/eras/solar/page4.php (217 words)

	Bernard Lyot Information
		Bernard Ferdinand Lyot (February 27 1897 in Paris – April 2 1952 in Cairo) was a French astronomer.
		He soon acquired a 4-inch telescope and soon upgraded to a 6-inch.
		View a list of authors or edit this article.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Bernard_Lyot (217 words)

	Pic du Midi : Visite du Pic du Midi
		Et, à des années-lumière de votre quotidien terrestre, vous laisserez votre esprit s’embarquer vers le firmament en contemplant des photographies du plus profond de l’univers apprivoisé par le plus grand télescope de France (télescope Bernard Lyot).
		En 1930, Bernard Lyot y installait le premier Coronographe pour nous dévoiler les caractéristiques de la couronne solaire, les jets de matière, les protubérances qui culminent à plusieurs centaines de milliers de kilomètres et qui atteignent une température de deux millions de degrés.
		Bernard Lyot en 1937 - Image du coronographe
	www.picdumidi.com /html/_3_4_72_.php (673 words)

	What’s Up - 365 Days of Skywatching » 2007 » February
		Born in 1897, Lyot went on to become the inventor of the coronagraph in 1930.
		By all accounts, Lyot was a wonderful and generous man who sadly died of a heart attack when returning from a trip to view a total eclipse.
		Tonight’s bright skies are brought to you by the Moon!
	www.astrowhatsup.com /2007/02 (2554 words)

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