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Topic: Berry phase

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	Berry's geometric phase: a review
		This dynamical phase is not geometrical: it depends on the speed at which the parameterized path is followed, and on the arbitrary choice of a "zero phase" (technically called a gauge choice) at each point along the path.
		Indeed the Berry phase for a transport along a sphere diameter yields a Berry phase of 2π, i.e.
		The Berry phase is observed by following a nontrivial loop in the parameters space, and performing some kind of interference between the state prior and after the loop.
	www.mi.infm.it /manini/berryphase.html (3082 words)

	Phase
		Phase diagram A phase diagram or phase space is a useful construct used in physics to demonstrate and visualise the chan...
		Phase inversion A phase inversion is the introduction of a waveform.
		Phase velocity The phase velocity of a wave vector k by Note that the phase velocity is not necessarily the same as the...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/phase.html (1000 words)

	Berry phase - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In quantum mechanics, the Berry phase is a phase acquired by quantum states when subjected to adiabatic processes, resulting from the geometrical properties of the parameter space of the Hamiltonian.
		The Berry phase occurs when both parameters are changed simultaneously but very slowly (adiabatically), and eventually brought back to the initial configuration.
		This phase difference is the Berry phase, and its occurrence typically indicates that the system's parameter dependence is singular (undefined) for some combination of parameters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Berry_phase (381 words)

	Berry phase -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Berry phase occurs when both parameters are changed simultaneously but very slowly (adiabatically), and eventually brought back to the initial (An arrangement of parts or elements) configuration.
		This phase difference is the Berry phase, and its occurrence typically indicates that the system's parameter dependence is (The form of a word that is used to denote a singleton) singular (undefined) for some combination of parameters.
		To (How much there is of something that you can quantify) measure the Berry phase in a wave system, an (The act of hindering or obstructing or impeding) interference (The act of conducting a controlled test or investigation) experiment is required.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/be/berry_phase.htm (387 words)

	Berry phase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Berry phase is the case in which both parameters are changed simultaneously but very slowly (adiabatically), andeventually brought back to the initial configuration.
		This phase difference is called Berry phase, and its occurrence typically indicates that the system's parameter dependence is singular (undefined) for some combination ofparameters.
		This mechanics analogueof the Berry phase is known as the Hannay angle.
	www.therfcc.org /berry-phase-84934.html (275 words)

	TAU Quantum Group - Topological Effects in Quantum Mechanics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Berry found, in this phase, a part with the same mathematical (gauge) structure as the AB and AC phases: it is the integral of an effective vector potential along a closed path (in the space of parameters).
		Generalizations of the AB phase to nonabelian gauge theories, such as the Wilson and 't Hooft loops, are important tools for studying the issues of confinement and spontaneous symmetry breaking.
		Topological quantum phases are crucial in explaining superconductivity, the quantum Hall effect, the Josephson junction, flux quantization and many effects in the new field of mesoscopic physics, where tiny electronic circuits exhibit quantum behavior.
	www.tau.ac.il /~quantum/publicat/topo-effects.html (1118 words)

	Berry phase (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Berry phase is the case in both parameters are changed simultaneously but very (adiabatically) and eventually brought back to the configuration.
		This phase difference is called Berry phase its occurrence typically indicates that the system's dependence is singular (undefined) for some combination of parameters.
		To measure the Berry phase in a wave an interference experiment is required.
	www.freeglossary.com /Berry_phase (353 words)

	Nugget - 2002 - IRG 1
		In 1984, Michael Berry showed that the electron’s wave function, instead of recovering its initial form, acquires a phase shift (the Berry phase).
		Shayegan and students have recently achieved a particularly clean demonstration of the Berry phase for electrons in the two-dimensional gas trapped in a micron-sized conducting ring (left figure).
		The phase shift is known as the Aharonov-Bohm or AB effect.
	www.princeton.edu /~pccm/nugget-2002-berry.htm (539 words)

	[No title]
		Accordingly, under Berry, proof of a prior conviction is admissible during the guilt phase of a bifurcated trial if it is either: (1) an element of the offense charged, or (2) a required predicate for enhanced punishment.
		The Berry decision dealt with the issue whether a defendant's prior narcotics convictions under Code 18.2-248 were properly admitted to the jury during the guilt phase of the bifurcated trial in a third narcotics prosecution under Code 18.2-248.
		In Berry, we relied upon this inclusion of the penalty enhancement in the same statute which creates the substantive crime in determining that the penalty enhancement was an element of the offense.
	www.courts.state.va.us /opinions/opncavtx/1734034.txt (12795 words)

	ILL : ANNUAL REPORT 2000
		Their relative phase change can be related to geometric measurable quantities that extend the familiar concept of Berry phase to the evolution of more than one state.
		Berry's phase is almost ubiquitous in present-day physics, and it has been a fruitful tool for interpreting disparate physical phenomena.
		The off-diagonal geometric phase is indeed a similar probe for the presence of degeneracies.
	www.ill.fr /AR-00/p-76.htm (1163 words)

	Quantum Research Institute Visitor Symposia 5/9/02 Fuentes-Guridi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Geometric phases in quantum theory attracted interest from a wide variety of fields since Berry [1] showed that the state of a quantum system slowly varying in such way that it eventually returns to its initial form, acquires a purely geometric feature (called the Berry phase) in addition to the usual dynamical phase.
		We analyze such experiment in a fully quantized context and give an expression for the geometric phase of a joint state of the particle and field that, as expected, reduces to the standard Berry phase in the high amplitude limit of a coherent state of the field.
		Using a scheme designed to det3ect the Berry phase of the joint state of a harmonic oscillator and a two level system using an ion trap [8], it is possible to measure this vacuum induced phase.
	www.lanl.gov /physics/qri/qri_abstracts_2002/05_09_02_fuentes.html (722 words)

	Encyclopedia: Matter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		These phenomena are called phase transitions, and their energetics are studied in the field of thermodynamics.
		In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i.
		In physics, a phase transition is the transformation of a thermodynamic system from one phase to another.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Matter (1256 words)

	Berry phase - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Advances in Chemical Physics, Geometric Structures of Phase Space in Multi-Dimensional Chaos, Part A. Socio-economic impact study of oil shale development in the Uintah Basin: Phase II of a two-phase impact analysis of proposed oil shale development : prepared for the White River Shale Project
		Phase behavior in binary and multicomponent systems at elevated pressures: n-pentane and methane-n-pentane (National Bureau of Standards, NSRDS-NBS 32)
		Baseline description of socio-economic conditions in the Uintah Basin: Phase I of a two-phase impact analysis of proposed oil shale development: prepared for the White River Shale Oil Project
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /berry_phase.htm (450 words)

	Prof. Berry - Chemistry Department - University of Chicago
		Its major topics include a) the phases and phase changes of small systems, b) the topographies of multidimensional potential surfaces and the dynamics these imply, and c) dynamics of proteins and their interactions.
		The phase behavior of small systems is very different from that of bulk phases.
		The "phases" of clusters are as much like components as they are phases.
	chemistry.uchicago.edu /fac/berry.shtml (757 words)

	State v. Berry, 356 NC 490 (389A01) 12/20/2002
		Defendant Kyle Berry was indicted for the first-degree murder of Margaret Theresa Fetter.
		Berry, I understand from your attorneys that in their openings and closings, you know, there may be statements made by them which could constitute an admission as to your participation in some of the events that are on trial here.
		In his closing argument at the guilt-innocence phase, defendant again argued through counsel that while the State may have proved an attempt to commit first-degree murder, he should be found not guilty or, at most, guilty of second-degree murder.
	www.aoc.state.nc.us /www/public/sc/opinions/2002/389-01-1.htm (10007 words)

	Chaste Berry Helps Women Become Pregnant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Chaste berry (Vitex agnus-castus) is a very useful herbal treatment for infertile women where the cause of infertility is ovulatory dysfunction.
		The effect of chaste berry was studied on 45 infertile women aged between 23 and 39.
		After three months of treatment, chaste berry was considered to be successful in 39 out of the 45 cases.
	www.searchspa.com /HEALTH_4.html (453 words)

	Spotlight: Shifting, shining
		If the peaks are in phase one sees a higher net peak as the energies of each wave add together.
		One might say that Berry has unwoven the rainbow a little further than Sir Isaac Newton ever did with his prisms and shafts of light in a darkened room.
		Berry is showing that phase singularities lie at the heart of a most beautiful and relaxing natural phenomenon.
	www.psigate.ac.uk /spotlight/issue8/shifting.html (428 words)

	Berry Phase Animations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The phase of the applied EM field is slowly varied and this leads the axes to precess.
		The geometric phase due to the precession results in a differential phase shift between the Bloch vectors respresenting the state of the target qubit depending on the state of the control qubit.
		In this animation, the differential phase shift is 180 degrees after 2 rotations of the Hamitonian.
	www.qubit.org /research/Theory/anim.html (179 words)

	Enhanced Electron Pairing in a Lattice of Berry Phase Molecules (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		We show that electron hopping in a lattice of molecules possessing a Berry phase naturally leads to pairing.
		In the resulting model electron hopping must be accompanied by orbital operators, whose function is to switch on and off the Berry phase as the electron number changes.
		The pairing may be explained as resulting from the exchange of singlet pairs of orbital excitations, and is intimately connected with the extra degeneracy implied by the Berry phase when the electron number is odd.
	flux.aps.org /meetings/BAPSMAR95/abs/SF1205.html (212 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The generic Berry phase scenario in which a two-level system is coupled to a second system whose dynamical coordinate is slowly varying is generalized to allow for stochastic evolution of the slow system.
		This, then, is the natural arena for the Berry phase, which is calculated for the general case, and exemplified for the simple case J=1 describing the polarization of light.
		The local variation of the magnetic quantization axis induces a geometric or Berry's phase that allows the atoms to acquire an effective gauge charge interacting with the analog of a magnetic solenoid.
	itamp.harvard.edu /geometric.html (2832 words)

	State Spending Needs Intrude On Phase II Wireless E911 - 3/1/2003 - Wireless Week - CA279538 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Funds intended to finance the deployment of Phase II capabilities by public safety answering points frequently are being used for other purposes, either because of loosely organized state funding mechanisms or the outright diversion of that money by cash-strapped governments.
		This is occurring as carriers move further into their Phase II deployments, in the wake of FCC discipline against some–including fines topping a total of $3 million against ATandT Wireless and Cingular Wireless for failing to meet Phase II milestones last year.
		Berry's higher profile precludes raids by money-seeking lawmakers, as the millions of dollars in funds are secured not by a faceless bureaucrat in a back office but a highly visible, elected official who makes a point of telling the public how important E911 systems are.
	www.wirelessweek.com /article/CA279538?spacedesc=Features&stt=001 (2018 words)

	MUMMY BERRY FACT SHEET
		Mummy berry caused by Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi is a fungal disease of major importance in the northern and southern highbush blueberry regions, where it causes considerable damage to the fruit.
		The fungus overwinters in mummified berries that have fallen to the ground.
		With moisture in the spring, these mummified berries produce small, brown, cup-shaped fruiting bodies that produce spores carried by the wind and insects to the young, succulent shoots.
	tbma.sfasu.edu /education/mummyberry.htm (1407 words)

	Layman's summary of Berry phase research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Berry phase, so called because it was discovered by Michael Berry in 1984, is a concept crucial to our understanding of many quantum mechanical effects.
		Phase is a basic property of all waves, for example the difference in phase between two waves determines whether they interfere constructively or destructively.
		Berry phase is a special phase that the particle acquires if it is forced to slowly rotate.
	mpej.unige.ch /~whitney/layman2.html (750 words)

	Cornell News: Physicist Sir Michael Berry lectures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		ITHACA, N.Y. -- Sir Michael Berry, the Royal Society Research Professor at Bristol University, returns to Cornell University in his role as an A.D. White Professor-at-Large to meet with students and faculty and present several lectures that are free and open to the public.
		Particularly, his discovery of the geometric phase (called the Berry phase) has had a profound impact on areas ranging from quantum physics to light pipes.
		Berry also has done extensive work in the field of optics from the mathematics of caustics to the physiology of vision, including the comparative ability of the eye to discriminate color and contrast.
	www.news.cornell.edu /releases/April00/Sir.Berry.PAL.rel.html (281 words)

	Berry's Phase in Manganese Oxides, Physics Research Highlights, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
		In manganese oxides that exhibit large (so-called colossal) magnetoresistive effects, the electrons that hop from one manganese atom to the next must rotate their quantum mechanical spin from being parallel to the magnetic moment of the starting atom to align with the atom to which they are hopping.
		As a consequence, these electrons also accumulate a Berry phase when the magnetic moments are imperfectly aligned, as they are at temperatures where the magneto-resistance is observed.
		Professor Myron Salamon (experiment) and Professor Paul Goldbart (theory) have found, for the first time, that the existence of the Berry phase is immediately observable through the behavior of the Hall effect, which results here predominantly from the effect of an external magnetic field on the magnetization.
	www.physics.uiuc.edu /Research/Highlights/Berrys.htm (316 words)

	U. of I. Physicist Named IOP Honorary Fellow
		The awards were presented by Sir Gareth Roberts, the president of the IOP, a learned society for professional physicists charged by British Royal Charter to "promote the advancement and dissemination of a knowledge of and education in the science of physics, pure and applied." The IOP is celebrating its 125th anniversary.
		Berry is a Royal Society Research Professor at the University of Bristol and has made fundamental contributions to the understanding of the foundations of quantum physics.
		In particular, he discovered the geometrical quantum phase, now known as the Berry phase.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1999-01/UoIa-UoIP-210199.php (430 words)

	Berry Phase in the Molecular System H3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		``Berry phase'' is then interpreted as holonomy associated to parallel translation in the usual sense of differential geometry.
		Berry Phase in the Molecular System H3, original version, November, 2003.
		Berry Phase in the Molecular System H3, amended version (Feb. 13, 2004).
	www.math.sc.edu /~dix/wu/index.html (711 words)

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