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Topic: Besht

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	Yisroel ben Eliezer (The Baal Shem Tov) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In fact, Besht took sides with the Talmudists in the disputes with Frankists (Jacob Frank's followers) and was even one of the three delegates of the Talmudists to a disputation between the two parties held at Lemberg in 1759.
		Besht did not combat the practice of rabbinical Judaism; it was the spirit of the practice which he opposed.
		Besht's miraculous power was so great that he did not fear even the brigands who lived in the mountains but dwelt carefree in their vicinity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Baal_Shem_Tov (3747 words)

	MassLive News - Antenna hearing heats up (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Besht argued that the Fire District officials should step down because they did not disclose at an informational session on the proposal this summer that one of the experts who said radiation from the antennas was safe had been paid by Sprint to speak.
		Constant told Besht that if the board allows commentary on health concerns and then votes against allowing the antennas to be installed, the decision could be challenged on the grounds that health played a role in the board's decision.
		Besht also asked at the beginning of the hearing that it be rescheduled so she may ask questions of Rosner, who is also a member of the Fire District 2 Prudential Committee.
	www.masslive.com /news/parchives/ho19ant.html (415 words)

	Torat HaLev - Leftorah \| Reflections from a Member of the Moral Minority (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Although the ‘realist’ aspect of the personality of the Besht was troubled by this, the scope of his teachings reflect his principled acceptance of this challenge.
		This union was augmented by the Besht to include all of one’s circumstances as expressions of Divine Providence [Hashgacha Pratit]; extending also to the exigencies of both, the state of exile and well as the circumstances of liberation [where pre-determined causality is transcended].
		In this connection it is worth noting the stories regarding the Besht as being the preferred conciliator of gentile arguments — and even for a pack of thieves — perhaps he justified them, or took responsibility for their theft, due to his realization of the vast inequity of his contemporary society.
	www.freewebs.com /tikkunolam/menachemkallus.htm (2017 words)

	Cafe Irreal #12: The Best of the Besht by Harry White
		The Besht's assistant, without even putting on a coat, opens the door of the synagogue and walks directly into Asher Friedman's kitchen which on ordinary days is on the outskirts of town.
		Only later when she goes to thank the Besht with a large bowl of kasha varnekes and is told that the man can see no one because he is sick with a terrible cold, only then does she remember the pool of water widening round his feet as she ran from his house.
		That was the last anyone on board heard from the Besht, except the lookout on the mast who became entranced by his song of praise to the Holy One, Blessed be He, as the small boat drifted through the narrow strait and disappeared behind the rocks.
	home.sprynet.com /~awhit/white_h.htm (1375 words)

	Hasidic Judaism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This democratization of Judaism attracted to the teachings of the Besht not only the common people, but also the scholars whom the rabbinical scholasticism and ascetic Kabbalah failed to satisfy.
		He gathered about him numerous disciples and followers, whom he initiated into the secrets of his teachings not by systematic exposition, but by means of sayings and parables.
		According to Besht, the essence of religion is in sentiment and not in reason.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hasidic_Judaism (4640 words)

	Nature and the Environment in Hasidic Sources
		The Besht's innovation was that he did not apply this only to people -- including the poor and humble -- but to all living creatures as well as the vegetative and inanimate spheres.
		The Besht was tolerant toward asceticism: "When a person wants to fast, he has to be careful not to undo what he wants to do, even if he knows that it is better to serve God in joy and without self-mortification, because it causes sadness.
		This is the opposite of the spiritual approach to eating advocated by the Besht at the beginning of this essay.
	www.jcpa.org /art/jep5.htm (7182 words)

	REFLECTIONS ON KING SOLOMON AND THE BUDDHA Chapt 18.
		In spite of that, the former arrendator traveled to see the Besht (acronym for Baal Shem Tov.) When the new arrendator learned about it he reported it to the master, saying "the former arrendator went to a sorcerer to enchant you." The master was angry with him and placed his son in prison.
		The Besht says follow me home and we'll do something, but before he gets home he learns or surmises that the son is in prison and recognizes that the crucial turning is near.
		The Besht's character is drawn in angular fashion in these tales; he is brief, laconic, he doesn't waste words, he doesn't explain himself.
	www.mcn.org /1/mcjc/mjoldart/solbud/mjair0218.htm (1441 words)

	Deviant Jews – Praying to the Dead
		Perhaps you have no obligation to believe the Lubavitcher Rebbe or the Besht were prophets, but those who witnessed their prophecies and miracles have such an obligation.
		Furthermore, to suggest the Rebbe, the Besht or anyone is a prophet, never having produced the Torah’s required proofs of prophecy; you display a severe lack of adherence to the Torah, which destroys Torah.
		It is this: we must deny all stories of the Besht’s and the Rebbe’s miracles – of anyone’s miracles – (Jew or gentile) and follow what God intended through His miracles at Sinai: we are to follow only that which is “comprehensively proven in front of masses”.
	www.mesora.org /Besht.htm (1048 words)

	Life Stories: Shivhei Ha-Besht
		In attempting to fix the Besht's birthdate, however, Dubnow assumed that since the legend says that the Besht's father was taken captive in a war and the Besht was born after his safe return, "a time of turmoil preceded the birth of the founder of Hasidism and the child was born after peace returned.
		Whatever the Besht may have done during his lifetime, and whatever the content of these stories was during his lifetime or immediately after his death, what was preserved or altered or deleted or added was done so in the service of a vision that came along one or two generations later.
		In his editing of the text, the printer added the stories about the Besht's parents, his childhood, his gaining of esoteric knowledge, and his accession to leadership,(50) shaping the anthology so that the Besht could be viewed as an archetype of the nineteenth-century Hasidic rebbe at the head of his court.
	www.hasidicstories.com /Articles/Background_and_Sources/rosman1.html (6056 words)

	The Baal Shem Tov
		Israel ben Eliezer, the Baal Shem Tov, or BeSHT ("Possessor of the Good Name" or "Master of the Divine Name") was born in the Ukraine in 1700 and died in Podolia in 1760.
		Although on the one hand rebelling against dry orthodoxy, by teaching that God is best served and worshipped through singing and dancing, he also accepted the redemptive cosmology of Lurianic Kabbalah, and taught meditations involving the "raising of the sparks".
		The BeSHT's Hassidism was also, to a large extent, a reaction to and legitimization of the Sabbatian events of 1665-1666.
	www.kheper.net /topics/Kabbalah/Baal_Shem_Tov.htm (283 words)

	Life Stories: Gedolim Ma'aseh Zaddikim
		If the Besht was born around 1700, then he could have been a shohet in a village as early as the 1720s.
		There, as noted, the Besht was made to resemble a nineteenth-century zaddik with a pedigree, an inherited body of esoteric knowledge, and a court.
		By the time the Besht had been dead one hundred years, and Hasidism had spread and strengthened, it reflected well on the Margoliot family to have "discovered" the Besht back when he was an unknown.
	storypower.com /hasidic/Articles/Background_and_Sources/rosman2.html (1482 words)

	Baal Shem Tov Foundation - BaalShemTov.com
		The Besht then understood that there was a person who was writing down his Torah.
		The Besht must have said the words that were in the book because the student would certainly have not changed its words.
		When the Besht spoke, it was not the words that were important, instead it was the spiritual transmission that the Besht was delivering to the listeners through the words.
	www.baalshemtov.com /story18.htm (249 words)

	Judaism 101 - The Baal Shem Tov - A Glossary of Basic Jewish Terms and Concepts - OU.ORG (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Rabbi Israel ben Eliezer, also known by the acronym the Besht, was the founder of the Chassidic movement.
		Although little first-hand knowledge is known about the Besht, one source states that he spent much of his early years outside the traditional structure of Talmudic education, but did gain much knowledge of Jewish mysticism.
		As the Besht and his followers came soon after the episode of Shabtai Zvi, they met harsh opposition from traditionalists who feared another false messianic movement.
	www.ou.org /about/judaism/rabbis/baalshem.htm (217 words)

	[No title]
		The professor stood nearby, mesmerized by the sight, for the Besht's d'vkeut was truly astounding; his face literally glowed with the light of the Shechinah.
		As the Besht was leaving the tailor's house, the professor was still waiting outside, standing by the door; he could not bear to leave.
		As the Besht passed by him, he turned his head and gazed into the professor's eyes for just a moment, but that moment was like an eternity.
	www.baalshemtov.com /lightStories/AntisemiticProfessor.php (858 words)

	"Hope, Despair and Memory"--by Elie Wiesel
		For having tried to meddle with the history, the Besht was punished; banished along with his faithful servant to a distant land.
		Memory saved the Besht, and if anything can, it is memory that will save humanity.
		None of us is in a position to eliminate war, but it is our obligation to denounce it and expose it in all its hideousness.
	www.english.uiuc.edu /maps/holocaust/wiesel.htm (2361 words)

	A. J. Heschel: Love or Truth? \| The Shalom Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		By describing the relationships of these four men with the Ba’al Shem, he was able to dispel doubts that the Besht had actually lived, and was simply a figure of legend.
		At the center of the Besht’s teaching is the experience of Divine presence: the whole world filled with God’s glory.
		The Besht “rejected the traditional proposition that body and soul were engaged in bitter rivalry.
	www.shalomctr.org /node/1077 (3459 words)

	- - Jewish Thought E-Lectures Glossary - -
		The stories tell of the adventures of the Besht's elderly, barren parents, and how his birth was a miraculous reward for their good deeds.
		After his parents past away when he was still a child, the community sent him to study with the local melamed, but he would often find his way to the woods and meadows instead and so the community gave up on supporting his study.
		Hanah and her brother Rabbi Gershon of Kitov respected their father's wishes and the couple was married, but Rabbi Gershon, thinking the Besht was an unlearned simpleton, could not understand how his father had committed to such a marriage and wanted as little to do with the Besht as possible.
	hsf.bgu.ac.il /cjt/files/electures/gloss.htm (17803 words)

	The Baal Shem Tov's Mysterious Journey to Leipzig \| Chabad.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Besht finished drinking, recited the "after-blessing" with the same deliberate intensity, and then motioned for his pupil to return to the wagon.
		The Besht promised he would explain but because it was very late he wanted to begin to lead the afternoon prayers.
		After Shabbat, the Besht and his pupil bade their host farewell, boarded their wagon and in less than five hours were back home.
	www.chabad.org /library/article.asp?AID=54382 (1740 words)

	Welcome to University Press of New England
		But equally important, he challenges the popular myth of the Besht as a childlike mystic, wandering the fields in prayer, seeing visions and engaging in acts of godliness and piety.
		Indeed, according to Etkes, it was never the intention of the Besht to found a religious movement.
		Moshe Rosman, author of Founder of Hasidism, a biography of the Besht, claims that In Praise of the Besht—a volume published about the Besht in 1814, many years after his death, which portrayed his character by means of stories told by his close followers—could not be a reliable source.
	www.upne.com /1-58465-422-8.html (428 words)

	Founder of Hasidism
		Rosman has mapped the background of the life and activity of the Besht, using unknown material, penetrating analysis, and a broader perspective regarding Jewish history in Poland.
		As the progenitor of Hasidism, the Ba'al Shem Tov is one of the key figures in Jewish history; to understand him is to understand an essential element of modern Jewish life and religion.
		Much of what is believed about him is based on stories compiled more than a generation after his death, many of which serve to mythologize rather than describe their subject.
	www.ucpress.edu /books/pages/6663.html (519 words)

	The Besht
		The figure of the Ba’al Shem Tov (known in acronym form as the BeSHT)-the purported founder of the Hasidic movement-has fascinated scholars, Jewish philosophers, and laypeople interested in popular Jewish mysticism in general and the contemporary Hasidic movement in all its variety.
		Moshe Rosman, author of Founder of Hasidism, a biography of the Besht, claims that In Praise of the Besht-a volume published about the Besht in 1814, many years after his death, which portrayed his character by means of stories told by his close followers-could not be a reliable source.
		Immanuel Etkes has produced a major, highly erudite re-evaluation of the Besht that both clarifies and clearly contextualizes the work of many earlier scholars, and as well presents a well-documented and deeply learned portrait of the still-mysterious Israel Baal Shem Tov.
	www.brandeis.edu /institutes/tauber/besht.html (527 words)

	Yeshiva Ohr Tmimim - Torah Online - Parshiot - Behaalotecha - 5765
		The Besht began walking down the street followed by his entourage and stopped the first Jewish child he saw.
		The Besht entered one of them where some twenty children were seated and when the teacher noticed his entrance he immediately stood up, as did the children, and welcomed their holy visitor.
		Again the Besht asked each of the children their names ten replied Boruch Moshe and the rest had either Boruch or Moshe as their first names.
	www.ohrtmimim.org /Torah_Default.asp?id=815 (1681 words)

	The "Special Delivery" Letter \| Chabad.org
		The Besht then took a sheet of paper, wrote a few lines, put it in an envelope, sealed it, and handed it to Avigdor.
		In it the Besht introduced the "letter carrier" delivering the letter as a Jew who had once been quite a wealthy man, a successful merchant, but now in need of financial assistance.
		In conclusion the Besht added that in case he, Reb Tzadok, doubted whether the letter was genuine, the following two `signs' should dispel all his doubts: First, that this letter would be delivered to him on the very first day of his election to the position of parness-chodesh.
	www.chabad.org /library/article.asp?AID=1067 (2005 words)

	Yeshiva Ohr Tmimim - Torah Online - Parshiot - Vayak'hel - 5765
		But the Besht just smiled, assured him it would be all right and motioned for his followers to accompany him in.
		The Besht motioned to one of his entourage; a Chassid holding the hand of his small son, to step into the room and stand the boy on a nearby table.
		The Besht then walked to the nearby Synagogue followed by all the people and the entire episode with the gentiles was forgotten.
	www.ohrtmimim.org /Torah_Default.asp?id=754 (2004 words)

	Elie Wiesel - Nobel Lecture
		A Hasidic legend tells us that the great Rabbi Baal-Shem-Tov, Master of the Good Name, also known as the Besht, undertook an urgent and perilous mission: to hasten the coming of the Messiah.
		For having tried to meddle with history, the Besht was punished; banished along with his faithful servant to a distant island.
		And over again, each time more vigorously, more fervently; until, ultimately, the Besht regained his powers, having regained his memory.
	nobelprize.org /nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1986/wiesel-lecture.html (2465 words)

	Chassidism
		He also made note of supposed miracles performed by the Besht, specifically a case where he ignited icicles as candles because the Besht liked light.
		He could not be on a higher level than Moshe Rabbeinu, so therefore, as Moshe didn't perform miracles himself (God did it) hence, the Besht did not, and those stories Dr. lamm quotes about the besht igniting icicles for candles are complete lies.
		The mere fact that there are discussions whether the Rebbe is dead or not, or if he is Moshiach or not, or that he was able to tell the future or not, or that the Besht did miracles, is a clear indicator that Chassidic followers today are not in line with Torah ideology.
	www.mesora.org /chassidism.html (2548 words)

	Chasidic Tales-A Dartmouth College Hebrew Resource/Stories of the Baal Shem Tov: The Stolen Halter
		This particular tale teaches that a thief is not necessarily as bad as he appears, and may be impelled by pure motives.
		And it is by the moon's phases and renewal that the People of Israel are bidden to count their months and date their festivals.
		There is a parallel between kiddush levana -- 'seeing' the moon, the symbol of Israel -- and the Besht's 'seeing' the theft of the halter.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~chasidic/hebrew/baal_sh.html (474 words)

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