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Topic: Beta sheet

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	Beta-Pleated Sheet
		The beta sheet is often called pleated because sequentially neighboring carbon atoms are alternately above and below the plane of the sheet, resulting in a pleated appearance.
		Beta sheets are designated as parallel or antiparallel based on the relative direction of the two interacting beta strands.
		The side chains of the amino acids of a strand in a beta sheet are found on opposite sides of the sheet and don't interact with one another.
	www.angelfire.com /ak2/chemists/betasheet.html (293 words)

	Secondary Protein
		In the alpha helix, the polypeptide chain is coiled tightly in the fashion of a spring.
		This intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the beta-pleated sheet is in contrast to the intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the alpha-helix.
		The pleated sheet effect arises form the fact that the amide structure is planar while the "bends" occur at the carbon containing the side chain.
	www.elmhurst.edu /~chm/vchembook/566secprotein.html (660 words)

	Beta Particles \| Radiation Protection Program \| US EPA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Beta particles have a mass of 549 millionths of one atomic mass unit, or AMU, which is about 1/2000 of the mass of a proton or neutron.
		When the beta particle ejection doesn't rid the nucleus of the extra energy, the nucleus releases the remaining excess energy in the form of a gamma photon.
		Beta emitters are also used in a variety of industrial instruments, such as industrial thickness gauges, using their weak penetrating power to measure very thin materials.
	www.epa.gov /radiation/understand/beta.htm (1507 words)

	Untitled Document
		Beta strands are sequences generally 5-10 amino acids in length in which the bond angles along the peptide bond give rise to an extended conformation in which the amino acid side chains (R groups) point alternatively above and below the plane of the strand.
		Although in textbooks beta strands are generally drawn as linear and flat, in actual proteins they tend to have bends and adjacent strands tend to lie not in a single plane, but to take on a twist.
		By convention, beta strands are represented as broad yellow arrows in which the arrowhead is the carboxyl end of the peptide.
	ase.tufts.edu /biology/MolecVisual/bio13/rightbeta.html (729 words)

	beta-sheet pore
		EqtII is shown to be a single-domain protein based on a 12 strand beta sandwich fold with a hydrophobic core and a pair of alpha helices, each of which is associated with the face of a beta sheet.
		On the basis of gathered data, it is suggested that this segment forms the membrane pore, whereas the beta sandwich structure remains unaltered and attaches to a membrane as do other structurally related extrinsic membrane proteins or their domains.
		Upon interaction with lipid membranes a slight increase in the alpha-helical and beta-sheet structures was observed with a concomitant decrease of the unordered structure.
	lansbury.bwh.harvard.edu /beta_sheet_pore.htm (15878 words)

	Beta sheet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The β sheet (also β-pleated sheet) is the second form of regular secondary structure in proteins — the first is the alpha helix — consisting of beta strands connected laterally by three or more hydrogen bonds, forming a generally twisted, pleated sheet.
		The association of beta sheets has been implicated in the formation of protein aggregates and fibrils observed in many human diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and mad cow disease.
		A very simple structural motif involving β sheets is the β hairpin in which two antiparallel strands are linked by a short loop of two to five residues, of which one is frequently a glycine or a proline, both of which can assume the unusual dihedral-angle conformations required for a tight turn.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Beta_sheet (1762 words)

	Beta Sheet
		The beta sheet is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl oxygen of an amino acid in one strand and the backbone nitrogen of a second amino acid in another strand.
		Beta sheets can be either parallel or anti-parallel.
		This beta sheet consists of residues 42-46, 49-54 and 56-60 in chicken egg white lysozyme.
	webhost.bridgew.edu /fgorga/proteins/beta.htm (175 words)

	PPS 97' - Beta-Sheet Geometry
		Sheets tend to be either all parallel or all antiparallel, but mixed sheets do occur.
		The overall twisting of the sheet results from a relative rotation of each residue in the strands by 30 degrees per amino acid in a right-handed sense.
		This implies that antiparallel sheets are more stable than parallel ones which is consistent both with the hydrogen bond geometry and the fact that small parallel sheets rarely occur (see above).
	www.cryst.bbk.ac.uk /pps97/course/section3/sheet.html (558 words)

	psa-request: Type-1 DSMs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		The macroclass B9 has a minimum of eight beta strands with sufficient length variation to cover that expected for a beta domain with one or two beta sheets.
		The macroclass B12 has a minimum of eleven and a mean of twelve beta-strands with sufficient length variation to cover that expected for a beta domain with two beta sheets or a beta barrel.
		The lengths of the beta strands are constrained to be of nearly identical length.
	bmerc-www.bu.edu /psa/dsm-type-1.htm (1481 words)

	Computational Structural Biology
		A Beta turn is a 180 degree change in direction in the span of 4 amino acid residues.
		As expected from a parallel Beta sheet, the hydrogen bonds running sequentially between adjacent strands are NOT parallel to eachother.
		Thus, this beta sheet is definitely a mixed parallel and anti-parallel beta sheet.
	www.stanford.edu /~brettk/assign2.html (1867 words)

	Method for synthesizing a water-soluble .beta.-sheet forming peptide - Patent 5955577 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		sheets is important for the manipulation of the structure and function of polypeptides.
		A major challenge in de novo polypeptide design (more often referred to as de novo peptide design), which is the design of polypeptides (or peptides) from scratch, is the engineering of a polypeptide having the folding stability of the native structure of a natural polypeptide.
		sheets are formed by residues at variable and often distant positions in the sequence.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5955577.html (6738 words)

	Dr Chromo's School: the beta-pleated sheet
		The beta - pleated sheet is a secondary structure found in proteins in which hydrogen bonds are formed between two parts of the protein chain that can be far apart.
		Hydrogen bonds between the CO and the NH groups are in green on the diagram.
		In yellow, the parts of the protein involved in the beta - pleated sheets, in pink, some alpha - helices.
	www.rothamsted.bbsrc.ac.uk /notebook/courses/guide/protalbeta.htm (210 words)

	Search the beta sheet database!
		You have to specify the sequence of strands.
		If any of the specified sheet motifs were found in the database, the standard 4 letter/digit abbreviation of the protein pdb file will be displayed.
		alpha/beta are proteins with at least 20% of the residues in a helix, all beta proteins have less than 20% of the residues in a helix.
	www.biostat.jhsph.edu /~iruczins/sheets/dbase5.html (276 words)

	Microsoft Windows Vista Beta 1 Fact Sheet: Windows Vista beta 1 is an important milestone on Microsoft’s path to ...
		Beta 1 is being delivered to more than 10,000 beta testers.
		The first beta of Windows Server™, code-named “Longhorn,” also is now available to a limited number of participants in the Technical Beta Program, including hardware manufacturers, original equipment manufacturers, independent hardware vendors, system builders, independent software vendors and developers.
		Windows Vista beta 1 also includes the first beta of Windows Presentation Foundation (formerly known by the code name “Avalon”) and Windows Communication Foundation (formerly known by the code name “Indigo”), which are part of the WinFX™ programming model.
	www.microsoft.com /presspass/newsroom/winxp/VistaBeta1FS.mspx (1776 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		Shown in Cartoons, in which beta strands are shown as arrows.
		This structure is from an actual protein, and therefore it shows the typical twist of an actual beta sheet.
		This illustrates that the side chains of neighboring residues in beta strand are found on opposite faces of the beta sheet.
	faculty.smu.edu /svik/5310/betasheet/right2.htm (200 words)

	Sheet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The term sheet can refer to many different things, though in general it is something that covers a large area but is very thin, such as a sheet of paper, or a bed sheet, or something derived from this meaning.
		In law enforcement, a rap sheet is a list of crimes committed.
		In mathematics, a sheet is a synonym for a branch of a complex function.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sheet (180 words)

	Beta sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		which they named beta-pleated sheet (beta is second, alpha was first).
		Substantially different from the alpha-helix in that its a sheet rather than a rod and polypeptide chain is fully stretched rather than tightly coiled as in helix.
		Beta sheets occur in variable amounts in the polypeptide chains of globular proteins e.g.
	www-biol.paisley.ac.uk /Courses/StFunMac/glossary/beta.html (237 words)

	Prions
		The amyloid fibers also give wide angle reflections which are indexed by the beta sheet lattice, indicating that the small domain of beta sheets constitue the fiber.
		Transthyretin is an interesting example of protein structure where two beta sheets in the monomer are continued seamlessly in the dimer.
		The non-A beta component of Alzheimer's disease (AD) amyloid (NAC) was identified biochemically as the second major component in the amyloid purified from brain tissue of AD patients.
	www.mad-cow.org /~tom/Congo.html (3512 words)

	Novel beta sheet breakers as candidates for Alzheimer's disease
		We now report on advances made by Hungarian researchers who have approached the problem of Alzheimer's through the development of molecules that prevent the fibrillation of beta-amyloid 42 once it has accumulated in the extracellular space rather than preventing its release per se.
		Specifically, this group has used a rational approach to design novel beta sheet breakers based on molecular modeling of the C-terminal sequence of the amyloid peptide as a template.
		These pentapeptide amides demonstrated efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo models of Alzheimer's and thus represent an exciting licensing opportunity for all companies involved in the development of improved treatments of this disease.
	www.bioportfolio.com /LeadDiscovery/PubMed-050210.htm (633 words)

	Zoho Blogs » Zoho Sheet
		Also, selecting a range of numbers in your sheet will now display their ’sum’ value in the status bar at the bottom near the sheets tab.
		Zoho Sheet will be down for a major upgrade on Nov 4, Saturday from 4:00 am UTC to 2:00 pm UTC as we are moving our servers to our grid architecture.
		You will not be able to access Zoho Sheet during this time period and this is an advance notice for you to plan your activities accordingly.
	blogs.zoho.com /sheet (2869 words)

	[2] Beta Strand, Beta Sheet and Beta Barrel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		[2] Beta Strand, Beta Sheet and Beta Barrel
		Note that the sidechains of two neighboring residues project in the opposite direction from the backbone.
		sheet structure found in RNase A. This figure shows only the backbone atoms, excluding hydrogens.
	www.web-books.com /MoBio/Free/Ch2C6.htm (112 words)

	beta sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		This is the beta sheet from the protein thioredoxin.
		The folding of the sheet is such that the amide hydrogen of one peptide group is located directly opposite the carboxy oxygen of another peptide group to form a hydrogen bond
		The folding pattern of the sheet causes the side chains to project alternately above and below the plane of the sheet, minimizing steric interference
	faculty.gvsu.edu /carlsont/mm/proteins/sheet.html (169 words)

	Zoho Blogs » Zoho Sheet Private Beta Launch
		If you want to try your hands on the Beta, provide your email id at http://zoho.com/sheet and we will send you the invite.
		Share your zoho sheets with your friends and control their access levels.
		Publish your zoho sheet as public for anyone to find it and use it.
	blogs.zoho.com /sheet/zoho-sheet-private-beta-launch (361 words)

	beta sheet - BioInformatics Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-16)
		A common secondary structure of a protein, in which several beta strand (or elongated) regions of a {protein line up next to each other to form a flat sheet structure.
		A molecule composed of one or more chains of amino acids in a specific order; the order is determined by the base sequence of nucleotides in the gene coding for the protein.
		The conformation of a protein created by the formation of hydrogen bonds between different amino acids; can be a pleated sheet (beta sheet), alpha helix, or random coil.
	big.mcw.edu /display.php/745.html (139 words)

	ICBS - Help
		As a result of their Data Uniformity Project, revised data are displayed by the web interface that PDB offers to query its database.
		See a scanned version of the DSSP paper for a definition of secondary structure elements such as hydrogen bonds, bridges, ladders, sheets, etc.
		See a scanned version of the DSSP paper for a definition of parallel and antiparallel ladders and sheets.
	contact14.ics.uci.edu /help.shtml (4117 words)

	Amyloid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Amyloid is characterized by a cross-beta sheet quaternary structure; that is, a monomeric unit contributes a beta strand to a beta sheet, which spans across more than one molecule.
		It should be noted that the "stacks" of beta sheet are short and traverse the breadth of the amyloid fibril; the length of the amyloid fibril is built by aligned strands.
		Other polypeptides and proteins such as amylin and the Alzheimer's beta protein do not have a simple consensus sequence and are thought to operate by hydrophobic association.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Amyloid (1093 words)

	Design of a 20-Amino Acid, Three-Stranded {beta}-Sheet Protein -- Kortemme et al. 281 (5374): 253 -- Science
		Length-dependent stability and strand length limits in antiparallel beta -sheet secondary structure.
		Stability of the beta -Sheet of the WW Domain: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study.
		Monte Carlo Simulations of beta -Hairpin Folding at Constant Temperature.
	www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/281/5374/253 (775 words)

	SCOP: Class: Alpha and beta proteins (a+b)
		Mainly antiparallel beta sheets (segregated alpha and beta regions)
		core: alpha-beta-alpha-beta(3); mixed sheet: 2134, strand 2 is parallel to strand 1
		4 layers: a/b/b/a; antiparallel beta sheets; similarities to ferredoxin-like fold (scop_cf 54861) in the N-terminal part (1-120) and to the Bacterial S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase subunit (scop_fa 997656) in the C-terminal part (121-340)
	scop.berkeley.edu /data/scop.b.e.html (1865 words)

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