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	PBS - The Voyage of the Odyssey - Track the Voyage - Kiribati
		We are currently in Betio harbor, southwest Tarawa, which was the scene of the one of the bloodiest, American landing assaults during the World War II, Pacific campaign.
		Although only 3,800 yards wide, acre for acre, Betio was described as the most formidable fortress in the world.
		Betio was cut in 2 by the marines using two tanks and a handful of troops, Green beach was cleared for a full landing.
	www.pbs.org /odyssey/odyssey/20010115_log_transcript.html (937 words)

	Kiribati Bibliography - Titles M-P
		New Housing for the Gilbert Islands and Tuvalu.
		Outbreak of cholera at Betio in the Gilbert Islands, An.
		Population of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, 1931-1973, The.
	www.trussel.com /kir/giltitm.htm (2722 words)

	Battle of Tarawa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, the nearest islands capable of supporting such an effort were the Marshall Islands, northwest of Guadalcanal.
		Betio is shaped roughly like a long, thin triangle, with the point to the east and the base on the west.
		The lagoon of the atoll lies to the north and east, with the entire northern coast of the island in the shallow waters of the atoll, and the southern and western sides in deeper waters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Battle_of_Tarawa (2199 words)

	Tarawa - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Tarawa is an atoll in the central Pacific Ocean, previously the capital of the former British colony of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands.
		The island is most famous for being the site of the Battle of Tarawa in World War II.
		Betio Islet includes the main port through which copra and pearl shell are exported.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Tarawa (399 words)

	Kiribati - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The islands were named the Gilbert Islands in 1820 by a Russian admiral, Adam von Krusenstern, and French captain Louis Duperrey, after a British captain, Thomas Gilbert, who crossed the archipelago in 1788 ('Kiribati' is the islanders' pronunciation of plural 'Gilberts').
		The Gilbert Islands and Ellice Islands gained self-rule in 1971, and were separated in 1975 and granted internal self-government by Britain.
		That is why Kiritimati Island is known in English as Christmas Island (not to be confused with the Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean, which is administered by Australia).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kiribati (1297 words)

	Tarawa
		The administrative center of the atoll is Bairiki island.
		Betio island, the chief commercial center of country, is a port of entry through which copra and pearl shell exported.
		Gilbert Islands - Gilbert Islands, group of 16 islands, central Pacific, one of the island groups that form the...
	www.factmonster.com /id/A0847850 (216 words)

	Betio (Tarawa)
		Betio is the first island on the left (W) separated by about two miles to Bairiki.
		Betio Island, probably the most populous in Kiribati, has the port, shipyard and main power station.
		Betio has a large number of war relics, after fierce fighting during the major marine assault.arawa is one of the most densely populated areas in the Pacific, and it's estimated that by the year 2000 it could have a similar population density to Hong Kong.
	www.pacificwrecks.com /provinces/kiribati_betio.html (626 words)

	Tarawa: Testing Ground For The Amphibious Assault
		Betio island on the Tarawa atoll was one of these essential islands.
		Betio was the southern most island in the Tarawa Atoll located two degrees north of the equator in the central Pacific.
		A plan had been proposed to land the 105s on the next island, Bairiki, some 4000 yards to the east of Betlo, to provide artillery support to the division during the initial assault, but because of the lack of sufficient transports, the pack howitzer were opted for instead.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1989/ADF.htm (8613 words)

	Kiribati: Tarawa Massacre (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Betio, on the South﷓west corner of Tarawa, was the scene of one of﷓the fiercest American landing assaults during the Pacific War, on November 24, 1943.
		Betio islands had its natural first line of defence against any approaching naval vessels with the fringing reef which extended seawards between 800 and 1,200 yards.
		At the corners, of Betio Islands, and at various points along the shore, fourteen coastal defence guns from 80mm to 8 inch calibre, sited to cover the beaches, were also being provided with bombproof shelters for the crew and ammunition.
	www.wysiwyg.co.nz /kiribati/tarawa1.html (3442 words)

	Sake-Drenched Postcards - The Guns of Betio
		Formerly a part of the Gilbert Islands, this half-square-mile rock is a part of the Republic of Kiribati - a collection of 33 atolls spread over 1,300 square miles of the Pacific.
		Betio was seen as a point of great strategic importance in the war in the Pacific.
		A single airstrip was cut into the center of the island, which is so narrow at certain points that the distance from lagoon to ocean could likely be reached with a 5-iron for most stretches.
	www.bigempire.com /sake/betio_war.html (1577 words)

	WW2Gyrene Tarawa Overview
		The 2nd Marine Division was assigned to assault and capture the island for use as an airbase.
		This island was the target for the 2nd Marine Division's assault on Tarawa.
		Betio Island, Tarawa Atoll, was captured shortly after noon, November 23 (West Longitude Date), following a desperate enemy counterattack which was crushed by troops of the Second Marine Division.
	www.ww2gyrene.org /WW2Gyrene_Tarawa_overview.htm (672 words)

	Betio Island, Tarawas Atoll - U.S. Marines, 2nd Division, Nov 20-23, 1943.
		Betio is the first island on the left (West) separated by about two miles to Bairiki.
		The counterattack on the night of the 22nd was the last-gasp effort of the Japanese on Betio island.
		It is also dedicated to the memory of all the Marines of the 2nd Division that gave their lives on that tiny island in the Pacific.
	www.enter.net /~kiddycar/tarawa.htm (1334 words)

	The United States Marine Corps Historical Company - 12th District (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Tarawa Atoll, specifically Betio Island, was selected as the target of the main assault because it contained an airfield and the bulk of the Japanese defenses.
		Betio's northwest shore was divided into Red Beach 1, 2 and 3, respectively, from west to east, a 500-yard pier marked the boundary between Red Beach 2 and Red 3 and extended north into the lagoon just beyond the hmgmg reef.
		Third Battalion, 2nd Marines on the western end of the island, supported by close naval gunfire and Sherman tanks (in their first combat deployment in the Pacific), succeeded in clearing all of Green Beach.
	www.usmc-hc.com /history/ww2/tarawa.htm (1862 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		According to naval historian Samuel Eliot Morison, the water around the island was rife with mines, barbed wire and barricades designed to divert landing craft into lanes that were heavily covered by artillery.
		Betioþs northwest shore was divided into Red Beach 1, 2 and 3, respectively, from west to east.
		Third Battalion, 2nd Marines on the western end of the island, supported by close naval gunfire and Sherman medium tanks (in their first combat deployment in the Pacific), succeeded in clearing all of Green Beach.
	www.chinfo.navy.mil /navpalib/wwii/facts/tarawa.txt (2505 words)

	BETIO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Introduction: The American capture of the island of Betio in the Tarawa Atoll proved to be a series of mistakes and mishaps.
		The islands served as outposts on the eastern approaches to the Japanese controlled Marshall Islands.
		Betio is declared secured and the first American aircraft land on the island's airstrip.
	history.acusd.edu /gen/WW2Timeline/Betio.html (1624 words)

	Bombs on the beach \| thebulletin.org
		At Betio Island, large numbers of Japanese soldiers survived the air attacks, and more than 3,000 American troops were killed or wounded before the island fell.
		But even as the island was being developed, the Panamanian government was slowly building a case that the San Jose Project participants, and the United States in particular, should clean up any weapons that had been left behind.
		But further searches of the island were stalled by Panama's limited financial and technical resources and the fact that the U.S. government refused to release most of the information it had on the San Jose Project.
	www.thebulletin.org /article.php?art_ofn=ja02pugliese (3314 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Tarawa Atoll, specifically Betio Island, was selected as the target of the main assault because it contained the bulk of the Japanese defenses in the Gilberts.
		Before the island was won on Nov. 23, three days of struggle and death ensued, in which the Marines gathered momentum as communications, supplies, evacuations and reinforcements improved.
		The Japanese holding the island were committed to a fight to the death.
	www.chinfo.navy.mil /navpalib/wwii/news/taranews.txt (947 words)

	Operation Galvanic: Remembering Tarawa 60 Years Later (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		After 20 years of development, the assault on Betio Island in Tarawa Atoll against Japanese forces in 1943 demonstrated the first serious test case of large-scale amphibious assault against well-prepared enemy defenses since Gallipoli.
		The imposing Betio defenses consisted primarily of thoroughly integrated direct fire weapons overlooking a myriad of obstacles designed to stop the enemy at the coastline.
		Despite far-reaching public dismay over the casualties at Betio and pleas for a Congressional inquiry into the “Tarawa fiasco,” the tenacity and sacrifice demonstrated by Marines during the conflict simultaneously lifted the Corps to new levels in positive public perception.
	www.usna.com /News_Pubs/Publications/Shipmate/2003/11/Operation.htm (2882 words)

	TARAWA NOVEMBER 20TH 1944
		In all, the first day on Betio had been very costly for the 2nd Division- amphtracks and Higgins boats littered the lagoon, wounded marines everywhere, and dead bodies and parts of bodies everywhere: out of 5,000 men, 1,500 were dead or wounded.
		Upon arriving at Betio that day, General Holland Smith ordered both the Stars and Stripes and the Union Jack to be raised over Betio(for Betio was to revert to the British as a Pacific trust after the war).
		In the 76-hour fight for Betio, 1,056 marines and sailors were killed, died of wounds or were missing and presumed to be dead.
	www.angelfire.com /pa4/MCLMUSEUM/tarawa.html (1555 words)

	Medal of Honor recipient Sandy Bonnyman ’32
		The heavily defended Betio Island in the Tarawa Atoll of the Gilbert Islands was initially attacked by three reinforced assault battalions of the U.S. Marine Corps Second Division on November 20, 1943.
		On November 20, 1943 he was the executive officer of a shore party, a noncombatant assignment on Betio, but because of the battle's stalemate and increasing casualties, he advanced on his own initiative several hundred yards into the fiercely contested combat zone on Red Beach 3 near the formidable bombproof.
		PAW in its "Line of Duty" of March 10, 1944 euphemistically reported in the patriotic spirit of the day, "Fatally wounded, Bonnyman turned around, smiled at his men and fell to the ground, dead." In fact, when Lieutenant Bonnyman was recovered by his men, he lay forward facing the enemy, identified only by his dog-tags.
	www.princeton.edu /%7Epaw/web_exclusives/more/more_12.html (619 words)

	Games Depot
		You are in command of OPERATION GALVANIC: the invasion of Japanese held Betio island, of the Tarawa Atoll group.
		Once the central and western sections of the island have been secured then you should push east and seek to drive the remaining enemy forces back onto "the tail" of the island.
		Tarawa was the first of the "island hopping" operations and something of a "testbed" for the Marines to use to refine the tactics they would employ on later missions.
	www.wargamer.com /gamesdepot/details.asp?sid=3784 (473 words)

	BETIO
		Introduction: The American capture of the island of Betio in the Tarawa Atoll proved to be a series of mistakes and mishaps.
		Betio was two miles long and a half mile wide at its widest.
		Betio is declared secured and the first American aircraft land on the island's airstrip.
	history.sandiego.edu /gen/ww2Timeline/Betio.html (1643 words)

	Tarawa Kiribati travel - Happy people under palms
		Betio has a large number of war relics, after fierce and bloody fighting during a major marine assault in November 1943.
		Betio is probably the most populous in Kiribati, has the port, shipyard and jail.
		Tabiteuea Island is the largest and most populous outer island, and is among the most beautiful in Kiribati.
	www.globosapiens.net /wojtekd-travelogue/Tarawa.html (824 words)

	Cody Enterprise: News about Cody, Wyoming, and Yellowstone Country
		Later this week he plans to depart for the island, which is in Micronesia, to deliver the keynote address at a ceremony commemorating the 60th anniversary of the battle.
		The battle for the island is significant because it represents the first time in history that an amphibious assault overcame a beach fortress so heavily fortified that it was considered "unconquerable," Jackson says.
		The assault was complicated by the coral reef surrounding the island, which prevented amphibious landing craft from reaching the shore.
	www.codyenterprise.com /articles/2003/11/12/news/news1.txt (498 words)

	Fanning Island, Kiribati Cruise Port Information
		The islands taken together only cover 342 square miles, an area about four times as large as Washington, D.C. Eight of the eleven Line Islands are part of Kiribati, as well as the Gilbert and Phoenix Groups of islands.
		On the small island of Betio, the Battle of Tarawa took the lives of thousands of American and Japanese servicemen.
		The island is a living monument to the battle.
	cruises.cheapcaribbean.com /cruise_ports_of_call_alphabetical.asp?port=FNGIS (302 words)

	Central Pacific Campaign Pt. 1
		The island was ringed with off-shore anti-boat obstacles consisting of tetrahedrons, mines and barbed wire.
		On the island itself a series of anti-tank ditches were excavated to make movement more difficult for any tanks that did manage to get ashore.
		One of the hardest fought invasions was the island of Betio in the atoll of Tarawa.
	www.wizards.com /default.asp?x=ah/aam/ah20070131c (1193 words)

	Across the Reef: The Marine Assault of Tarawa (D-Day at Betio, 20 November 1943)
		The firing on Betio had barely subsided before apocryphal claims began to appear in print that the four eight-inch naval rifles used as coastal defense guns by the Japanese were the same ones captured from the British at the fall of Singapore.
		Colonel Shoup stated emphatically that the 2d Marine Division was fully aware of the presence of eight-inch guns on Betio as early as mid-August 1943.
		Destruction of one of the four Japanese eight-inch Vickers guns on Betio was caused by naval gunfire and air strikes.
	www.nps.gov /archive/wapa/indepth/extContent/usmc/pcn-190-003120-00/sec4.htm (3552 words)

	Kiribati travel guide
		They are, from west to east the Gilberts Group (including Banaba island and known prior to western contact as Tungaru), the Phoenix Group and the Line Islands Group.
		The islands’ role in World War 11 is evident in the battle of Tarawa, during which thousands of American & Japanese lives were lost.The islet of Betio, where the above battle took place, offers a wealth of war history and many rilics.
		Krk island is an important historical site, being the first island at which the Union Jack was hoisted in 1892 by Captain Davis.
	www.world66.com /australiaandpacific/kiribati (383 words)

	Photos - Tarawa Atoll
		Red Beach The end of the stone breakwater marks the end of Red Beach 1 and the beginning of Red Beach 2 on the lagoon side of Betio Island.
		Japanese command post on the ocean side of the island originally had a swiveling turret on top that would have been used to direct the firing of other guns.
		Landing craft Marines died by the hundreds when their landing craft got hung up on the shallow reefs and they were forced to wade 500 yards in open water under withering crossfire to reach these beaches.
	www.pacificwrecks.com /people/visitors/letourneau/tarawa.html (365 words)

	World War II Congressional Medal of Honor Recipient 1st Lt. William Deane Hawkins, USMC
		Less than six months later, he was killed in action leading a scout-sniper platoon in the attack on Betio Island during the assault on Tarawa.
		In recognition of his leadership and daring action against enemy positions, the air strip on Betio Island was named Hawkins Field in honor of the Marine hero.
		The first to disembark from the jeep lighter, 1st Lt. Hawkins unhesitatingly moved forward under heavy enemy fire at the end of the Betio Pier, neutralizing emplacements in coverage of troops assaulting the main beach positions.
	www.medalofhonor.com /WilliamHawkins.htm (1012 words)

	The Bloody Battle of Tarawa, 1943
		The largest of Tarawa's islets is Betio measuring less than 3 miles in length and 1/2 mile in width.
		Robert Sherrod was a seasoned war correspondent having covered the Army campaign in the Aleutian Islands and the Navy raid on Wake Island.
		The arching, glowing cinders that were high-explosive shells sailed through the air as though buckshot were being fired out of many shotguns from all sides of the island.
	www.eyewitnesstohistory.com /tarawa.htm (1803 words)

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