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	Betula classification - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Betula occidentalis - Water birch or Red birch (B.
		Betula pubescens - White birch, European white birch or Downy birch
		Betula papyrifera - Paper birch, Canoe birch or White birch (sometimes tetraploid or pentaploid)
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Betula_classification (233 words)

	Encyclopedia: Birch
		Birch is the name of any tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, closely related to the beech/oak family, Fagaceae.
		Binomial name Betula lenta L. Sweet Birch (Betula lenta), also known as Cherry Birch or Black Birch, is a species of birch native to eastern North America, from southern Maine west to southernmost Ontario and southern Michigan, and south in the Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia.
		Extracts of birch are used for flavoring or leather oil, and in cosmetics such as soap or shampoo.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Birch (1962 words)

	Betula classification -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Betula lenta - (Common birch of the eastern United States having spicy brown bark yielding a volatile oil and hard dark wood used for furniture) Sweet Birch or Cherry Birch
		Betula allegheniensis - (Tree of eastern North America with thin lustrous yellow or gray bark) Yellow Birch (B.
		Betula pubescens - (European birch with dull white to pale brown bark and somewhat drooping hairy branches) White Birch, European White Birch or Downy Birch
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/B/Be/Betula_classification.htm (381 words)

	Birch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Birch is used as a food plant by the larvae of a large number of Lepidoptera species, see List of Lepidoptera which feed on Birches.
		Betula papyrifera - Paper Birch, Canoe Birch or American White Birch
		Silver Birch (Betula pendula) is Finland`s national tree.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Birch (538 words)

	Isolation and immunochemical characterization of the major allergen of birch pollen (Betula verrucosa). (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Isolation and immunochemical characterization of the major allergen of birch pollen (Betula verrucosa).Antigen 23 was purified to near homogeneity.
		The classification of some of the extractable birch pollen antigens as allergens was established by crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE).
		The classification of antigen 23 as the major allergen in birch pollen was supported by results of RAST inhibition experiments, RAST screening, and skin prick testing.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/4337160.html (168 words)

	Methyl salicylate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Some of the plants producing it are called wintergreens, hence the common name.
		Some species of the genus Betula in the family Betulaceae, particularly those in the subgenus Betulenta.
		Commercial methyl salicylate is now synthesized from salicylic acid, but in the past, it was commonly distilled from the twigs of Sweet Birch (Betula lenta) and Eastern Teaberry (Gaultheria procumbens).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Methyl_salicilate (217 words)

	[No title]
		Glen Feshie - Scots pine / birch / juniper - on steep terrain (Pinus sylvestris, Betula spp., Juniperous communis).
		Strathfarrar - Scots pine / birch, enclosed regeneration (Pinus sylvestris, Betula spp.).
		Classification - an unsupervised classification of the NDVI image is sent to a field surveyor who assesses the land cover type on the ground and uses the classification as a base map for generating accurate spatial information on habitat, including age, aspect and homogeneity.
	www.geospace.co.at /EON2000/Scotland/scotland.htm (925 words)

	Downy Birch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Downy Birch (Betula pubescens) is an abundant tree throughout northern Europe, northern Asia and also Greenland.
		These subarctic populations are usually small and very contorted, and are often distinguished as Arctic Downy Birch, Betula pubescens subsp.
		This subspecies is notable as being the only tree native to Greenland, where large specimens can reach 5-6 m tall.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/White_birch (280 words)

	Birch -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Birches of (A continent (the third largest) in the western hemisphere connected to South America by the Isthmus of Panama) North America include:*Betula allegheniensis - (Tree of eastern North America with thin lustrous yellow or gray bark) Yellow Birch (B.
		Betula lenta - (Common birch of the eastern United States having spicy brown bark yielding a volatile oil and hard dark wood used for furniture) Sweet Birch, Cherry Birch, or Black Birch
		Betula pubescens - (European birch with dull white to pale brown bark and somewhat drooping hairy branches) White Birch, European White Birch or Downy Birch (also in northern Asia)
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/bi/birch.htm (557 words)

	Encyclopedia: White Birch
		Scientific classification or biological classification is how biologists group and categorize extinct and living species of organisms.
		Genera Alnus - Alders Betula - Birches Betulaceae, or the Birch Family, includes two genera of trees and shrubs, the birches and the alders.
		Species Many species; see text and classification Birch is the name of any tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, closely related to the beech/oak family, Fagaceae.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/White-Birch (798 words)

	Conservation Ecology: Modeling Forest Succession among Ecological Land Units in Northern Minnesota
		Specifically, the map units defined in an ECS delimit stable abiotic components of ecosystems that, when used in conjunction with existing biota, represent landscape ecosystems that recur in characteristic physiographic positions, are relatively homogeneous in terms of structure and function, and exhibit similar responses to management activities or natural disturbances (Barnes et al.
		A fundamental tenet of ecological land classification is that the identified ecological units differ not only in state variables, but also in functional processes, such as nutrient cycling, forest succession, and response to management or disturbance.
		Because soils are an integral part of ecological classification, it follows that the model can be used not only for assessing successional pathways among ecosystems, but also for predicting their response to silvicultural treatment.
	www.ecologyandsociety.org /vol2/iss2/art15/index.html (4756 words)

	Birkenstock Betula (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Birch is the name of any tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, closely related to the beech / oak family, Fagaceae.
		They differ from the alders (Alnus, the other genus in the family) in that the female catkins are not woody and disintegrate atmaturity, falling apart to release the seeds, unlike the woody cone-like female alder catkins.
		Betula papyrifera - Paperbirch, Canoe birch or White birch
	www.witchware.com /File/29538-Birkenstock.Betula.Html (281 words)

	Betula classification (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Betula cordifolia - Heart-leaf birch or Mountain paper
		Betula papyrifera - Paper birch Canoe birch or birch (sometimes tetraploid or pentaploid)
		There is no consensus at all on limits in Betula with different authors differing wildly in species they accept from under 30 species over 60.
	www.freeglossary.com /Birch_classification (536 words)

	Enlaces : Science : Biology : Flora_and_Fauna : Plantae : Magnoliophyta : Magnoliopsida : Betulaceae : Betula : ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Betula populifolia - Distribution and occurrence; value and use; characteristics; and fire ecology..
		Betula populifolia (Gray Birch) - Images of the form of this tree..
		Betula populifolia (Gray Birch) - Image, distribution map, scientific classification, threatened and endangered plant information, and wetland indicator status..
	www.100cia.com /recursos/enlaces/Science/Biology/Flora_and_Fauna/Plantae/Magnoliophyta/Magnoliopsida/Betulaceae/Betula/Betula_populifolia (158 words)

	Species:
		Land classification in the Blue Ridge province: state-of-the- science report [23] 4.
		Classification and evaluation of forest sites on the Natchez Trace State Forest, State Resort Park, and Wildlife Managemant Area in west Tennessee [30] 7.
		Koevenig, James L. Effect of climate, soil physiography and seed germination on the distribution of river birch (Betula nigra).
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/tree/betnig/all.html (2592 words)

	Enlaces : Science : Biology : Flora_and_Fauna : Plantae : Magnoliophyta : Magnoliopsida : Betulaceae : Betula : ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Betula occidentalis - Information on distribution and occurrence, its value and use, characteristics, and fire ecology..
		Betula occidentalis (Water Birch) - Distinguishing characteristics and habitat of this species.
		Betula occidentalis (Water Birch) - Photos and facts on the habitat and physical features of this tree, including form, leaves, fruit, and bark..
	www.100cia.com /recursos/enlaces/Science/Biology/Flora_and_Fauna/Plantae/Magnoliophyta/Magnoliopsida/Betulaceae/Betula/Betula_occidentalis (225 words)

	Species:
		Scattered Norway spruce occurs in seral stands of European aspen (Populus tremula) or hairy birch (Betula pubescens).
		Classification systems for Scandinavian forests where Norway spruce and/or Scotch pine are the major species are based on ground vegetation [11].
		After a short period of cultivation, depleted soils were left to natural reforestation, forming mixtures of conifers and broadleaf trees, mostly birch (Betula pubescens or B. verrucosa) [6].
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/plants/tree/picabi/all.html (5345 words)

	Plant Profile for Betula lenta (sweet birch) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Betula lenta L. See county distributions for the following states by clicking on them below or on the map.
		Betula lenta L. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the PLANTS Classification Report.
		Betula lenta L. View species account and distribution map from Flora of North America (FNA).
	plants.usda.gov /cgi_bin/plant_profile.cgi?symbol=BELE (276 words)

	Betula papyrifera - Paper birch - Facts & Pictures
		Although it grows well in all types of soil, and tolerates wide variations in rain fall, it is best adapted to colder climates, and doesn't do well in most of the United States.
		The leaf margin of the Betula papyrifera is double serrate.
		The leaf shape is ovate and the leaf venation is pinnate.
	www.wcisel.com /treetopics/paper_birch1.htm (153 words)

	The Kautsky Curve Is a Built-in Barcode -- Tyystjärvi et al. 77 (2): 1159 -- Biophysical Journal
		The classification of an unknown sample is done by voting:
		Each node is labeled by the code letter indicating the species to which the majority of the reference vectors of the node belong.
		The different species are coded as follows: A, Elytrigia; B, Polytrichum; C, Betula; D, Zea; E, Pinus; F, Sphagnum; G, Secale (grown in a phytotron); H, Secale (grown in a greenhouse); I, Hypogymnium; J, Nicotiana.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/77/2/1159 (4705 words)

	Betula classification - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Betula classification - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Betula papyrifera - Paper Birch, Canoe Birch or American White Birch (sometimes tetraploid or pentaploid)
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Betula classification contains research on
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Betula_classification (254 words)

	Ekológia 3/2000
		In connection with mass burst failure of the birch Betula pendula (R o t h) 1997 in the Ore Mts (North Bohemia), the burst phenology, depending on the sum of effective temperatures, and effects of low temperatures on buds after atypical warming and subsequent frosts (-1.9 to -10.4°C) during the winter period (9.2.-4.3.1998) were investigated.
		Amphibians and reptiles have unevenly settled natural and artificially adapted habitats and ecosystems and our study of their diversity also bears on the biogeographical distribution and development of their populations in rural and urban ecosystems on the territory of greater Bratislava.
		Data are here presented regarding the distribution of these model groups, with notes on the zoogeographical classification of the species under study in natural and urbanized habitats in the metropolitan precincts of the city of Bratislava.
	www.sav.sk /journals/ekol/ek300.htm (3736 words)

	gray birch -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Rarely 12 m (40 feet) tall, it is covered almost to the ground with flexible branches that form a narrow, pyramidal crown.
		(Betula populifolia), slender ornamental tree of the family Betulaceae, found in clusters on moist sites in northeastern North America.
		Includes its classification, physical characteristics, food habits, behaviour, and habitat.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9037808 (677 words)

	Higher units of vegetation classification
		Another classification scheme for the Far Eastern Picea jezoensis forests was proposed by Petelin (1990), who assigned these forests to the order Vaccinio-Piceetalia Br.-Bl.
		The area of that study, however, was located at high elevations (800-1350 m) in the westernmost part of Picea jezoensis range, where the communities are affected by a subalpine flora, the two representatives of which, i.e., Betula ermanii and Pinus pumila were considered as diagnostic species.
		Our data show that in the northern part of range the structure of spruce forests is much simpler, and species composition is much poorer than in the forests within southern boreal subzone.
	www.geopacifica.org /PROJ/ch_2_1.html (805 words)

	Wetland Classification and Ecology
		Vegetatively swamps are quite diverse and in Alberta may be composed of some combination of Larix laricina, Picea mariana, Betula, and Salix.
		Fens can be open and dominated by Carex, Scirpus, and Eriophorum; shrubby and dominated by Betula and Salix; or wooded to forested dominated by some combination of Picea mariana, Larix laricina, Betula, and Salix..
		Originally based on criteria derived from vegetation, fens have in the past been subdivided on the basis of the number of indicator species.
	www.devonian.ualberta.ca /peatland/peatinfo.htm (1468 words)

	Silver Birch bei eLexi - das Onlinelexikon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Silver birch (Betula pendula) is a widespread European tree, though in southern Europe it is only found at higher altitudes.
		It is often planted as a garden and ornamental tree.
		Cloud forcing is the difference between the radiation budget components for average cloud conditions and cloud-free conditions.
	www.elexi.de /en/s/si/silver_birch.html (350 words)

	Betula classification
		Images, distribution map, scientific classification, and wetland indicator status.
		Image, distribution map, scientific classification, threatened and endangered plant information, and wetland indicator status.
		Illustration, plant synonyms, distribution map, scientific classification, wetland indicator status.
	www.omniknow.com /common/wiki.php?in=en&term=Betula_classification (536 words)

	Mycorrhizal Citations
		Two methods are currently being used to describe ECM fungal communities associated with root tips: molecular techniques and morphological classification.
		Ectomycorrhizas of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and paper birch (Betula papyrifera) were sampled from three widely dispersed sites with different soil types in the southern interior of British Columbia.
		Morphotyping did not distinguish amongst major RFLP types for mycorrhizas classified as Amphinema-like, Piloderma-like and Rhizopogon-like A. We conclude that detailed morphological classification can be very useful as the primary method of ectomycorrhizal classification, when used in conjunction with molecular techniques.
	mycorrhiza.ag.utk.edu /latest/latest02/02_12sakak1.htm (337 words)

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