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	Reference Encyclopedia - Bharatanatyam
		Bharata refers to the author of the Natya Shastra, and natya is Sanskrit for the art of sacred dance-drama brought to the stage at the beginning of the 20th century.
		Bharata Natyam, it is said, is the embodiment of music in visual form, a ceremony, and an act of devotion.
		This Bharata Natyam dancer's (Medha Hari's) right hand is in the Bhramara Hasta (yoga, upward offering to the Divine), the 3 joined fingers symbolizing the sacred syllable Aum.The left hand's fingers are in Alapadma Hasta, the rotating lotus of spiritual light.
	referenceencyclopedia.com /?title=Bharatanatyam (2047 words)

	[No title]
		Bharata learned it from Brahma who in turn taught it to his 100 sons (all of whom are named in the first chapter of the NS).
		But Bharata wants the "psychological states" mixed as flavors are mixed--the theatre is not to be experienced "from a distance" or its excellence "measured" by canons of "objective judgement," but is to be enjoyed as taste, in a manner much more difficult to quantify.
		Bharata names 8 rasas, each of them the performative expression of a bhava, a "permanent psychological state." The 8 are: sringara: erotic; hasya: comic; karuna: pathos; raudra: rage; vira: heroic; bhayanaka: fearful; bibhatsa: disgusting; adbhuta: surprise.
	www.nyu.edu /classes/bkg/rasa (2842 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Bharata Natyam, one of the seven major classical dance forms of India, originated approximately 2000 years ago and was performed only in the temples during religious ceremonies.
		Also the word "Bharata" is the acronym comprised of "Bha" (from "bhava" or emotion) "Ra" (from "raga" or melody), and "Ta" (from "tala" or rhythm).
		Bharata Natyam, as it is known today, strives to portray through rhythmic movements, facial expressions and symbolic gestures the spiritual awakening of the human soul and its longing for enlightenment.
	www.vvm.com /~pnair/htm1/b_natyam.htm (109 words)

	Webindia123.com - Dances of India-origin of bharatanatyam
		Bharata Natyam was the dance technique evolved in the South of India in Tamil Nadu and practiced in the temples of
		The technique of Bharata Natyam consists of 64 principles of coordinated hand, foot, face and body movements which are performed to the accompaniment of dance syllables.
		The Vidwan, Menaskshi Sunderam Pillay of Pandanallur, the greatest teacher of Bharata Natyam is a direct descendant of the four brothers.
	www.webindia123.com /dances/bharatanatyam (357 words)

	Bharata Natyam
		The revival of bharata natyam was contagious, and gave birth to several generations of illustrious masters, dancers and musicians.
		Bharata natyam is performed and taught around the globe by artists from diverse backgrounds, and is a source of inspiration to many contemporary choreographers and visual artists.
		After years of training, a bharata natyam teacher may present his or her student to the public in the presence of peers and art lovers.
	www.mandalarts.ca /bharatanatyam.html (548 words)

	bharata natyam
		BHARATA vient du nom Bharata Muni, un érudit qui a écrit le Natya Shastra, la compilation des différents aspects de l’art de la scène.
		BHARATA is named after the scholar Bharata Muni who wrote Natya Shastra, a compilation of the numerous facets of the performing arts.
		BHARATA also means «bha» for «bhava» meaning emotion, «ra» for «raga» meaning melody and «ta» for «tala» meaning rhythm. Natya refers to a dance-drama presented in a theatrical form (or format).
	www.sattvikadanse.org /page6.html (613 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> Bharata (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Bharata à¤à¤°à¤¤ (Sanskrit "to be or being maintained") may refer to
		Bharata (Ramayana), a son of Dasharatha, younger brother of Rama
		Bharata (Bhagavata), the eldest of a hundred sons of a saintly king by name Rishabha Deva according to the Bhagavata purana
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/Bharata (114 words)

	\|\| Daily News Online Edition - Sri lanka :: Print Page
		Bharata says, "The Vedic discussions and practices cannot be proclaimed among those born of the Sudra caste".
		Bharata divides his monumental work into four sections based on 'abhinaya' modes of conveyance of the theatrical pleasure called 'ras' which is pure and differs from the actual contact of the eye and mind with the objects of the world, which is always mingled and mired with passion.
		Bharata Natya is essentially a feminine art and the devotional and erotic themes give a wide spectrum for an accomplished artists to display her talents.
	www.dailynews.lk /2006/02/08/PrintPage.asp?REF=/2006/02/08/art09.asp (1977 words)

	Bharata Natyam
		Bharata Natyam is a South Indian classical dance form with a tradition of more than 2000 years old.
		Sage Sri Bharata Muni described Indian dance arts in a theatre handbook, called "Natya Shastra" (100 BC), in which Bharata Natyam is described amongst other art forms.
		Bharata Natyam is practised actively and brought onstage in theatres outside of India as well.
	www.bharatanatyam.nl /indian_dance/bharata_natyam.htm (153 words)

	BHARATA NATYAM
		Natyam means acting or dancing, as it is required as a dance artist of the tradition to be both actor and dancer; which is a legacy still followed by 90% of the movies produced in India.
		Bharata Natyam continues to evolve and has not been spared by the winds of change.
		Still the roots of the style are in its prayer, devotion and a spirit of humility well-reflected as the dancers first touch mother earth in respect before stamping their feet.
	www.vcn.bc.ca /macs/bharata.html (207 words)

	Publication
		Bharata Natyam is a beautiful and challenging form of dance as it incorporates eye, body and hand movements with intricate footwork.
		Bharata Natyam could perhaps be said to be a concrete representation of the formless Infinite for there is both beauty and devotion in the dance form.
		Bharata Natyam is based heavily on religion and mythology both of which are predominant even in contemporary classical dance techniques.
	www.archanaarts.com /glimpseBN.htm (578 words)

	Bharat Natyam, Katha Kali & Sacred Dance
		Bharata Muni, it seems, possessed a mind that delved deeply into the mysteries of that knowledge which comes with yogic meditation and contemplation, and his inner visions of beauty, perfect rhythm, and noble attributes of the symbolic movements provided a formidable prerequisite to his composing his manual.
		Bharata Natyam is sometimes called "an art for eternity" because its practice today is virtually the same as it was thousands of years ago.
		Bharata Natyam is the mother art for most of the other sacred dance systems of India and is the main source of inspiration for the allied arts of sculpture, painting, and icon-making.
	www.vtweb.com /gosai/chaitanya/saranagati/html/nmj_articles/sacred_dance/bharata-natyam.html (2289 words)

	Masters of Language
		Bharata Muni's Natya Shastra not only presents the language of creative expression, it is the world's first book on stagecraft.
		Bharata speaks of the 22 shrutis of the octave, the seven notes and the number of shrutis in each of them.
		Bharata Muni's text is a most useful guide to the weary traveler on this path.
	www.ifih.org /articles/sk002.html (1244 words)

	Devadasi's (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In his service to lord Brahma, Bharata Muni systematized a variety of sciences and arts, such as literature, medicine, music, dance and drama to prevent any false transmission in the Age of Kali.
		Bharata Muni recorded the technique as well as the ceremonial rules and regulations for the performance of dance and drama in his
		Bharata Muni has given full information on rasa-tattva, the meaning and expression of different bhavas as well as 360 different types of transcendental nayakas and nayikis (heroes and heroines) in the spiritual world.
	bharata2natyam.sphosting.com /bharata_natyam/Devadasis_the_ancient_temple_dancers.htm (6339 words)

	muni - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		The region of Mbini (formerly called Río Muni) is located on the...
		The Natya Shastra, written before 200 ad and attributed to a Hindu sage named Bharata Muni, is the world’s oldest, most complete manual for all...
		The old term 'Spanish African Possessions' gave way to a new one, 'Spanish Provinces and Places,' cleared of any implication of colonialism, by the decree of Aug. 21, 1956, which put them under the supervision of the new Board of Provinces and Places.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /muni.html (135 words)

	Classical Dance Styles Nataraja or the king of dance Kuchipudi artists migrated to Tanjore Telugu dance-dramas Bharata ...
		N.S. of Bharata Muni is the earliest available encyclopaedic treatise on India's theatre t arts.
		The basic units of Nritta and Nritya are caris (mainly foot-work), mandalas (grouping of caris), Karanas (correlated movement of hands and feet), angaharas (grouping of karanas) and recakas (which fill the gap in the consecutive movements).
		Kuchipudi Bharata Natyam, which was originally called Sadir or Desiattam or Chinna me lam was evolved in the court of Maharastrian king, Slirabhoji II (1786-1832) as a sole dance by the reputed Tanjore quartet chinnayya, Ponnayya, Vadivelu and Sivanandam.
	www.payalramchandani.com /clasicaldance.htm (1307 words)

	Hinduism Today \| Jan 1983 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Bharata Natyam is the most exquisite dance form of India.
		Bharata later passed it on to the people of the world.
		The Natyasastra, ascribed to Bharata Muni, describes in detail the 108 Karanas, or Tandava dance poses of Lord Natarja, in detail in the fourth chapter.
	www.hinduismtoday.com /archives/1983/01/1983-01-09.shtml (800 words)

	bharata natyam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Related phrases: bharata natyam mallika sarabhai bharata muni mahabharata
		Le Bharata natyam est une forme de danse classique indienne originaire du sud de l' Inde qui a t sauve, au dbut du XX sicle, d'un oubli presque total.
		L'origine du nom Bharata natyam provient de Bharata, le nom indien de l'Inde et de natyam, le mot tamoul pour danse.
	www.vocamania.com /bharata_natyam.aspx (260 words)

	Indian Dance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Although bharata natyam, kathakali, kathak, and manipuri are considered the principal schools of Indian dance, some argue that Odissi and other forms should also be included.
		Of these schools of dance, bharata natyam, which originated in southern India, is the most significant.
		It is based on the principles set down in the Natya Shastra, a handbook on dramaturgy that was supposedly written about AD 200 by a Hindu sage, Bharata Muni, according to instructions from the god Brahma.
	autocww.colorado.edu /~blackmon/E64ContentFiles/DanceAndDancers/IndianDance.html (431 words)

	SHLOKA - 12 IN EKATMATA STOTRA
		Third Bharata was the brother of Sn Rama, son of Dasharatha and a noble devotee of Rama.
		The ninth in the line of heritage of Bharata was king Kuru, descendants of whom are known as the Kaurava(s) and Pandava(s)of tbe Mahabharata.Tbe fifth Bharata was Bharata Muni, the famous pioneering author of Natyasastra, a basic work on music, dance and dramaturgy.
		According to a generally accepted view the fourth Bharata, the son of Sakuntala and King Dusyanta (born of their Gandharva marriage), who became the Emperor of India after Dushyanta, is the one on whose name India has been named as Bharata.
	www.hssworld.org /homepage/html/boudhik/ekatmata_stotra/SHLOKA_12.HTML (1856 words)

	The Hindu : Research study on Bharata's work
		CONTRARY TO the common belief that the Natya Sastra of Bharata Muni is a treatise solely on dance, it is a huge compendium on dramaturgy dealing, besides music and dance, with playwriting, production, stage construction, semantics, make-up and a host of other allied topics.
		"Bharata" ordinarily meant a dancer-actor and Vedanta Desika has suggested that it might be an acrostic of the first letters of the terms Bhava, Raga and Tala.
		Though many a writer had referred to the Natya Sastra of Bharata and assigned it to the second century A.D., the original text had been eluding scholars until the last quarter of the 19th century.
	www.hindu.com /thehindu/2001/10/30/stories/1330017a.htm (659 words)

	Bharathanatyam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The first letter of these three aspects combined to Bharata (Bha-ra-tha), and the art form came to be known as Bharata Shastra.
		Bharata along with the apsaras and Gandharvas (celestial beings) demonstrated Bharata Natya to Shiva.
		Bharata Natya is considered to be a yoga which can liberate the individual.
	www.rso.cornell.edu /spicmacay/spicmacay_files/home_files/bharat.html (179 words)

	Untitled Document
		The second is that the name comes from a combination of the name of the sage Bharata Muni who wrote the "Natya Shastra" the principles of this dance, and the word for dance “natyam”.
		Bharata is believed to have lived between the 1st and 2nd century AD.
		He wrote a detailed account of the art of dance, and many people credit his work for the fact that Bharatanatyam remains much the same today as it was long ago.
	www.hiptwist.org /ArticleBharatanatyam.html (921 words)

	SRUTI-India's premier music and dance magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Bharata's Natya Sastra is considered to be the Natya Veda.
		Bharata is revered as Proth Muni and a mask is displayed in every theatre there.
		(A picture of the mask of Bharata Muni displayed in theatres in Thailand was given the pride of place near the wings onstage during the Nritya Navaratri Mahotsavam.) But here in Bharat, the place of origin of the sastra, it is regrettable, said Padma, that there is no temple for Bharata.
	www.sruti.com /Oct03/nnote.html (1271 words)

	Bharata Muni - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bharata Muni was an ancient Indian writer whose life has been dated differently from the 5th century BCE to the 2nd century Ad.
		His best known work is the Natya Shastra, a theoretical treatise on Ancient Indian Dramaturgy and Histrionics.Indian dance and music find their root in the Natyashastra.Besides propounding the theory of three types of acting Bharata has discussed in detail classical indian vocal\instrumental music and dance since they are integral to Sanskrit drama.
		Bharata classified Sanskrit theatrical forms (Natya\Rupaka)in to ten types and what is known to the west as drama is but one among these viz.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bharata_Muni (203 words)

	Dances of India
		The dancer is attired in a beautiful white with gold border Kasavu saree of Kerala, with the distinctive white jasmin flowers around a French bun at the side of her head.
		Bharata Natyam dance has been handed down through the centuries by dance teachers (or gurus) called nattuwanars and the temple dancers, called devadasis.
		When the Natya Veda was ready, the Gods expressed their inability to practise it, and Brahma passed it to Bharata Muni and his one hundred sons who were asked to practise it.
	www.angelfire.com /ma2/bharatanatyam/bn.html (2530 words)

	Re: Information Request: Bharatha Natya Arantetram (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		For example: Bharata Muni's "naatya S`aasthram" (the science of dance).
		This is the most respected text on classical dance is used by dancers of all classical dance forms of india, but the bharata naatyam is known after this sage (muni = sage).
		In Bharata naatyam, Nrittam is not expected to be designed to convey anything about the theme of dance.
	www.hindunet.org /srh_home/1996_1/msg00581.html (942 words)

	Bharatanatyam Dance, Tamilnadu Dance, Dances of Tamilnadu India, Indian Dances, Classical Dance of Tamilnadu
		Bharatanatyam dance form is said to derive its name from Bharata Muni, the author of "Natya Shastra" (treatise on dance) written between 2nd century BC and 2nd century AD.
		The chief musical instruments in Bharata Natyam are the 'Mridangam' and a pair of cymbals.
		Most Bharata Natyan dancers from all over the country order their jewellery from centres at Mylapore and at Nagercoil, which has the largest number of skilled goldsmiths.
	www.indiantravelportal.com /tamil-nadu/dances/bharatnatyam.html (1917 words)

	Bharata Natyam - Classical Dance of the Ancient Tamils
		It is not to be equated solely with a repertoire that evolved at a particular point of time under certain social and historical circumstances.
		The Natya Sastra is the most important and authoritative treatise on Sanskrit dramaturgy dealing exhaustively on poetics, metre, music and drama as they affect the composition and representation of the drama.
		As much as there is room for improvisations and imaginative interpretations, Bharata Natyam or classical dance as such, is a science in itself.
	www.tamilnation.org /culture/dance/index.htm (4312 words)

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