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Topic: Biculturalism

	Biculturalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A policy of biculturalism is typically adopted in nations that have emerged from a history of national or ethnic conflict in which neither side has gained complete victory.
		Because biculturalism has the quality of suggesting, more or less explicitly, that only two cultures merit formal recognition, it has come to be seen as inadequately progressive when compared with the idea of multiculturalism (for which it formed a precedent).
		In the context of deafness, the word biculturalism is used less controversially because the distinction (between spoken language and sign language) is commonly recognised as a genuine binary distinction transcending the distinctions between various spoken languages.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Biculturalism (224 words)

	Part 2, Culture of Balance and Balance of Cultures: A Gendered Approach to Cross-Cultural Adaptation Process in Timothy ...
		The bicultural, or sometimes multicultural, aspect of post-colonial writing is an essential part of its nature, in which neither total assimilation into the host culture nor orthodox preservation of native culture has no place.
		Bicultural individuals are comfortable and capable of belonging to both the ethnic culture and the host culture.
		Biculturalism does not necessarily mean that a person switches from one culture to another depending on the context, nor does it mean that a person blends the two cultures.
	www.postcolonialweb.org /uk/mo/sakilli2.html (824 words)

	Biculturalism and Librarianship in New Zealand: A More Fundamental Change than Information Technology - 62nd IFLA ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Bicultural policies in New Zealand/Aotearoa focus on the recognition of different cultural values and the sharing of power between two peoples—the indigenous Maori, and the immigrant Europeans.
		Despite the conflict in formal definitions, biculturalism to most New Zealanders implies a formal recognition of the Treaty of Waitangi as a founding document of New Zealand nationhood, and of Maori as the first inhabitants of New Zealand and original owners of the land.
		Bicultural issues were first, and perhaps a little reluctantly addressed by my Department in 1987 when a group of Maori students protested vigorously about the absence of any mention of Maori issues in a routine university review of the Department.
	www.ifla.org /IV/ifla62/62-culr.htm (2544 words)

	Biculturalism
		Its function was to examine the state of each of the 2 cultures, and the opportunity for each to exist and flourish; and also the set of conditions that would enable members of the 2 cultures to co-operate effectively.
		They believed rather that an important factor would be whether both cultures are properly represented in common institutions and whether persons participating in these institutions have the opportunity to conserve and express their own culture.
		However, Québec's 1977 language legislation, BILL 101, diminished the bicultural nature of that province by rendering it officially unilingual, although section 133 of the British North America Act still applies in Québec.
	thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0000725 (928 words)

	CULTURAL LIBERATION: East-West Biculturalism for a New Century
		Such reforms would represent biculturalism or multiculturalism instituted as an explicit policy, for the purpose of constructive collaboration among peoples of different cultures.
		As there are already such signs of a biculturalism that bridges oceans, a widespread multicultural awareness could someday result in a reconciliation of the world's cultures.
		Biculturals can be both, and be cognitively enriched in the process.
	www.edchange.org /multicultural/papers/mccarty.html (2099 words)

	Biculturalism \| Institute of Policy Studies \| Victoria University of Wellington
		Biculturalism: Reconciling Aotearoa with New Zealand by Raj Vasil, was first published by the Institute of Policy Studies at Victoria University in 1988.
		Biculturalism: Reconciling Aotearoa with New Zealand describes the relationship between the indigenous Maori and the settlers who made New Zealand their home.
		It is suitable for school-age children as a basis for discussion of issues of biculturalism, multiculturalism and racism, and as a text for secondary students.
	www.vuw.ac.nz /ips/publications/economic/biculturalism.aspx (308 words)

	Bilingualism and Biculturalism, Royal Commission on
		Bilingualism and Biculturalism, Royal Commission on, (1963-9), often referred to by the names of its cochairmen, Laurendeau-Dunton.
		It was commissioned to examine existing BILINGUALISM and BICULTURALISM, and to recommend ways of ensuring wider recognition of the basic CULTURAL DUALISM of Canada.
		The commission was established in response to the growing unrest among French Canadians in Québec, who called for the protection of their language and culture and the opportunity to participate fully in political and economic decision making.
	thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0000741 (529 words)

	Multicultural Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Biculturalism did not accord with local realities in the western provinces, where the French population was tiny compared to other groups such as the Ukrainian Canadians, the group that was arguably most important in modifying the policy of biculturalism.
		The Liberal government of Pierre Trudeau promulgated the “Announcement of Implementation of Policy of Multiculturalism within Bilingual Framework” in the House of Commons on 8 October 1971, the precurson of the Canadian Multiculturalism Act of 1988 passed in 1988.
		While some argue that the shift in official discourse from biculturalism to multiculturalism has had a neutral effect on relations between Quebec and the rest of Canada, McRoberts believes that it was disastrous for Canadian nationalism, as it offended Quebeckers and their a dualistic vision of Canada as a bilingual and bicultural society.
	popularityguide.com /encyclopedia/Multicultural (2964 words)

	Biculturalism -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		A policy of biculturalism is typically adopted in (The people who live in a nation or country) nations that have emerged from a history of national or ethnic conflict in which neither side has gained complete victory.
		This condition usually arises as a consequence of (additional info and facts about colonial settlement) colonial settlement.
		The policy influences the structures and decisions of governments to ensure that political and economic power and influence are allocated equitably between people and/or corporations identified with the opposite sides of the cultural divide.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/b/bi/biculturalism.htm (122 words)

	Mosaic "Eggs" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Taft's fear of the primary culture as an obstacle to the training of bicultural and multicultural individuals who play the role of a mediator between two cultures parallels cultural theorist Barre Toelken's frustration of birth culture persistence as the source of culture clashes between Whites and Native Americans expressed in the Folklore, Worldview, and Communication.
		Hence, Taft's brief treatment biculturalism as a process of enculturation is justified for his purpose.
		For John, his biculturalism predominately takes the form of substitution of his American birth culture by the adopted Chinese culture as a kind of modification.
	www.oycf.org /Perspectives/17_063002/Mosaic_Egg.htm (2869 words)

	Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Throughout the 1960s, Canada saw the rise of modern Quebec nationalism as the federation-wide French Canadian nationalism became less and less supported by the younger francophone generations of this province.
		While Canada would remain a bilingual nation, it would pursue a policy of multiculturalism rather than biculturalism.
		An article on the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism in The Canadian Encyclopedia
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Royal_Commission_on_Bilingualism_and_Biculturalism (472 words)

	Session Eight Abstracts
		Biculturalism can not realise greater autonomy because it is concerned primarily with relationships among people in institutional settings and within and among bureaucratic institutions.
		Therefore it is less likely to meet Maori aspirations than self-determination which is concerned with creating, to the greatest extent possible, independence and autonomy for groups, not necessarily in isolation from wider society, but certainly apart from controls and regulations imposed from outside the would be self-determining community.
		While in itself this is advantageous to Maori, biculturalism is not a substitute for the affirmation of traditional social structures as the central point in a Maori quest for greater independence from an historically intrusive state.
	www.utas.edu.au /government/APSA/SessionEightAbstracts.html (2050 words)

	Journal of American Indian Education-Arizona State University
		This paper examines the simplistic notion that ethnicity is a matter of ascription or self identification, and proposes that life experiences within an ethnic group context and facility in the language of that group must be taken into account.
		It is thus possible to envisage a range of teachers from a supportive competent bicultural, to a supportive but less than fully competent bicultural who becomes more bicultural, to assimilationist, monocultural teachers all from the one ethnic group.
		Is a fused bicultural curriculum the optimnal curriculum for small scale ethnic minority groups which still live on their homelands--like the Zunis living at Zuni and Torres Strait Islanders living on the outer islands?
	jaie.asu.edu /v28/V28S2cul.htm (6179 words)

	MHS Transactions: A Symposium on Biculturalism in Manitoba, The Manitoba Historical Society and La ...
		Bilingualism and biculturalism are matters of vital concern to the survival of Canada, but, in my opinion, the practical solutions to our problems will have to come from the provincial level and not from the federal government.
		We were asked to discuss biculturalism in Manitoba, but it is impossible to discuss biculturalism or bilingualism in Manitoba other than in relation to Canadian biculturalism.
		The liberties we talk about defending today were established by men who took their conception of man from the great central religious tradition of western civilization and the liberties we inherit can almost certainly not survive the abandonment of that tradition.
	www.mhs.mb.ca /docs/transactions/3/biculturalism.shtml (5684 words)

	New Zealand Psychologist Society - Biculturalism
		The Society is committed to developing and promoting biculturalism and cultural diversity in the work that it does.
		In seeking to achieve its goals and objects the Society actively seeks to encourage policies and practices which reflect New Zealand's cultural diversity and in particular the spirit and intent of the Treaty of Waitangi.
		The Society's commitment to biculturalism is an evolving one, and in the future it is intended to provide further information on developments on this site.
	homepages.ihug.co.nz /~psychsoc/about/biculturalism.html (140 words)

	New Zealand Journal of Psychology: Attitudes towards biculturalism in New Zealand: Social dominance and Pakeha ...
		The emergence of biculturalism has been one of the most important social and political developments in New Zealand in the last half century (Belich, 1996).
		Hence, although there is support for some of the general principles of biculturalism from both government and the general populace, there is also a realistic concern that this might mean special privileges that advantage Maori at the expense of other New Zealanders at the level of resource allocations.
		The distinction between the general principles and resource-specific aspects of biculturalism is important psychologically because it provides insight into the nature of racism.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3848/is_200407/ai_n9439918 (1167 words)

	Public Address \| Speaker
		I mean, I used to hear all this talk about biculturalism and wonder what the fuss was.
		I realised a few years later that maybe I got away with murdering Te Reo for so long because of a necessary tolerance on behalf of Maori society, a tolerance that was wearing thing by the 1980s.
		But, what has become obvious to me since living here in Melbourne is that the biculturalism I heard so much about in New Zealand is not so very different to the stereotypical idea of multiculturalism spouted by pollies and journos on this side of the ditch.
	www.publicaddress.net /default,1273.sm (941 words)

	adventures in cultural politics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		So the standard Pakeha response to assertions of alterity, as we’ve already heard in the conference, is to remind us of the complexities, how it’s not as simple as coloniser and colonised, of the imbrication of culture talk in colonial history of the nation, and other such anti-essentialist argument.
		In other words, we need a bicultural approach to biculturalism, where biculturalism can never be located in ourselves, but is always found outward in the practice of intercultural engagement.
		If biculturalisms to some degree set the institutional scene for exchanges to take place, in my view the guides for our subjective orientations toward these intimate exchanges is to be found in feminist theory, and particularly the more psychoanalytically inflected versions such as Luce Irigaray.
	www.dannybutt.net /weblog (7147 words)

	Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism... - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Royal_Commission_on_Bilingualism_and_Biculturalism... (41 words)

	Cheskin Experts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		At the 6th annual Hispanic Boom conference in Los Angeles on June 13th and 14th, the theme of biculturalism emerged as a dominant theme among panelists and speakers.
		We learned that biculturalism has implications for media viewing activities, as bicultural Hispanics will tend to view both mainstream media and those geared to Hispanics.
		Unlike Hispanic Dominants and US Dominant Hispanics, bicultural Hispanics have actively determined that they seek to cultivate Latino culture as part of their identity.
	weblog.cheskin.net /perspectives/mletelier.html (2830 words)

	Title page for ETD etd-03132000-13320015
		The presence of conflict between African and European beliefs and practices were seen in areas such as religious traditions, child rearing, and language.
		The pervasive effect of racism on identity and its relationship to biculturalism was discussed.
		Biculturalism appeared to be strongly related to survival as well as being an integral part of the participants’ identities.
	scholar.lib.vt.edu /theses/available/etd-03132000-13320015 (166 words)

	Joy Luck Club Essays - Essay on Biculturalism in Amy Tan's The Joy Luck Club
		Webster's dictionary defines biculturalism as the existence of two distinct cultures in one nation.
		My mother was born and raised in another country and her daughter was raised far away in the United States.
		The novel "Joy Luck Club" by Amy Tan illustrates biculturalism in America and the profound impact it had on the main character's life and is paralleled, in many ways by my own.
	www.123helpme.com /preview.asp?id=6864 (1532 words)

	University of Waikato seminar series on ‘Justicem, Biculturalism and the Politics of Difference’, School of Law, ...
		This leads to the second opinion, that adjudication, where cultural values are in competition, requires at least a bicultural understanding.
		The Waitangi Tribunal, with its bicultural composition, might be seen as such a body in those cases where its power of final determination in respect of certain Crown assets, provides and adequate recompense.
		It is able to expose a bicultural perspective and to readily compile in sensible form a mass of historical and other material relevant to Maori claims.
	www.knowledge-basket.co.nz /oldwaitangi/press/93polofl.HTM (3921 words)

	NATIONALISM VS BICULTURALISM?
		The Madison school PTA had a regular meeting with a presentation of the English Only proposition from a group of parents and teachers; this group emphasized the use of English in all the school activities and supported its demand with some nationalistic remarks.
		After the presentation, another group reacted with a bicultural proposition based on the cultural background of the student population and the tradition of the school and requested the use of both languages.
		Finally, a third group of parents and teachers rejected both, the English Only and the bicultural propositions, based on the Constitution and demanding the cancellation of the Pledge of the Alliance from the classrooms.
	www.asu.edu /educ/sceed/gonzalez-cm/casebook/pastrana.htm (757 words)

	Operationalizing Biculturalism: Comparing Simplistic Measures of a Complex Construct
		Acculturation and biculturalism have been important social science research constructs for the past 100 years.
		The Bicultural Involvement Questionnaire (BIQ: Szapocznik, et al., 1980) was used to measure involvement in Latino culture, involvement in non-Latino (U.S.) culture, and total biculturalism.
		Total biculturalism scores were not significantly related to independent or outcome variables.
	sswr.confex.com /sswr/2005/techprogram/P1735.HTM (582 words)

	Bicultural? Yes and No.
		He dismissed the term biculturalism as a mere label, and expounded a bit on why he does not believe in biculturalism, but he later sent me his book, The Disappearance of the Outside: A Manifesto for Escape, that discusses these ideas and related matters at more length.
		For Codrescu, it seems, biculturalism is a shoe that is a few sizes too small for his foot, but at the same time is a shoe so large as to contain the foot of nearly anybody to try it on.
		Everybody is "bicultural" (nowhere in the book does he use this term) in the sense that everyone exists at a certain point between the inside and the Outside.
	www.colostate.edu /Orgs/NieveRoja/issue5/thomcultural.htm (3935 words)

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