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Topic: Bidirectional script support

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	Overview of bidirectional script support in IBM WebSphere Integration Developer
		Bidirectional script support: A primer: An introduction to the concepts and peculiarities of bidirectional scripts in computing systems, which forms a basis for understanding how those scripts are implemented in specific systems (http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/library/techarticles/bidi/bidigen.html).
		Overview of bidirectional script support in IBM WebSphere Adapters: An overview of support for bidirectional scripts in WebSphere Adapters (JCA) (http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/library/techarticles/bidi/bidijca.html).
		Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm: The layout transformations use a bidirectional implicit algorithm that conforms to the Unicode Bidirectional Algorithm.
	www.ibm.com /developerworks/websphere/library/techarticles/bidi/bidiwid.html (2361 words)

	Bidirectional script support
		Bidirectional script support is the capability of a computer system to correctly display bi-directional text.
		Adding new character sets and character encodings enabled a number of other left-to-right scripts to be supported, but did not easily support right-to-left scripts such as Arabic or Hebrew, and mixing the two was not practical.
		With bidirectional script support, it is possible to mix scripts from different languages on the same page, regardless of writing direction.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/bi/BiDi.html (125 words)

	Uniscribe
		A complex script is one that requires special processing to display and edit because the characters are not laid out in a simple linear progression from left to right, as most European characters are.
		Script boundaries are determined by the codepoint coverage of the shaping engines; direction boundaries are evaluated according to the Unicode bidirectional algorithm.
		One script may be used for several different languages (for example, Latin script, which covers all of Western Europe), and some written languages require multiple scripts (for example, Japanese requires at least three scripts: the hiragana and katakana syllabaries, and the Kanji ideographs imported from China).
	www.microsoft.com /typography/developers/uniscribe/intro.htm (7951 words)

	Uniscribe Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		All right-to-left text requires the use of the bidirectional stack, because the default embedding level of zero implies left-to-right text.
		Is not supported in the core Windows fonts and therefore might require font fallback.
		In bidirectional text, the embedding level is the index of the bidirectional stack.
	msdn.microsoft.com /library/en-us/intl/uniscrib_glossary.asp?FRAME=true (1068 words)

	Globalization Step-by-Step: Complex Scripts Awareness
		All language versions of Windows 2000 and Windows XP are enabled for all supported languages, thereby empowering applications that use Unicode as their encoding model to handle mixed text from any of the supported scripts.
		For these particular scripts, the logical order (the order in which the user enters text with a sequence of virtual-key inputs) and the visual order (the order in which characters are represented to the user) are different in most cases.
		Supported complex scripts in Windows XP are Arabic, Divehi, Hebrew, Syriac, Thai, Vietnamese, and the Indic family of scripts including Bengali, Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurmukhi, Kannada, Oriya, Tamil, and Telugu.
	www.microsoft.com /globaldev/getWR/steps/wrg_cscripts.mspx (3291 words)

	Overview of bidirectional script support in IBM WebSphere Adapters
		Bidirectional layout transformation transforms values from the Windows standard bidirectional format (the format in which they are defined in the EMD itself) to the bidirectional format in which they are defined on the EIS (this format is specified by the user in the EMD's first screen, as described above).
		Bidirectional layout transformation transforms the EIS meta information from the bidirectional format in which they are represented on theEIS (this format is specified by the user in the EMD on the first screen, as described above) to the Windows standard bidirectional format (the format in which they are represented in the WebSphere Process Server environment).
		The value of the bidirectional format is supposed to be a five letter string (for example, ILYNN), each letter of which (I or L or Y or N) signifies the value for its specific subcomponent (for example, I for Bidi Ordering Schema, L for Direction).
	www.ibm.com /developerworks/websphere/library/techarticles/bidi/bidijca.html?ca=drs- (6685 words)

	Bi-directional text - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Such was the case with Egyptian hieroglyphics, where the signs had a distinct "head" that faced the beginning of a line and "tail" that faced the end.
		Early computer installations were designed only to support a single writing system, typically for left-to-right scripts based on the Latin alphabet only.
		With bidirectional script support, it is possible to mix scripts from different scripts on the same page, regardless of writing direction.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bi-directional_text (530 words)

	[No title]
		When the script is used, dL4Term will display a dialog box for the user to enter a user id and password.
		If attempt fails, the script will timeout in 60 seconds (the "Wait failed if Host sends:" action can be used to detect a failed login without waiting for a timeout).
		Scripts can be copied between systems by exporting and then importing the script registry entry in Regedit.
	www.dynamic.com /support/software/release_notes/rmd4tw5336.txt (8319 words)

	Bidirectional script support
		A bidirectional script contains segments of text that are written from right to left as well as embedded numbers or segments of text in western scripts (for example, Latin-based scripts such as English, French, Cyrillic-based, or Greek), which are written from left to right.
		If a bidirectional text has been created in storage with the intent to be presented in a right-to-left global orientation, and is instead rendered with a left-to-right global orientation, the relative order of the different segments (and of the punctuation) gets mixed up and the text does not make sense.
		In a bidirectional text, the physical order of adjacent characters when presented (on a screen or in print) is not always the order in which the characters are pronounced when read aloud.
	www.ibm.com /developerworks/websphere/library/techarticles/bidi/bidigen.html (2247 words)

	june21_06 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The NCPDP SCRIPT Standard was developed by the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs, or NCPDP, an ANSI-accredited standards development organization, to facilitate the electronic, bidirectional transmission of prescription information between prescribers and pharmacies.
		In addition, funding to support efforts by pharmacies to implement new patient care tools, such as medication therapy management and new medication adherence/compliance approaches, is necessary.
		Accordingly, we wholly support the government’s current attempts to provide a clear framework in which the stakeholders with the financial resources to promote the electronic healthcare infrastructure may donate hardware, software, training, and other services in order to foster and promote the implementation of electronic healthcare information technology.
	www.surescripts.com /june21_06.htm (2698 words)

	CodeWeavers - Compatibility - View App - Bidirectional script support (BIDI)
		"Bidirectional script support is the capability of a computer system to correctly display bi-directional text.
		Early computer installations were designed only to support a single writing system, typically for left-to-right scripts based on the Latin alphabet only.
		Adding new character sets and character encodings enabled a number of other left-to-right scripts to be supported, but did not easily support right-to-left scripts such as Arabic or Hebrew, and mixing the two was not practical.
	www.codeweavers.com /compatibility/browse/name?app_id=3196 (176 words)

	An Introduction to Writing Systems: A review of script characteristics affecting computer-based script support and ...
		To help you, the script or scripts to which the concept applies will always be listed at the top right of the slide.
		It is unique in that, although it is a syllabic script, the individual phonemes within a syllable are represented by individual shapes.
		The bidirectional algorithm expects the visual shape of such mirrored characters to be swapped when used in a right-to-left context.
	people.w3.org /rishida/scripts/tutorial/all.html (9126 words)

	computer and internet terms and definitions by QualiSpace
		Cooperative work within projects is supported by a status model controlling visibility of version objects, locking, and "long transactions" for synchronizing concurrent updates.
		For example, in the bidirectional rendering of Arabic, the default reading direction for text is right-to-left, but for numbers, it is left-to-right.
		Processing a complex script must account for the difference between the logical (keystroke) order of input and the visual order of the output glyphs.
	www.qualispace.com /support/Glossary/software-development-glossary.htm (1738 words)

	Arabic (Persian, Hebrew ... ) script support
		However, Arabic script support in word processing software is still problematic–but it need not be so.
		The use of scripts with a different directionality (left-to-right or right-to-left) creates special problems, particularly when words or phrases are inserted into a text with a different directionality, and when punctuation or numbers are used.
		A detailed discussion of resources for non-Roman scripts in Unicode (with particular reference to browsers and HTML editors) is available from Alan Wood (http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/).
	www.lib.utah.edu /middleeast/languageissues.html (1290 words)

	Unreal Localization Support
		Build localization support into the engine at a fundamental level so that all the translation work can be done by a translator person without taking programmer or level designer time.
		Native script support: default string properties of actor (and object) classes can be defined using the "localized" keyword in UnrealScript (or CPF_Localized in C++).
		UnrealEd supports a special console command analyze an Unreal binary file (such as an.unr or.u file) and generate an.ini style text file containing the international English version of the text.
	unreal.epicgames.com /Localization.htm (1319 words)

	Why War? Keywords: Internationalization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Internationalization is the same as to add a framework for multiple language support.
		It is often used to refer to the process whereby something (a corporation, idea, highway, war, etc.) comes to affect more than one nation.
		As internationalization is to adapt things to be used in virtually everywhere, localization is to put special features for local use.
	www.why-war.com /encyclopedia/concepts/internationalization (538 words)

	VMware ESX Server 1.5.2 Release Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Support for Red Hat Linux Advanced Server 2.1 as a guest operating system.
		Failover is supported only on two adapters, where the second is a failover adapter for the first one.
		Load balancing is not supported; the second adapter is not used unless the first one fails.
	www.vmware.com /support/esx15/doc/releasenotes_esx152.html (7466 words)

	Nisus Writer Tips: Multiple Languages
		Nisus Writer supports writing in English (and European Romanic languages--"Romanic" refers to languages using the Latin alphabet and its extensions, regardless of linguistic relationships), in right-to-left languages such as Arabic, Aramaic, Hebrew, Ladino, Persian, Syriac, Yiddish, or in a mixture of these languages and English or other European Romanic languages.
		It supports writing in languages where the shape of the alphabetic character changes depending on its position in relation to other characters (Arabic and Thai).
		The free Nisus Writer 4.1.6 does not support non-Romanic text input except in Japanese, even if you have the appropriate Apple Language Kit (unless you have an old ADB plug, called a Language Key which is no longer in production).
	www.nisus.com /NisusWriter/Support/Tips/MultLang.php (453 words)

	About Your Printer's Default Settings
		Printing is normally bidirectional; however, unidirectional printing allows for precise vertical printing alignment.
		The Parallel Interface bidirectional transfer mode is used when this feature is on.
		The language you select is also effective when you are entering the lock-out setting mode or bidirectional adjustment mode.
	files.support.epson.com /htmldocs/lq590_/lq590_rf/cp_3.htm (1618 words)

	Windows 3.1 and Serial Communications
		Unless your PC supports IRQ sharing (the ability to have multiple ports using the same IRQ), this could cause your mouse or modem to lose functionality.
		In addition, some serial I/O cards support IRQ sharing even if your machine is not specifically configured to do so.
		Whether or not you experience problems as a result of address packing may depend on what COM ports you are using, what type of hardware you have, and whether you are using MS-DOS-based communications software.
	support.microsoft.com /support/kb/articles/q92/4/47.asp (5777 words)

	nonromanscript
		Original script representation of established English/Romanized headings: Hebraica Team supplies original script parallel fields for 100, 700, 440, 830, 600, headings.
		Even though the original script headings are not (yet) under bibliographic control, Hebraica Team will provide the same tagging and indicators as are given for the established Roman-script counterparts.
		In the age of Unicode, original script transcription is definitely practicable, and therefore (according to AACR2) should be preferred.
	www.library.yale.edu /cataloging/hebraicateam/nonromanissues.html (960 words)

	its0505ReqBidi - ESW Wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Markup should be available to support the needs of bidirectional scripts.
		Generally the Unicode bidirectional algorithm will cause text in scripts such as Arabic and Hebrew to appropriately order mixed script text.
		Markup is also required to disable the effects of the bidirectional algorithm for a specified range of text.
	esw.w3.org /topic/its0505ReqBidi (181 words)

	Frequently Asked Questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		This file is used to indicate fonts that need special support by Photoshop CE as well as customizing complementary fonts.
		This file is used to indicate fonts that need special support by Photoshop ME as well as customizing complementary fonts.
		In case the answer to your problem is not here, you can go to the Adobe Support Centre and search the Adobe Support Database.
	www.adobe.com /ceea/support/faq/faq.html (2647 words)

	epoc_does_unicode.html
		One of the most interesting tasks, which is still in progress, was to add support for complex scripts and bidirectional text to the text layout system.
		In this example you can see that some bidirectional reordering is happening, because apart from the word 'Arabic' at the start there is a number, the year 1997, which is displayed left to right within the right-to-left Arabic, and a range of numbers, 10-12, which appears as 12-10.
		Implementing full Unicode support, including all the behaviour needed for multilingual text and complex scripts, was doubly difficult in EPOC because of the need for applications written for the 8-bit system to be ported easily to the Unicode build.
	www.unicode.org /iuc/iuc16/c16/paper.html (4943 words)

	User Interfaces For Right-To-Left Languages (Hebrew, Arabic) and Bidirectional Text
		Text written in the Hebrew and Arabic languages is often referred to as bidirectional, or "bidi" for short.
		English or French written in Latin script) is often mixed in with either Hebrew or Arabic writing.
		As a result the internationalization industry and the Unicode Character Standard, have moved to refering to the digits 0-9 as Western digits or European digits, and the Hindi digits are then known as the "Arabic digits".
	www.i18nguy.com /MiddleEastUI.html (1078 words)

	epoc_does_unicode.html
		One of the most interesting tasks, which is still in progress, was to add support for complex scripts and bidirectional text to the text layout system.
		In this example you can see that some bidirectional reordering is happening, because apart from the word 'Arabic' at the start there is a number, the year 1997, which is displayed left to right within the right-to-left Arabic, and a range of numbers, 10-12, which appears as 12-10.
		Implementing full Unicode support, including all the behaviour needed for multilingual text and complex scripts, was doubly difficult in EPOC because of the need for applications written for the 8-bit system to be ported easily to the Unicode build.
	unicode.org /iuc/iuc16/c16/paper.html (4943 words)

	Nabble - RTL support
		It was legacy, so Unicode had so support it.
		support is quite specialized, probably everywhere in the world.
		RTL support must be consistent with, and a part of, the full bidi
	www.nabble.com /RTL-support-t600024.html (5409 words)

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