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Topic: Bifid cipher

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Classical cipher

Transposition cipher

Substitution cipher

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	Braingle: Bifid Cipher
		The Bifid Cipher uses a Polybius Square to encipher a message in a way that makes it fairly difficult to decipher without knowing the secret.
		The Bifid Cipher can be taken into three dimensions to slightly increase the security of the message.
		This new cipher is called the Trifid Cipher.
	www.braingle.com /brainteasers/codes/bifid.php (257 words)

	Autokey cipher - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The first autokey cipher was invented by Girolamo Cardano, and, although it contained a weakness that made it easy to break, a number of attempts were made by other cryptographers to produce an autokey system that was not trivial to break; eventually one was invented by Blaise de Vigenère.
		Most modern stream ciphers are based on pseudorandom number generators: the key is used to initialize the generator, and either key bytes or plaintext bytes are fed back into the generator to produce more bytes.
		Some stream ciphers are said to be "self-synchronizing", because the next key byte usually depends only on the previous N bytes of the message.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Autokey_cipher (453 words)

	Encyclopedia: Two-square cipher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		When only the ciphertext is known, brute force cryptanalysis of the cipher involves searching through the key space for matches between the frequency of occurrence of digrams (pairs of letters) and the known frequency of occurrence of digrams in the assumed language of the original message.
		An autokey cipher, or self-synchronizing stream cipher, is a cipher which incorporates the message (the plaintext) into the key.
		In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encryption by which units of plaintext are substituted with ciphertext according to a regular system; the units may be single letters (the most common), pairs of letters, triplets of letters, mixtures of the above, and so forth.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Two_square-cipher (1726 words)

	Transposition cipher - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In classical cryptography, a transposition cipher changes one character from the plaintext to another (to decrypt the reverse is done).
		Until the discovery of the VIC cipher, double transposition was generally regarded as the most complicated cipher that an agent could operate reliably under difficult field conditions.
		Examples of ciphers that combine fractionation and transposition include the bifid cipher, the trifid cipher, the ADFGVX cipher and the VIC cipher.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Transposition_cipher (1469 words)

	Classical cipher - tScholars.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In cryptography, a classical cipher is a type of cipher used historically but which now have fallen, for the most part, into disuse.
		In a substitution cipher, letters (or groups of letters) are systematically replaced throughout the message for other letters (or groups of letters).
		In a transposition cipher, the letters themselves are kept unchanged, but rather their order within the message is scrambled according to some well-defined scheme.
	www.tscholars.com /encyclopedia/Classical_cipher (266 words)

	Hill cipher - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In classical cryptography, the Hill cipher is a polygraphic substitution cipher based on linear algebra.
		Unfortunately, the basic Hill cipher is vulnerable to a known-plaintext attack because it is completely linear.
		When operating on 2 symbols at once, a Hill cipher offers no particular advantage over Playfair or the bifid cipher, and in fact is weaker than either, and slightly more laborious to operate by pencil-and-paper.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hill_cipher (869 words)

	Transposition cipher -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In classical (Act of writing in code or cipher) cryptography, a transposition cipher changes one character from the (Click link for more info and facts about plaintext) plaintext to another (to decrypt the reverse is done).
		An interesting variation of the route cipher was the Union Route Cipher, used by Union forces during the (Civil war in the United States between the North and the South; 1861-1865) American Civil War.
		When such a fractionated message is transposed, the components of individual letters become widely separated in the message, thus achieving (United States electrical engineer who pioneered mathematical communication theory (1916-2001)) Claude E. Shannon's ((physics) the process of diffusing; the intermingling of molecules in gases and liquids as a result of random thermal agitation) diffusion.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/t/tr/transposition_cipher.htm (1428 words)

	Cryptography : Basic techniques, Crypto System - Ankit
		Given a cipher, a key determines the mapping of the plaintext to the cipher text.
		Decryption is performed by applying the reverse procedure to the cipher text block, whilst using the same secret key.
		The number of rounds in an iterated cipher depends on the desired security level and the consequent trade-off with performance.
	www.ankitjain.info /articles/Cryptography_ankit3.htm (726 words)

	Chapter 8 -- The Cipher Exchange
		The CE ciphers given in The Cryptogram are all solvable by pencil and paper methods, although computers and other mechanical aids are often used to assist.
		Cipher substitutes are found at the other corners of that rectangle, first in square 2, the second in square 4.
		The cipher equivalents are those letters forming the opposite corners of a rectangle determined by the pt pair.
	www.cryptogram.org /cdb/aca.info/aca.and.you/chap08.html (5807 words)

	TRANSPOSITION CIPHER SCIENCE, FACTS AND DATA - COVERING THE WORLD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The rail fence cipher is not very strong; the number of practical keys is small enough that a cryptanalyst can try them all by hand.See also scytale
		Until the discovery of the VIC_cipher, double transposition was generally regarded as the most complicated cipher that an agent could operate reliably under difficult field conditions.
		Examples of ciphers that combine fractionation and transposition include the bifid_cipher, the trifid_cipher, the ADFGVX_cipher and the VIC_cipher.
	www.globeclothes.com /transposition_cipher (1355 words)

	cipher substitution Index - Computer-Technology-Find (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Four examples of simple substitution ciphers can be explored by choosing the menu bar options on the left.
		A substitution cipher is a mono-alphabetic cipher, ie same letters in the plain-text map to the...
		The correspondence between Mary Queen of Scots and Anthony Babington was encrypted with a substitution cipher.
	www.computer-technology-find.com /Cipher/cipher-substitution.html (524 words)

	Project Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		All of the mono-alphabetic ciphers are used in conjunction with a key.
		The RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) Cipher is encrypted with the use of Logarithms, Modular Arithmetic, and the Euler Totient Function.
		As the Vigenère Cipher is set out in a 26 by 26 alphabetical grid (each row begins with an alphabet shift of +1), the Ciphertext that is produced has a frequency distribution that is relatively horizontal when plotted on a graph.
	www.gvrsf.sciencefairs.bc.ca /2003public/m7c.html (344 words)

	Classical cipher -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In (Act of writing in code or cipher) cryptography, a classical cipher is a type of (A person of no influence) cipher used historically but which now have fallen, for the most part, into disuse.
		Sometimes classed with classical ciphers are more advanced mechanical or electro-mechanical cipher machines, such as the (Click link for more info and facts about Enigma machine) Enigma machine.
		Classical ciphers are often divided into (Click link for more info and facts about transposition cipher) transposition ciphers and (Click link for more info and facts about substitution cipher) substitution ciphers.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/cl/classical_cipher.htm (395 words)

	Hill cipher - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Hill cipher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Consequently a useful variant of the Hill cipher adds 3 extra symbols to increase the modulus to 29.
		For a 5 × 5 Hill cipher, that is about 114 bits.
		As the dimension increases, the cipher rapidly becomes infeasible for a human to operate by hand.
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Hill-cipher.html (1107 words)

	bifid cipher Index - Computer-Technology-Find (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Cipher Exchange (CE) is that department of The Cryptogram that...
		transposition cipher In classical cryptography, a transposition cipher changes one character from the plaintext to another (to decrypt the reverse.
		classical cipher In cryptography, a classical cipher is a type of cipher used historically but which now have fallen, for the most part, into disuse.
	www.computer-technology-find.com /Cipher/bifid-cipher.html (617 words)

	RuffNekk's Crypto Pages - Main page
		Most of the cipher systems described on this site were all meant to be encoded and decoded with pencil and paper.
		They are often reffered to as 'field ciphers' because the agents in the field were supposed to be able to use them without any tools, machinery or computers.
		Most ciphers date back to eras where computers did not even exist.
	ruffnekk.stormloader.com (190 words)

	Cipher Type - bifid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		If the cipher has a solve method then digram frequencies for this language are used to determine the best fit.
		Return the plaintext for this cipher based on the current key setting.
		The result can be passed back to this cipher instance or another cipher with the cipherProc restore subcommand.
	ciphertool.sourceforge.net /cipher/bifid.html (226 words)

	[No title]
		Since cipher letter G is involved, we place the G under the I which results in the Y we already had and putting G under the U gives us M under the A, we choose the latter.
		Using the previous example, we let the first ten cipher letters in each alphabet be set down in a horizontal line and the assumption is made that the alphabets are direct standard with normal sequences.
		If reversed standard alphabets are used, we must convert the cipher letters of each isolated alphabet into their normal, plain component equivalents, and then proceed as in the case of direct standard alphabets.
	www.math.utoledo.edu /~codentha/Cryptanalysis/lanaki/lanaki11.txt (13611 words)

	The Bifid, the Trifid, and the Straddling Checkerboard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		This is the Bifid cipher of Delastelle, and the general principle of this form of cipher is called seriation.
		This is one of the most secure pencil-and-paper ciphers that is still used by hobbyists as a puzzle.
		It belongs to the class of cipher methods known as fractionation, where letters are divided into smaller pieces, or "fractions".
	www.hypermaths.org /quadibloc/crypto/pp1322.htm (1351 words)

	Cryptogram - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A cryptogram is a type of word puzzle popularly printed in some newspapers and magazines.
		A short piece of text is encrypted with a simple substitution cipher in which each letter is replaced by a different letter.
		To solve the puzzle, one must recover the plaintext.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cryptogram (156 words)

	Classical cipher
		Classical ciphers operate on letters or groups of letters and were, in practice, implemented by hand or with simple mechanical devices.
		Classical schemes are often breakable in a ciphertext-only attack, and sometimes even without knowledge of the system itself, typically using frequency analysis.
		Sometimes classed with classical ciphers are the electromechanical rotor machines, such as the Enigma machine.
	www.keywordmage.net /cl/classical-cipher.html (110 words)

	Transposition cipher explained (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		For example, using the same plaintext and grid that we used for rail fence: W R I O R F E O E E E S V E L A N J A D C E D E T C X The key might specify "spiral inwards, clockwise, starting from the top right".
		That would give a cipher text of: EJX CTE DEC DAE WRI ORF EON ALE VSE (The clerk has broken this ciphertext up into blocks of three to help avoid errors).
		Their leader, the celebrated Upper Punjab, concluded a treaty with Lord Auckland, at the independent state.
	www.wordspider.net /tr/transposition-cipher.html (1307 words)

	Cipher Strength: Information on add (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The level of encryption on your computer is displayed next to the words "Cipher Strength." If the cipher strength on your computer is not 128 bits, download and install the encryption pack...
		Worldpay who manage the shop on our behalf have upgraded their software and you now need a 'cipher strength' of 128bit to be able to complete your purchase.
		cipher strength internet explorer microsoft Home whose promise, as conveyed to her by the priest, she held as sacred,had discovered to her his intention to bear the general company asfar as Jolliffee...
	internetexploreraddons.maadd.com /cipherstrength (1100 words)

	Polybius square (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Polybius did not originally conceive of his device as a cipher so much as an aid to telegraphy ; he suggested the symbols could be signalled by holding up pairs of sets of torches.
		It has also been used, in the form of the " knock code ", to signal messages between cells in prisons by tapping the numbers on pipes or walls.
		As such it is a useful component in several ciphers such as the ADFGVX cipher, the Nihilist cipher and the bifid cipher.
	www.therfcc.org /polybius-square-72847.html (390 words)

	Bifid Cipher (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Bifid cipher is a type of matrix, or columnar transposition, cipher.
		Start by creating a 5 by 5 matrix of letters, with the rows and columns labeled 1 to 5.
		The last step is to take each group of numbers, such as 41 and 31 in the beginning of the line above, and find the corresponding cipher values in the same matrix above.
	home.rmci.net /dunhamk/crypto/Bifid.htm (304 words)

	Project Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The project includes basic information relating to the encryption and decryption of the simplest Ciphers, and also explains how simple and complex mathematical equations can be incorporated to create a powerful cipher.
		For example, Pencil-To-Paper methods are used constantly for Mono-alphabetic Ciphers whereas it is used selectively for Poly-alphabetic Ciphers.
		All of these Ciphers are used in conjunction with a key.
	www.gvrsf.sciencefairs.bc.ca /2002/m85c.html (477 words)

	Bifid cipher - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Bifid cipher - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		This page was last modified 13:27, 23 Apr 2005.
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Bifid cipher contains research on
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Bifid_cipher (268 words)

	Paper & Pencil Cryptography
		It is somehow safe cipher as it causes the fractionation of every letter to 2 or more fractions.
		This codes are saved by the spy in a book, always it is very small(can be hidden inside a concealment coin!!) to ease its concealment and the codes are well organized alphabetically for rapid coding and decoding.
		The presence of an original script of a ciphered messages or codes is of great importance to the code breakers in cryptanalysis, so they have to reform the message in other words,for this reason that the secret services always try to steal the cipher and code books.
	www.angelfire.com /clone2/darkcorner/cipherscodes.html (2146 words)

	Lanaki Lesson 9 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Cipher A. Deavours and Louis Kruh, in Chapter III of "Machine Cryptography and Modern Cryptanalysis", give detailed descriptions with pictures, rotor order, settings, plug-board and their influence on frequency distribution.
		Numeric cipher at intersection (HK, UM, RY, etc. = 36) The Enigma rotor operation principle has probably been long superseded by much more sophisticated methods of encryption that are faster and more secure, but it will remain interesting for a long time to amateurs such as myself.
		The only absolutely secure cipher is the One Time Pad and it has the disadvantage of requiring copies to be destroyed after one use.
	www.fortunecity.com /skyscraper/coding/379/lesson9.htm (12658 words)

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